The Lieutenant Governor of Indiana is elected on the same ticket as the Governor in a statewide election every four years. The Lieutenant Governor serves as President of the Indiana State Senate during his term, the head of the sate agricultural and rural affairs bureaus, and serves as the chairman of several state committees. The annual salary of the Lieutenant Governor of Indiana is $76,000.[1]
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Requirements
To become Lieutenant Governor of Indiana, a candidate must have been a United States Citizen and lived within Indiana for the period of five consecutive years before the election. The candidate must also be at least thirty years old when sworn into office. The Governor may not hold any other state or federal office during his term, and must resign from any such position before being eligible to be sworn in as Governor. Before taking the office, the candidate must swear an Oath of Office administered by the Chief Justice of the Indiana Supreme Court, promising to uphold the constitution and laws of Indiana.[2]
Succession
The lieutenant governor of Indiana serves as acting-governor when the governor becomes incapacitated or, in the state's early history, when the governor was away from the capitol. Christopher Harrison served as acting governor while Jonathan Jennings negotiated treaties far from the capitol.
If the governor dies in office, becomes permanently incapacitated, resigns, or is impeached, the lieutenant governor becomes governor. This has occurred twelve times in Indiana history, the first occurrence was when Jonathan Jennings resigned to become a congressman and was succeeded by Ratliff Boon. In total, ten lieutenant governors become governor by succession.
If the office of lieutenant governor becomes vacant, the position remains vacant until the next general election, but the Senate elects a Senate President pro tempore to take over the duties of the Lieutenant Governor. In the event that both the governorship and lieutenancy are vacant, the Senate President pro tempore becomes governor.
Powers
Constitutional
The Lieutenant Governor has two constitutional functions. The primary function is to serve as the President of the Indiana Senate where he is permitted to debate on legislation, introduce legislation, and vote on matters to break ties. His secondary function is to serve as a potential successor to the governorship should it become vacant during his term, or act as governor if necessary. If he should succeed to the governorship, as opposed to acting as governor, he vacates his office as Lieutenant Governor and as President of the Senate where his duties are taken over by the Senate-President-Pro-Tempore.[3]
Statutory
The majority of the Lieutenant Governor's powers are statutory and have been assigned by the Indiana General Assembly. The first extra powers granted to the Lieutenant Governor were added in 1932 when he was made the head of the state's agricultural commission. His powers have since been expanded making him chairman of the Office of Community and Rural Affairs, the Indiana Housing and Community Development Authority, Office of Energy and Defense Development, and the Office of Tourism Development.[3] As head of the various office and committees, the Lietenant Governor controls many patronage positions that he is permitted to fill be appointment. Important positions filled by the Lieutenant Governor include the members of the Corn Marketing Council, the Main Street Council, Steel Advisory Commission, and the Indiana Film Commission. In addition to the committees he chairs, he is also a participating member of the Natural Resources Committee, State Office Building Commission, Air Pollution Control Board, Water Pollution Control Board, and Solid Waste Management Board.[4]
Lieutenant Governors
There have been forty seven lieutenant governors of Indiana since Indiana became a state:
Democratic-Republican Democratic Whig Republican
| # | Name | Took office | Left office | Party | Governor | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Christopher Harrison | November 7, 1816 | December 17, 1818 | Democratic-Republican | Jonathan Jennings | [5][6][7] |
| 2 | Ratliff Boon | December 6, 1819 | September 22, 1822 | Democratic-Republican | Jonathan Jennings | [6][8] |
| 3 | John H. Thompson | December 6, 1822 | December 5, 1828 | Democratic-Republican | William Hendricks | [9] |
| 4 | Milton Stapp | December 6, 1828 | December 5, 1831 | Independent | James B. Ray | |
| 5 | David Wallace | December 6, 1831 | December 5, 1837 | Whig | Noah Noble | < |
| 6 | David Hillis | December 6, 1837 | December 5, 1840 | Whig | David Wallace | |
| 7 | Samuel Hall | December 6, 1840 | December 5, 1843 | Whig | Samuel Bigger | |
