Results for Komi Republic
On this page:
 
 
 
Columbia Encyclopedia: Komi Republic,
constituent republic (1990 pop. 1,270,000), c.160,000 sq mi (414,400 sq km), NE European Russia. Syktyvkar is the capital. The region is a wooded lowland, stretching across the Pechora and the Vychegda river basins and the upper reaches of the Mezen River. The northern part is permanently frozen, wooded tundra. Mining is the most important economic activity. There are major coal fields in the Pechora basin, yielding heating and coking coal. Saint Petersburg receives most of its coal from the region. Syktyvkar, the capital, is a major lumber center; Vorkuta is a coal-mining center; and there is extensive lumbering, stock raising, fishing, and hunting. Russians (58%), Komi (23%), and Ukrainians constitute the population. The Komi, formerly called Zyrians, speak a Finno-Ugric language and adhere to the Russian Orthodox religion. The area underwent a spectacular economic advance after the opening (1942) of the Kotlas-Vorkuta RR to transport the area's coal and oil. The area belonged to the Novgorod Republic from the 13th cent. The Zyrian Autonomous Region was constituted in 1921; it became an autonomous republic in 1936. In 1990, Komi declared its sovereignty, and the word “autonomous” was dropped from its name. It was a signatory to the Mar. 31, 1992, treaty that created the Russian Federation (see Russia). The Komi Republic has a 180-member parliament.


 
 
Wikipedia: Komi Republic

Coordinates: 63°9′10″N, 55°49′41″E


Komi Republic (English)
Республика Коми (Russian)
Коми Республика (Komi)
RussiaKomi2007-07.png
Location of the Komi Republic in Russia
Coat of Arms Flag
Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Komi_Republic.svg
Coat of arms of the Komi Republic
Flag_of_Komi.svg
Flag of the Komi Republic
Anthem: National Anthem of the Komi Republic
Capital Syktyvkar
Established August 22, 1921
Political status
Federal district
Economic region
Republic
Northwestern
Northern
Code 11
Area
Area
- Rank
 km²
13th
Population (as of the 2002 Census)
Population
- Rank
- Density
- Urban
- Rural
 inhabitants
54th
 inhab. / km²
75.3%
24.7%
Official languages Russian, Komi
Government
Head Vladimir Torlopov
First Deputy Head Pavel Orda
Legislative body State Council
Constitution Constitution of the Komi Republic
Official website
http://www.rkomi.ru/

The Komi Republic (Russian: Респу́блика Ко́ми, Respublika Komi; Komi: Коми Республика, Komi Respublika) is a republic and a federal subject of Russia, to the west of the Ural mountains, in the north-east of the East European Plain.

Geography

Forests cover over 70% of the territory of the republic and swamps cover approximately 15%.

Time zone

RTZ2.png

The Komi Republic is located in the Moscow Time Zone (MSK/MSD). UTC offset is +0300 (MSK)/+0400 (MSD).

Rivers

Major rivers include:

Lakes

There are many lakes in the republic. Major lakes include:

  • Sindorskoye Lake
  • Yam-Ozero Lake

Natural resources

The republic's natural resources include coal, oil, natural gas, gold, diamonds, and more.

Around 32,800 km² of mostly boreal forest (as well as some alpine tundra and meadows) in the Republic's Northern Ural Mountains have been recognized in 1995 as a UNESCO World Heritage site, Virgin Komi Forests. It is the first natural UNESCO World Heritage site in Russia and the largest expanse of virgin forests in Europe. The site includes two pre-exiting protected areas: Pechora-Ilych Nature Reserve (created in 1930) and Yugyd Va National Park (created in 1994).

