letterform

A letterform, letter-form or letter form, is a term used especially in typography, paleography, calligraphy and epigraphy to mean a letter's shape.

In one sense, letterform applies strictly to the design of individual letters. In typography, "letterforms" is often used to describe the study and design of individual letters while typography applies to the design and use with letterforms. As such, "letterform" applies not only to letters but to any graphic elements of a script, typeface or font (including numbers, symbols and punctuation).

In another sense letterform applies to the individual shapes of letters that gives a text an aesthetic. In this way, medieval scholars, for instance, may discuss the particular features of a script that give it distinction and definition among other scripts. [1]

Depending on context, similar terms are sometimes used interchangeably - especially character but also sign, glyph and grapheme.

The history of letterforms is discussed in fields of study relating to materials used in writing. Epigraphy includes the study of letterforms carved in stone or other permanent materials. Paleography is the study of writing in ancient and medieval manuscripts. Calligraphy treats the letterforms of decorative writing, usually in ink. Typography includes the arrangement of letterforms designed for metal print or computer. More broadly letterforms may be discussed wherever letters appear stylistically - in graffiti for example.

References in related articles

• Letterforms in alphabets: Arabic alphabet, Cyrillic alphabet

• Letterforms in calligraphy: Man'yōgana, Hentaigana

• Letterforms in history: Long s, R rotunda

• Letterforms in technology: Typeface, Computer printer

References in external articles

• Letterforms in design: Is Gotham the New Interstate at The Morning News