Lansoprazole

Lansoprazole
Systematic (IUPAC) name
2-([3-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)pyridin-2-yl]methylsulfinyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole
Identifiers
CAS number	103577-45-3
ATC code	A02BC03
PubChem	3883
DrugBank	APRD00077
ChemSpider	3746
Chemical data
Formula	C16H14F3N3O2S
Mol. mass	369.363 g/mol
SMILES	eMolecules & PubChem
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	80% or more
Protein binding	97%
Metabolism	Hepatic (CYP3A4- and CYP2C19-mediated)
Half life	1–1.5 hours
Excretion	Renal and fecal
Therapeutic considerations
Licence data	US FDA:link
Pregnancy cat.	B3(AU) B(US)
Legal status	Rx Only (US)
Routes	Oral, IV
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Lansoprazole (pronounced /lænˈsoʊprəzoʊl/, lan-SOE-pra-zole, INN) is a proton pump inhibitor which prevents the stomach from producing acid. It is manufactured by a number of companies worldwide under several brand names (some brand names include: Prevacid, Helicid, Zoton, Inhibitol). It was first approved by the FDA in 1995.^[1] Prevacid patent protection expires on Nov. 10, 2009.^[2]

Pharmacology

Lansoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) in the same pharmacologic class as omeprazole. Lansoprazole has been marketed for many years and is one of several PPIs available.^[3]

Lansoprazole's plasma elimination half-life is not proportional to the duration of the drug's effects (i.e. gastric acid suppression). The mean plasma elimination half-life is 1.5 hours,^[4] and the effects of the drug last for over 24 hours after it has been used for 1 day or more.^{[citation needed]}

Indications

Lansoprazole is indicated for:

• Treatment of ulcers of the stomach and duodenum, and NSAID-induced ulcers
• Treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (also known as acid reflux disease)
• Treatment of Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
• Adjunctive treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection, alongside antibiotics

Drug Interactions

• PPIs reduce absorption of antifungals (itraconazole and ketoconazole) and possibly increase Digoxin in plasma
• Increases plasma concentrations of Cilostazol (risk of toxicity)
• Absorption of lansoprazole possibly reduced by:
  • sucralfate
  • ampicillin
  • bisacodyl
  • delavirdine
  • fluvoxamine
  • iron salts
  • theophylline
  • voriconazole
  • aminophylline and theophylline
  • astemizole

Side effects

• Infrequent: dry mouth, insomnia, drowsiness, blurred vision, rash, pruritus
• Rarely and very rarely: taste disturbance, liver dysfunction, peripheral oedema, hypersensitivity reactions (including bronchospasm, urinary, angioedema, anaphylaxis), photosensitivity, fever, sweating, depression, interstitial nephritis, blood disorders (including leukopenia, leukocytosis, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia), arthralgia, myalgia, skin reactions (including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, bullous eruption)
• Severe: Gastro-intestinal disturbances (such as nausea 1.3%, abdominal pain 2.1%, diarrhea 3.8%).^[4]

Proton pump inhibitors may be associated with a greater risk of hip fractures,^[5] clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea.^[6] Patients are frequently administered the drugs in intensive care as a protective measure against ulcers, but this use is also associated with a 30% increase in occurrence of pneumonia.^[7]

Brand names

Prevacid 30 mg

The drug is sold under several brand names, including: ^[1]

• Agopton (Germany)
• Aprazol (Turkey)
• Digest (Indonesia)
• Duogast (Syria)
• Lanpro (India)
• Lanzol (India)
• Lanzul (Slovenia)
• Lansoptol (Hungary)
• Lansox (Italy)
• Lansoloc (South Africa)
• Lanton (Israel)
• Lanzor (France)
• Laprazol (Greece)
• Lanciprol (Greece)
• Limpidex (Italy)
• Monolitum (Spain)
• Ogast and OgastORO (France)
• Ogastro (Mexico)
• Prevacid (U.S. and Canada) Prevacid is a product of Takeda Pharmaceuticals.
• pro-ulco (Spain)
• Prosogan and Prosogan FD (Indonesia)
• Refluxon (Hungary)
• SOLOX (New Zealand)
• Takepron (Japan)
• Zoton (Italy, Ireland, Australia, UK)
• ZOMEL (Ireland)

Lansoprazole is also available as a generic drug in the UK, Canada, Belgium, France, Colombia, Italy and Mexico.

References

External links

• Prevacid (manufacturer's website)
• Prevacid Pediatrics (manufacturer's website)
• Prevpac (manufacturer's website)