List of battles before 601

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Before 500 BC

5th century BC

4th century BC

• 398 BC Siege of Motya Phoenician city Motya sacked.
• 397 BC Battle of Messene Ionian Greek city Messene sacked.
• 397 BC Battle of Catana (397 BC) Greek fleet defeated.
• 396 BC Battle of Veii Romans complete conquest of Etruscans
• 395 BC Battle of Haliartus The Spartan general Lysander is killed in a Spartan defeat to the Thebans
• 394 BC -
  • Battle of Nemea Spartans defeat the Thebans Athenians Argives and Corinthians.
  • Battle of Cnidus The Spartan fleet under Peisander is utterly destroyed by the Persian-Athenian fleet of Conon
  • Battle of Coronea King Agesilaus II of Sparta defeats the Thebans.
• 391 BC Battle of Lechaeum Iphicrates of Athens defeats Sparta during the Corinthian War.
• 390 BC Battle of the Allia The Gauls defeat the Romans, leading to the Gallic sack of Rome
• 389 BC Battle of the Elleporus Dionysius I of Syracuse defeats the Italiote League, securing his domination of Greek Southern Italy.
• 387 BC Battle of Syracuse (387 BC) Battle between Syracuse and Carthage. Part of the Sicilian Wars.
• 386 BC Siege of Rhegium Dionysius I of Syracuse conquers the city and sells the inhabitants into slavery.
• 376 BC Battle of Naxos The Athenians under Chabrias defeat the Spartans at sea.
• 375 BC Battle of Tegyra Pelopidas of Thebes defeats Sparta.
• 371 BC Battle of Leuctra Spartans under king Cleombrotus lose to the Thebans under Epaminondas - Cleombrotus is killed. This ends the period of Spartan domination of Greece
• 364 BC Battle of Cynoscephalae The Thebans under Pelopidas fight a drawn battle with Alexander of Pherae in Thessaly. Pelopidas is killed
• 362 BC Battle of Mantinea The Thebans and their allies, under Epaminondas, defeat the Spartans and Athenians, but Epaminondas himself is killed, ending the brief period of Theban domination
• 356 BC Battle of Embata Athenians under Chares, Iphicrates and Timotheos are defeated by the Chians at Chios, Greece.
• 353 BC -
  • Battle of Crocus Field Philip II of Macedon defeats the Phocians in the Third Sacred War
  • Battle of Thermopylae (353 BC)
  • Battle of Guiling Tian Ji and Sun Bin of Qi defeat Pang Juan of Wei at HanDan during the Warring States period of China.
• 342 BC -
  • Battle of Mount Gaurus Roman general Marcus Valerius Corvus defeats the Samnites
  • Battle of Maling Tian Ji and Sun Bin of Qi again defeat Pang Juan of Wei, this time at Dazhangija Town, at Shen County, in Henan Province.
• 341 BC Battle of Suessula The Roman Republic beats the Samnites, but is forced to withdraw due to the revolt of several of its Latin allies.
• 340 BC Battle of the Crimissus Timoleon defeats the Carthaginian invaders of Sicily
• 340 BC Siege of Byzantium by Philip II of Macedonia
• 339 BC - Battle of Vesuvius - Romans under P. Decius Mus and T. Manlius Imperiosus defeat the rebellious Latins.
• 338 BC -
  • 2 August Battle of Chaeronea Philip of Macedon crushes Athens and Thebes in their struggle to maintain their independence
  • Battle of Trifanum Roman general T. Manlius Imperiosus decisively defeats the Latins.
• 334 BC Battle of the Granicus - Alexander the Great defeats the Persian army in Western Asia Minor
• 333 BC -
  • Battle of Issus - Alexander the Great defeats the main Persian army under King Darius III in northern Syria.
  • Siege of Gordium Parmenion, in the absence of Alexander, captures the city of Gordium from the Persian Achaemenid Empire, annexing all Anatolia to Macedon.
• 332 BC -
  • Siege of Tyre Alexander the Great besieges the city.
  • Siege of Gaza Alexander the Great, commander of the Macedonian forces and their Greek allies, takes Gaza from the Persian Batis, gaining Egypt.
• 331 BC -
  • Battle of Pandosia Alexander of Epirus, the uncle of Alexander the Great, is defeated and killed in Italy by the Samnites.
  • Battle of Megalopolis Antipater, Alexander's regent in Macedon and Greece, defeats the Spartans under King Agis III
  • Battle of Gaugamela 1 October Alexander the Great defeats Darius III in Mesopotamia and conquers Persia
• 330 BC Battle of the Persian Gate
• 327 BC -
  • Capture of Neapolis The Samnites take the city of Neapolis from Rome.
  • Siege of the Sogdian Rock Alexander the Great of the now Macedonian Empire takes the fortress of the Sogdian Rock or Rock of Ariamazes from the Sogdians, gaining all Sogdiana.
  • Siege of Aornos Alexander the Great takes the fortress of Aornos in the gorges of the Upper Indus.
• 326 BC Battle of the Hydaspes Alexander defeats the Indian King Porus
• 322 BC Battle of Crannon Lamian War
• 321 BC Battle of the Caudine Forks The Romans under Spurius Postumius and T. Verturius Calvinus are defeated by the Samnites under Gaius Pontius.
• 317 BC Battle of Paraitacene Antigonus Monophthalmus vs. Eumenes
• 316 BC
  • Battle of Lautulae The Romans are defeated by the Samnites.
  • Battle of Gabiene Antigonus Monophthalmus vs. Eumenes
• 312 BC Battle of Gaza Ptolemy I of Egypt vs. Demetrius I Poliorcetes
• 311 BC Battle of Himera The Carthaginian general Hamilcar defeats the tyrant Agathocles of Syracuse, which is then besieged.
• 310 BC Battle of Lake Vadimo The Romans defeat the Etruscans.
• 306 BC Battle of Salamis in Cyprus (306 BC) Demetrius I Poliorcetes defeats the fleet of Menelaeus, brother of Ptolemy I
• 305 BC Battle of Bovianum The Roman consuls M. Fulvius and L. Postumius decisiviely defeat the Samnites to end the Second Samnite War.
• 305-304 BC Siege of Rhodes Rhodian commander Ares, alongside with his Seleucid and Ptolemaic allies, repels a siege of the Antigonids, led by Demetrius Poliorcetes.
• 301 BC Battle of Ipsus Antigonus Monophthalmus is defeated and killed by Seleucus and Lysimachus

