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Columbia Encyclopedia: Landshut
(länts'hūt) , city (1994 pop. 59,640), Bavaria, SE Germany, on the Isar River. Once the capital of Lower Bavaria, it is now a transportation and industrial center. Manufactures include textiles, furniture, beer, chocolate, tobacco, and chemicals. A large influx of more than 12,000 refugees after World War II sparked new industries such as electrotechnics and machine-building. Founded in 1204, Landshut became the residence of the dukes of Bavaria-Landshut in 1255. The city suffered heavily in the Thirty Years War (1618–48). From 1802 to 1826 it was the seat of the Bavarian university (now at Munich). A 13th-century castle, Burg Trausnitz, overlooks the city. St. Martin's Church (1389) has one of the world's highest brick steeples (436 ft/133m).

 
 
Wikipedia: Landshut
This article is about the city of Landshut in Bavaria. For other uses, see Landshut (disambiguation).
Landshut
Coat of arms Location
Coat of arms of Landshut
Landshut (Germany)
Landshut
Administration
Country Flag of Germany Germany
State Bavaria
Admin. region Lower Bavaria
District Urban district
Mayor Hans Rampf
Basic statistics
Area  km² ( sq mi)
Elevation  m  (1460 ft)
Population  
Please give "Stand or population_as_of" in YYYY-MM-DD format , e. g. 2005-12-31
 - Density /km² ( /sq mi)
Other information
Time zone CET/CEST ([[UTC+1]]/[[UTC+2|+2]])
Licence plate LA
Postal codes 84001-84036
Area code 0871
Website www.landshut.de
Panorama
Panorama

Coordinates: 48°32′23″N 12°09′03″E / 48.53972, 12.15083

Landshut is a city in Bavaria in the south-east of Germany both belonging to Eastern and Southern Bavaria. Situated on the banks of the Isar river Landshut acts as capital of Lower Bavaria, one of the seven administrative regions of the Free State of Bavaria. In addition to this it is also seat of the surrounding district. With a population of over 60,000 inhabitants, Landshut is Lower Bavaria's biggest city followed by Straubing and Passau as well as Eastern Bavaria's second biggest city after Regensburg.

Owing to its characteristical coat of arms, the city is also often called "Three Helmets City" (German: Dreihelmenstadt).

Due to the good infrastructural accessibility near the metropolis of Munich and the Franz Josef Strauss International Airport halfway between the two cities on the banks of the Isar boasts Landshut East Bavaria's lowest unemployment rate (ca 4.2% in October 2006), which is much lower than the Bavarian average (ca 5.8%).

Geography

Settings

Landshut lies in the center of Lower Bavaria. It's part of the Alpine Foreland. The river Isar runs throught the city center. Landshut is about 45 miles northeast of Munich.

Climate

History

The city of Landshut and Trausnitz castle were founded in 1204 by Duke Louis I. Already in 1231 Landshut became a Wittelsbach residence and in 1255 when the duchy of Bavaria was split in two Landshut became also the capital of Lower Bavaria. Duke Henry XVI was the first of the three famous rich dukes, who reigned Bayern-Landshut in the 15th century. The wedding of duke George with the Polish princess royal Jadwiga Jagiellon in 1475 was celebrated in Landshut with one of the most splendid festivals of the Middle Age (called "Landshuter hochzeit"). After his death and a short war of succession Lower-Bavaria Landshut was reunited with Bavaria-Munich.

Louis X, Duke of Bavaria built the Landshut Residence 1537-1543 after his visit in Italy. Louis bulit the first Renaissance palace constructed north of the Alps after the Palazzo Te in Mantua. William V, Duke of Bavaria ordered to upgrade Trausnitz Castle from a gothic fortification into a renaissance complex when he lived in Landshut as crown prince for ten years until 1579. Afterwards Landshut lost most of its importance until the Ingolstadt University was moved to Landshut in 1800. But already in 1826 the university was transferred to Munich.