| 8 | Jesse D. Bright | December 6, 1843 | December 6, 1845 | Democrat | James Whitcomb | [6][10][11] |
| 9 | Paris C. Dunning | December 6, 1846 | December 26, 1848 | Democrat | James Whitcomb | [8][12] |
| 10 | James H. Lane | December 6, 1849 | December 5, 1853 | Democrat | Joseph A. Wright | |
| 11 | Ashbel P. Willard | December 6, 1853 | January 12, 1857 | Democrat | Joseph A. Wright | |
| 12 | Abram A. Hammond | January 14, 1857 | October 4, 1860 | Democrat | Ashbel P. Willard | [8][13] |
| 13 | Oliver P. Morton | January 14, 1861 | January 16, 1861 | Republican | Henry S. Lane | [8] |
| — | John R. Cravens | January 16, 1861 | October 9, 1863 | Republican | Oliver P. Morton | acting[14] |
| — | Paris C. Dunning | October 9, 1863 | January 16, 1865 | Democrat | Oliver P. Morton | acting[15] |
| 14 | Conrad Baker | January 16, 1865 | January 23, 1867 | Republican | Oliver P. Morton | [8] |
| 15 | Will Cumback | January 24, 1869 | January 13, 1873 | Republican | Conrad Baker | [6][16][17] |
| 16 | Leonidas Sexton | January 13, 1873 | January 8, 1877 | Republican | Thomas Hendricks | |
| 17 | Isaac P. Gray | January 8, 1877 | November 20, 1880 | Democrat | James D. Williams | [8] |
| — | Fredrick Vieche | November 20, 1880 | January 8, 1881 | Democrat | Isaac P. Gray | acting[18] |
| 18 | Thomas Hanna | January 8, 1881 | November 20, 1885 | Republican | Albert G. Porter | |
| 19 | Mahlon D. Manson | January 12, 1885 | August 3, 1886 | Democrat | Isaac P. Gray | [6] |
| – | Alonzo G. Smith | November 8, 1886 | January 14, 1889 | Democrat | Isaac P. Gray | acting[19] |
| 20 | Ira J. Chase | January 14, 1889 | November 23, 1891 | Republican | Alvin P. Hovey | acting[8][20] |
| — | Francis M. Griffin | November 23, 1891 | January 9, 1893 | Republican | Ira J. Chase | acting[21] |
| 21 | Mortimer Nye | January 9, 1893 | January 11, 1897 | Democrat | Claude Matthews | |
| 22 | William S. Haggard | January 9, 1897 | January 11, 1901 | Republican | James A. Mount | |
| 23 | Newton W. Gilbert | January 11, 1901 | January 14, 1905 | Republican | Winfield T. Durbin | |
| 24 | Hugh Thomas Miller | January 9, 1905 | January 11, 1909 | Republican | J. Frank Hanly | |
| 25 | Frank J. Hall | January 11, 1909 | January 13, 1913 | Democrat | Thomas R. Marshall | |
| 26 | William P. O'Neill | January 13, 1913 | January 8, 1917 | Democrat | Samuel M. Ralston | |
| 27 | Edgar D. Bush | January 8, 1917 | January 10, 1921 | Republican | James P. Goodrich | |
| 28 | Emmett F. Branch | January 10, 1921 | April 30, 1924 | Republican | Warren T. McCray | [8] |
| — | James J. Nejdl | April 30, 1924 | January 12, 1925 | Republican | Warren T. McCray | acting[22] |
| 29 | F. Harold Van Orman | January 12, 1925 | January 14, 1929 | Republican | Ed Jackson | |
| 30 | Edgar D. Bush | January 14, 1929 | January 9, 1933 | Republican | Harry G. Leslie | |
| 31 | M. Clifford Townsend | January 9, 1933 | January 13, 1937 | Democrat | Paul V. McNutt | |
| 32 | Henry F. Schricker | January 13, 1937 | January 8, 1941 | Democrat | M. Clifford Townsend | |
| 33 | Charles M. Dawson | January 8, 1941 | January 10, 1945 | Democrat | Henry F. Schricker | |
| 34 | Richard T. James | January 10, 1945 | January 12, 1948 | Republican | Ralph F. Gates | |
| 35 | John A. Watkins | January 12, 1948 | 1949 | Democrat | Henry F. Schricker | [6] |
| 36 | Rue J. Alexander | 1949 | January 12, 1953 | Democrat | Henry F. Schricker | |
| 37 | Harold W. Handley | January 12, 1953 | January 14, 1957 | Republican | George N. Craig | |
| 38 | Crawford F. Parker | January 14, 1957 | January 9, 1961 | Republican | Harold W. Handley | |
| 39 | Richard O. Ristine | January 9, 1961 | January 13, 1965 | Republican | Matthew E. Welsh | |
| 40 | Robert L. Rock | January 13, 1965 | January 19, 1969 | Democrat | Roger D. Branigin | |
| 41 | Richard E. Folz | January 19, 1969 | January 9, 1973 | Republican | Edgar D. Whitcomb | |
| 42 | Robert D. Orr | January 9, 1973 | January 13, 1981 | Republican | Otis R. Bowen | |
| 43 | John M. Mutz | January 9, 1981 | January 13, 1989 | Republican | Robert D. Orr | |
| 44 | Frank O'Bannon | January 9, 1989 | January 13, 1997 | Democrat | B. Evans "Evan" Bayh III | |
| 45 | Joseph E. Kernan | January 13, 1997 | September 13, 2003 | Democrat | Frank O'Bannon | [8] |
| 46 | Katherine "Kathy" Davis | October 20, 2003 | January 10, 2005 | Democrat | Joseph E. Kernan | |
| 47 | Becky Skillman | January 10, 2005 | Present | Republican | Mitch Daniels |
Notes
- ^ "Information Maintained by the Office of Code Revision Indiana Legislative Services Agency". State of Indiana. 2008-11-22. http://www.in.gov/legislative/ic/code/title4/ar2/ch1.html. Retrieved 2008-11-23.