3rd century BC

• 298 BC Battle of Camerinum - The Samnites defeat the Romans under Lucius Cornelius Scipio in the first battle of the Third Samnite War.
• 297 BC Battle of Tifernum
• 295 BC Battle of Sentinum - The Romans under Fabius Rullianus and Publius Decimus Mus defeat the Samnites and their Etruscan and Gallic allies, forcing the Etruscans, Gauls, and Umbrians to make peace
• 293 BC -
  • Battle of Aquilonia - The Romans decisively defeat the Samnites.
  • Battle of Yique
• 284 BC Battle of Arretium A Roman army under Lucius Caecilius is destroyed by the Gauls
• 283 BC Battle of Lake Vadimo A Roman army under P. Cornelius Dolabello defeats the Etruscans and Gauls.
• 282 BC Battle of Populonia Etruscan resistance to Roman domination of Italy is finally crushed.
• 281 BC Battle of Corupedium - Last battle in the wars of the Diadochi. Seleucus defeats and kills Lysimachus.
• 280 BC Battle of Heraclea First engagement of Roman and Greek armies, the latter led by Pyrrhus of Epirus, who is victorious.
• 279 BC -
  • Battle of Asculum - Pyrrhus again defeats the Romans, at a great cost.
  • Battle of Thermopylae (279 BC)
• 275 BC Battle of Beneventum - Pyrrhus fights Rome one last time in this inconclusive draw, but elects to leave Italy afterwards.
• 269 BC - Battle of Yanyu
• 262 BC Battle of Agrigentum - Carthaginian forces under Hannibal Gisco and Hanno are defeated by the Romans, giving them control of most of Sicily.
• 260 BC -
  • Battle of Changping Maybe the most bloody battle. Army of Qin under Bai Qi routed army of Zhao and massacred 500,000 prisoners of war. Military superiority of Qin over all other states of China. Unification became a matter of time.
  • Battle of the Lipara Islands - A Roman naval force is defeated by the Carthaginians
  • Battle of Mylae - A Roman naval force under C. Duillius defeats the Carthaginian fleet, giving Rome control of the western Mediterranean.
• 258 BC -
  • Battle of Cos Naval victory of Antigonus II Gonatas over Ptolemy II
  • Battle of Sulci Minor Roman naval victory during First Punic War.
• 257 BC - Battle of Tyndaris Sicilian town captured by Rome.
• 256 BC Battle of Cape Ecnomus A Carthaginian fleet under Hamilcar and Hanno is defeated in an attempt to stop a Roman invasion of Africa by Marcus Atilius Regulus.
• 255 BC -
  • Battle of Adys The Romans under Regulus defeat the Carthaginians in North Africa
  • Battle of Tunis The Carthaginians under Xanthippus, a Greek mercenary, defeat the Romans under Regulus, who is captured.
• 251 BC Battle of Panormus - Carthaginian forces under Hasdrubal are defeated by the Romans under L. Caecilius Metellus.
• 249 BC Battle of Drepana - Carthaginians under Adherbal defeat the fleet of Roman admiral Claudius Pulcher.
• 246 BC Battle of Andros
• 241 BC -
  • Battle of the Aegates Islands Roman sea victory over the Carthaginians, ending the First Punic War
• 239 BC -
  • Battle of the Bagradas River (239 BC)
  • Battle of "The Saw"
• 238 BC Battle of Utica Rebellious Carthaginian mercenaries are defeated by the loyal troops of Hamilcar Barca
• 226 BC Battle of Dyme
• 225 BC -
  • Battle of Faesulae The Romans are defeated by the Gauls of Northern Italy.
  • Battle of Telamon The Romans under Aemilius Papus and Caius Atilius Regulus defeat the Gauls.
• 222 BC -
  • Battle of Clastidium The Romans under Marcus Claudius Marcellus defeat the Gauls.
