| Kruševo | |||
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  Kruševo
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| Coordinates: 41°22′N 21°14′E / 41.367°N 21.233°E | |||
| Country |  Macedonia |
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| Municipality | Kruševo municipality | ||
| Elevation | 1,350 m (4,429 ft) | ||
| Population ([citation needed]) | |||
| - Total | 5,507 | ||
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
| Postal code | 7550 | ||
| Area code(s) | +389 048 | ||
| Car plates | BT | ||
Kruševo (Macedonian: Крушево, 
ˈkruʃɛvɔ (help·info); Aromanian: Crushuva) also spelt Krushevo, is a town in the Republic of Macedonia. It is the highest town in Macedonia, situated at an altitude of over 4,000 feet (1250 m) above sea level. The town of Kruševo is the seat of Kruševo Municipality.
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Name
The name of the town in other languages is:
History
Mentioned in documents from the 15th century[citation needed], Kruševo is a living museum, famous for its traditional architecture, cultural sites, and legacy as the site of the great 1903 Ilinden uprising against Ottoman domination. The rebellion failed, but its memory is cherished in Macedonia even today, as a symbol of the national struggle for freedom and democracy; while it lasted only 10 days, the Kruševo Republic of revolutionary leader Nikola Karev represented a desire for self-rule under a modern European political system. Today an enormous monument on the hill above Kruševo marks the elusive dream of the Ilinden revolutionaries.
In 19th century Krushevo grow as commercial center with connections not only in Macedonia. Local merchants such as office of Nitsiotas brothers and five other companies were active in Vienna.[1] In 60-s of the 19th century a Bulgarian municipality and Bulgarian school were established the city.[2] Subsequently, Bulgarian girls school was opened[3] and it operated simultaneously with the Greek schools in the town. A Romanian school started functioning in Krushevo in 1876.[4]
During the Ilinden Uprising in 1903 the rebels proclaimed a short lived Kruševo Republic. Having suppressed the uprising the city was almost completely destroyed by the Ottoman army.The republic known as Kruševska republika was established here in 1903 during the Ilinden insurrection. One of the most important points in the Ilinden uprising was the declaration of the "Manifesto of Kruševo". It called for all the people of Macedonia regardless of their nationality and religion to fight together against the Ottoman Empire and live peacefully in a free country of Macedonia. In the early 20th century, Kruševo was a small town with a mixed population of 4,950 Bulgarians, 4,000 Vlachs (Aromanians) and 400 Christian Albanians, according to Bulgarian geographer Vasil Kanchov's statistics.[5] In 2002, Kruševo still retained a sizable Aromanian minority judging by census data: it was populated by 4,273 Macedonians, 1,020 Vlachs, 26 Serbs and 11 others.
There is in the area a monument called Mečkin Kamen (Bear's Stone). This was the place where Pitu Guli's band (cheta) was trying to defend the town of Kruševo from the Turkish troops coming from Bitola. The whole band and their leader (voivode) perished and Kruševo as well as many of the nearby villages were set to fire by the Ottomans.
Features
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Kruševo is a picturesque mountain town. Situated at an altitude of 1,350 metres (4,400 ft), Kruševo is the highest town in the Republic of Macedonia. Kruševo is known for its many fine examples of 19th century domestic architecture. The town is full of old and more recent houses built in the style of old Macedonian architecture.
It is home to Mečkin Kamen, an historical landmark which marks the spot of the uprising of 1903. On 2 August every year, it is the site of the traditional Macedonian Independence Day celebrations, which are attended by the President of Macedonia and other Macedonian political leaders.
Kruševo also hosts the Makedonium monument to the Ilinden Uprising and a number of museums of the Ilinden Uprising.
The towns galleries include an exhibit of 19th century icons and a memorial to the master of modern Macedonian painting Nikola Martinovski who was born in this town.
Because of its elevation, Kruševo is one of Macedonia’s winter sports destinations; the same quality also makes this pine-forested getaway a comfortable destination in summer, when the Kruševo air stays cooler and more pure than in the arid lowlands.
The "Ethno-Town Project"
There is a project called "Kruševo ethno-town", supported by the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Macedonia, developed by few enthusiasts. According to that project, Kruševo shall look like a town from the beginning of the 20th century, while it was the center of the Ilinden Uprising in 1903, leading to the creation of the first Republic on the Balkans, The Krusevo Republic. People will be dressed like Ottoman Turks and Macedonian revolutionary freedom fighters. The project wants to make Kruševo a main tourist destination in five years.[6]
Notable people
- Toše Proeski, Macedonian singer
- Patriarch Joachim III of Constantinople (1834-1912)
- Vasil Iljoski, leading Macedonian writer
- Pitu Guli, Aromanian revolutionary
- Alexandros Svolos, Greek academic
- Nikola Martinovski - Macedonian painter
- Ilija Najdoski - football player
- Nicolae Batzaria (20.11.1874-28.01.1952) - Aromanian writer, ottoman Minister Of Public Works and Commerce as Batzaria Effendi
See also
References
- ^ Vacalopulos, Konstandinos A. Modern history of Macedonia, Thessaloniki 1988, p. 138-139
- ^ Иванов, Йордан. Българите в Македония, София 1917, с. 333 (Ivanon, Yordan. Bulgarians in Macedonia, Sofia 1917, p. 333), Ванчев, Йордан. Новобългарската просвета в Македония през Възраждането, София 1982, с. 115 (Vanchev, Yordan. New Bulgarian education in Macedonia during the National Revival, Sofia 1982, p. 115)
- ^ Божинов, Воин. Българската просвета в Македония и Одринска Тракия 1878-1913, София 1982, с. 73 (Bozhinov, Voin. Bulgarian Education in Macedonia and Adrianopole Thrace 1878-1913, Sofia 1982, p. 73)
- ^ Романски, Стоян. Македонските ромъни, Македонски преглед, г. I, 1925, кн. 5-6, с. 83-84 (Romanski, Stoyan. Macedonian Romanians, Macedonian review, 1925, vol. 5-6, p. 83-84) According to other sources the Rumanian school was established in 1868 by A. Margarit - Ласку, Стојка. Од историјата на ароманскиот печат во Македонија. Списанијата "Братство" и "Светлина", Скопје 2007, с. 122
- ^ Васил Кънчов. „Македония. Етнография и статистика“. София, 1900, стр.240 (Kanchov, Vasil. Macedonia — ethnography and statistics Sofia, 1900, p. 39-53).
- ^ Macedonian newspaper 'Vreme'
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