During World War II, a subcamp of Dachau concentration camp was located in the city to provide slave labour to local industry.[1] Since the opening of the Munich airport close to Landshut in 1992 the city has become an attractive business location.

The Cathedral of St. Martin with its bell tower.
Enlarge
The Cathedral of St. Martin with its bell tower.

Main sights and culture

The city is of national importance because of its predominantly Gothic architecture within the historic city center, especially Trausnitz Castle and the Church of Saint Martin featuring the world's tallest brick-tower. It is also known for a festival celebrated every four years called the Landshuter Hochzeit, commemorating the 1475 marriage of George of Bavaria and Jadwiga Jagiellon.

Theatres

  • Stadttheater (city theatre)
  • Kleines Theater
  • Theater Nikola

Cinemas

  • Kinoptikum - Programmkino [1]
  • Kinopolis Landshut - Multiplexkino [2]
  • Burgtheater/Kühlhauskino

Museums

  • Skulpturenmuseum im Hofberg (Sculptural Museum in Hofberg)

Venues

  • Eisstadion am Gutenbergweg - Indoor Ice hockey arena, mainly used by the
  • Sparkassen-Arena - Mainly used for concerts and fairs
  • Grieserwiese - Giant parking located bewtween Wittstraße and the bank of the river Isar used for the annual Frühjahrs- und Bartlmädult

Businesses

  • BMW
  • Draexlmaier
  • Deutsche Telekom
  • ebmpapst
  • Endor AG
  • Renesas (formerly Hitachi)
  • Schott Glasa
  • T.D.T. Transfer Data Test GmbH
  • Josef Urzinger GmbH - Textile Mietdienste
  • Vishay

There are also two nuclear power plants located 14km away from Landshut, Isar I and Isar II.

Twinnings

People

Famous citizens

Honorary citizens

References

  1. ^ glosk.com/GM/Linde/17283/pages/List_of_subcamps_of_Dachau/84737_en.htm

External links

Flag of Bavaria   Urban and rural districts in the Free State of Bavaria in Germany    Flag of Germany
Urban
districts		 Amberg · Ansbach · Aschaffenburg · Augsburg · Bamberg · Bayreuth · Coburg · Erlangen · Fürth · Hof · Ingolstadt · Kaufbeuren · Kempten · Landshut · Memmingen · München (Munich) · Nürnberg (Nuremberg) · Passau · Regensburg · Rosenheim · Schwabach · Schweinfurt · Straubing · Weiden · Würzburg
Rural
districts		 Aichach-Friedberg · Altötting · Amberg-Sulzbach · Ansbach · Aschaffenburg · Augsburg · Bad Kissingen · Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen · Bamberg · Bayreuth · Berchtesgadener Land · Cham · Coburg · Dachau · Deggendorf · Dillingen · Dingolfing-Landau · Donau-Ries · Ebersberg · Eichstätt · Erding · Erlangen-Höchstadt · Forchheim · Freising · Freyung-Grafenau · Fürstenfeldbruck · Fürth · Garmisch-Partenkirchen · Günzburg · Haßberge · Hof · Kelheim · Kitzingen · Kronach · Kulmbach · Landsberg · Landshut · Lichtenfels · Lindau · Main-Spessart · Miesbach · Miltenberg · Mühldorf · München (Munich) · Neuburg-Schrobenhausen · Neumarkt · Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim · Neustadt (Waldnaab) · Neu-Ulm · Nürnberger Land · Oberallgäu · Ostallgäu · Passau · Pfaffenhofen · Regen · Regensburg · Rhön-Grabfeld · Rosenheim · Roth · Rottal-Inn · Schwandorf · Schweinfurt · Starnberg · Straubing-Bogen · Tirschenreuth · Traunstein · Unterallgäu · Weilheim-Schongau · Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen · Wunsiedel · Würzburg

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Columbia Encyclopedia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright © 2003, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. www.cc.columbia.edu/cu/cup/  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Landshut".  Read more

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