- ^ "Constitution of Indiana, Article Five". Indiana University. http://www.law.indiana.edu/uslawdocs/inconst/art-5.html. Retrieved 2008-07-23.
- ^ a b Indiana Chamber, p. 13
- ^ Indiana Commission, p. 14
- ^ Was acting Governor
- ^ a b c d e f Resigned from office
- ^ James Beggs was elected Senate Pro Tempore by the Senate to fill the vacancy created by the resignation of Christopher Harrison. He held the position until the election of Ratliff Boon (Funk, p. 206)
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Was elevated to Governor during his term
- ^ Served two terms
- ^ Became a United States Senator
- ^ Godlove S. Orth, a Whig, was elected Senate Pro Tempore by the Senate to fill the vacancy created by the resignation of Jesse B. Bright. He held the position until the election of Paris Dunning (Funk, p. 206)
- ^ James G. Read was elected Senate Pro Tempore by the Senate to fill the vacancy created by the elevation of Paris Dunning to the governorship. He held the position until the election of James Lane (Funk, p. 206)
- ^ The Senate did not elect a Senate Pro Tempore following Hammond's succession as governor and the position remained vacant until the election of Oliver Morton (Funk, p. 206)
- ^ After Morton's elevation to Governor, John R. Cravens served as acting-lieutenant governor from 1861–1863(Funk, p. 206)
- ^ After the resignation of John R. Cravens, Paris C. Dunning served as acting-lieutenant governor from 1863–1865 (Funk, p. 206)
- ^ After Bakers elevation to the governorship Will Cumback served as acting-lieutenant governor until his election in 1869
- ^ George W. Finley served as acting-lieutenant governor following the resignation of Will Cumback until the election of Leonidas Sexton. (Funk, p. 206)
- ^ Fredrick Vieche served as acting-lieutenant governor following the elevation of Isaac Gray to the governorship until the election of Thomas Hanna.
- ^ At the General Election in November of 1886 both parties entered candidates to fill the vacancy created by the resignation of Mahlon Manson. Robert S. Robertston, Republican, was elected and sworn into office on January 10, 1886. The Democrat controlled Senate refused to seat him, declaring that the seat was not vacant and the election was invalid. The Senate then elected Alonzo G. Smith to serve as acting-lieutenant governor until the election of Ira Chase. The Indiana Supreme Court ordered the senate to seat Robertson, but violence broke out when he attempted to enter the chamber, preventing him from ever taking office. (Funk, p 204)
- ^ Francis M. Griffin served as acting-lieutenant governor following the elevation of Ira Chase to the governorship, he served until the election of Mortimer Nye.
- ^ Francis M. Griffin served as acting-lieutenant governor following the elevation of Ira Chase to the governorship, he served until the election of Mortimer Nye. (Funk, p. 204)
- ^ James J. Nejdl served as acting-lieutenant governor following the elevation of Emmett Branch to the governorship until the election of Harold Van Orman.
See also
References
- Funk, Arville (1969, revised 1983). A Sketchbook of Indiana History. Rochester, Indiana: Christian Book Press.
- "Lieutenant Governors". Indiana Historical Bureau. http://www.in.gov/history/2425.htm. Retrieved 2009-01-10.
- Indiana Chamber (2007). Here's Your Indiana Government. Indiana Camber of Commerce. ISBN 9781883698799.
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