Climate

Winters in the republic are long and cold, and the summers, while short, are quite warm. Average January temperature: –17°C (southern parts) to –20°C (northern parts) Average July temperature: +11°C (northern parts) to +15°C (southern parts) Average annual precipitation: 625 mm

Administrative divisions

Demographics

  • Population: 1,018,674 (2002)
    • Urban: 766,587 (75.3%)
    • Rural: 252,087 (24.7%)
    • Male: 488,316 (47.9%)
    • Female: 530,358 (52.1%)
  • Females per 1000 males: 1,086
  • Average age: 34.5 years
    • Urban: 33.7 years
    • Rural: 36.8 years
    • Male: 32.3 years
    • Female: 36.8 years
  • Number of households: 381,626 (with 992,612 people)
    • Urban: 289,854 (with 749,329 people)
    • Rural: 91,772 (with 243,283 people)
  • Vital statistics (2005)
    • Births: 10,975 (birth rate 11.1)
    • Deaths: 15,074 (death rate 15.2)
  • Ethnic groups

According to the 2002 Census, ethnic Russians make up 59.6% of the republic's population, while the ethnic Komi are only 25.2%. Other groups include Ukrainians (6.1%), Tatars (15,680 or 1.5%), Belarusians (15,212 or 1.5%), Ethnic Germans (9,246 or 0.9%), Chuvash (7,529 or 0.7%), Azeris (6,066 or 0.6%), and a host of smaller groups, each accounting for less than 0.5% of the total population. 5,700 people (0.6%) did not indicate their nationalities during the Census.

census 1926 census 1939 census 1959 census 1970 census 1979 census 1989 census 2002
Komi 191,245 (92.2%) 231,301 (72.5%) 245,074 (30.4%) 276,178 (28.6%) 280,798 (25.3%) 291,542 (23.3%) 256,464 (25.2%)
Russians 13,731 (6.6%) 70,226 (22.0%) 389,995 (48.4%) 512,203 (53.1%) 629,523 (56.7%) 721,780 (57.7%) 607,021 (59.6%)
Ukrainians 34 (0.0%) 6,010 (1.9%) 80,132 (9.9%) 82,955 (8.6%) 94,154 (8.5%) 104,170 (8.3%) 62,115 (6.1%)
Others 2,304 (1.1%) 11,459 (3.6%) 90,998 (11.3%) 93,466 (9.7%) 105,886 (9.5%) 133,355 (10.7%) 93,074 (9.1%)

History

Map of the Komi Republic
Enlarge
Map of the Komi Republic

A northernmost portion of European Russia, Komi was an unspoiled land throughout most of history, dwelt in only by nomadic native peoples.

The territory of the republic was most intensely settled in the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. The Komi-Zyryan Autonomous Oblast was established on August 22, 1929, and on December 5 of the same year it was reorganized into an Komi-Zyryan ASSR.

Many of the "settlers" who came in the early 20th century were prisoners of the Gulag who were sent by the hundreds of thousands to perform forced labor in the Arctic regions of the USSR. Towns sprang up around labor-camp sites, which were initially carved out of the untouched tundra and taiga by gangs of prisoners.

The Komi Republic in its modern form was established on May 26, 1992.

Politics

The head of government in Komi Republic is the Head of the Republic. As of 2004, the head of the republic is Vladimir Alexandrovich Torlopov, who was elected in December of 2001.

Economy

Komi Republic's major industries include oil processing, timber, woodworking, natural gas and electric power industries. Major industrial centers are Syktyvkar, Inta, Pechora, Sosnogorsk, Ukhta, and Vorkuta.

Transportation

Railroad transportation is very well developed. The most important railroad line is KotlasVorkutaSalekhard, which is used to ship most goods in and out of the republic. The rivers Vychegda and Pechora are navigable. There are airports in Syktyvkar, Ukhta, and Vorkuta.

In 1997, total railroad trackage was 1,708 km; automobile roads 4,677 km.

Education

There are over 450 secondary schools in the republic (with ~180,000 students). The most important higher education facilities include Syktyvkar State University and Ukhta State Technical University.

See also

Pitirim Sorokin

External links


 
 

Join the WikiAnswers Q&A community. Post a question or answer questions about "Komi Republic" at WikiAnswers.

 

Copyrights:

Columbia Encyclopedia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright © 2003, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. www.cc.columbia.edu/cu/cup/  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Komi Republic" Read more

Search for answers directly from your browser with the FREE Answers.com Toolbar!  
Click here to download now. 

Get Answers your way! Check out all our free tools and products.

On this page:   E-mail   print Print  Link  

 

Keep Reading

Mentioned In: