Lamanai (from Lama'anayin, "submerged crocodile" in Yucatec Maya) is a Mesoamerican archaeological site, and was once a considerably sized city of the Maya civilization, located in the north of Belize, in Orange Walk District. The site's name is pre-Columbian, recorded by early Spanish missionaries, and documented over a millennium earlier in Maya inscriptions as Lam'an'ain.
Contents |
History
| Maya ruins of Belize |
 |
| Altun Ha |
| Cahal Pech |
| Caracol |
| Cerros |
| El Pilar |
| Lamanai |
| Louisville |
| Lubaantun |
| Nim Li Punit |
| San Estevan |
| Santa Rita |
| Uxbenka |
| Xunantunich |
Lamanai was occupied as early as the 16th century BC.[1] The site became a prominent centre in the Pre-Classic Period, from the 4th century BC through the 1st century CE. In 625 CE, "Stele 9" was erected there in the Yucatec language of the Maya.[2] Lamanai continued to be occupied up to the 17th century AD. During the Spanish conquest of Yucatán Spanish friars established two Roman Catholic churches here, but a Maya revolt drove the Spanish out.[1] The site was subsequently incorporated by the British in British Honduras, passing with that colony's independence to Belize.
Site description
The vast majority of the site remained unexcavated until the mid-1970s. Archaeological work has concentrated on the investigation and restoration of the larger structures, most notably the Mask Temple, Structure N10-9 ("Temple of the Jaguar Masks") and High Temple. The summit of this latter structure affords a view across the surrounding jungle to a nearby lagoon, part of New River.
A significant portion of the Temple of the Jaguar Masks remains under grassy earth or is covered in dense jungle growth. Unexcavated, it would be significantly taller than the High Temple.
Archaeological investigations
The first detailed description of the ruins was made in 1917 by Thomas Gann. Archeological excavations at the site began in 1974 under David M. Pendergast of the Royal Ontario Museum, which continued through 1988. Further excavations and restoration work is being conducted as of 2004[update]. The ruins are being excavated by a team from the nearby villages of Indian Church and San Carlos. The current project is co-directed by Dr. Elizabeth Graham (Institute of Archaeology, University College London) and Dr. Scott Simmons (University of North Carolina at Wilmington).[1] Since 2006 research at the site has been directed mostly towards artifact analysis. Major excavations will resume when funding for more artifact processing, analyses and storage is acquired.
Modern site and tourism
Lamanai is accessible to tourists by organised day boat trips from Orange Walk Town along the New River. A small museum exhibits local artefacts and provides a historical overview. Tourist facilities and small shops are available.
Gallery
 Mask Temple - Lamanai |
 Detail of carving on right-hand (facing temple) wall of Mask Temple. A similarly-sized panel on the left-hand side is covered up for its protection. |
 5 ft 8 in tall person in front of Mask Temple wall, for perspective. |
 Louise Belanger, http://www.louisebelanger.com/temple.htm, doing consolidation work on the Mask, 2001 |
 High Temple, Lamanai |
 Detail from front wall (right side facing front) of the High Temple. Heavily eroded. |
 View from the top of the High Temple, to illustrate height. |
 Temple of the Jaguar Masks |
 Temple of the Jaguar Masks - detail of what is believed to be a jaguar head, left-hand side of temple (when facing its front). |
 Unexplored temple mound south of the High Temple, Lamanai |
References
- ^ a b c Lamanai Archaeological Project site
- ^ Michael P. Closs, <a href="http://www.mesoweb.com/bearc/cmr/21_text.html">The Hieroglyphic Text of Stela 9, Lamanai, Belize </a>, Retrieved 6/26/2009
See also
External links
Coordinates: 17°45′9.24″N 88°39′16.09″W / 17.7525667°N 88.6544694°W
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