  • Battle of Sellasia Defeat of Cleomenes III of Sparta by Antigonus Doson of Macedon and the Achaean League
• 218 BC -
  • Siege of Saguntum
  • Battle of Lilybaeum
  • Battle of Rhone Crossing
  • Battle of the Ticinus (November) Hannibal defeats the Romans under Publius Cornelius Scipio the elder in a small cavalry fight.
  • Battle of the Trebia Hannibal defeats the Romans under Tiberius Sempronius Longus, who had foolishly attacked.
  • Battle of Cissa
• 217 BC -
  • Battle of Lake Trasimene 24 June- In an ambush, Hannibal destroys the Roman army of Gaius Flaminius, who is killed.
  • Battle of Ebro River
  • Battle of Ager Falernus
  • Battle of Geronium
  • Battle of Raphia 22 June - Antiochus III the Great is defeated by Ptolemy IV
• 216 BC -
  • Battle of Cannae 2 August - Hannibal destroys the Roman army of Lucius Aemilius Paulus and Publius Terentius Varro in what is considered one of the great masterpieces of the tactical art.
  • First Battle of Nola The Roman general Marcus Claudius Marcellus holds off an attack by Hannibal.
• 215 BC -
  • Battle of Dertosa
  • Second Battle of Nola Marcellus again repulses an attack by Hannibal.
  • Battle of Cornus
• 214 BC -
  • Third Battle of Nola Marcellus fights an inconclusive battle with Hannibal.
  • Battle of Beneventum - Tiberius Gracchus' slave legions defeat Hanno (son of Bomlicar) and, therefore, deny Hannibal his reinforcements.
  • Siege of Syracuse (214–212 BC) begins, with the forces Roman general Marcellus being kept at bay by the inventions of Archimedes.
• 212 BC -
  • Battle of Tarentum (212 BC)
  • First Battle of Capua Hannibal defeats the consuls Q. Fulvius Flaccus and Appius Claudius, but the Roman army escapes
  • Battle of Beneventum (212 BC)
  • Battle of the Silarus Hannibal destroys the army of the Roman praetor M. Centenius Penula.
  • Battle of Herdonia Hannibal destroys the Roman army of the praetor Gnaeus Fulvius.
• 211 BC -
  • Battle of the Upper Baetis Publius and Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio are killed in battle with the Carthaginians under Hannibal's brother Hasdrubal Barca
  • Second Battle of Capua Hannibal is unable to break the Roman siege of the city.
• 210 BC -
  • Second Battle of Herdonia Hannibal destroys the Roman army of Fulvius Centumalus, who is killed
  • Battle of Numistro Hannibal defeats Marcellus once more
• 209 BC -
  • First Battle of Lamia Philip V of Macedon defeats an Aetolian force under Phyrrhias.
  • Second Battle of Lamia Philip V of Macedon again defeats Phyrrhias.
  • Battle of the Arius Antiochus III defeats the Parthians
  • Battle of Asculum Hannibal once again defeats Marcellus, in an indecisive battle
  • Battle of Tarentum (209 BC)
• 208 BC Battle of Baecula The Romans in Spain under P. Cornelius Scipio the Younger defeat Hasdrubal Barca
• 207 BC -
  • Battle of Grumentum The Roman general Gaius Claudius Nero fights an indecisive battle with Hannibal, then escapes north to confront Hannibal's brother Hasdrubal Barca, who has invaded Italy
  • Battle of Julu - Xiang Yu destroys the main Qin army for control of China
  • Battle of the Metaurus - Hasdrubal is defeated and killed by Nero's Roman army.
  • Battle of Cartagena (207 BC)
  • Battle of Mantinea Philopoemen of the Achaean League defeats the Spartans under Machanidas, who is killed
• 206 BC Battle of Ilipa Scipio again decisively defeats the remaining Carthaginian forces in Spain.
• 205 BC -
  • Battle of Jingxing - Han Xin, with an army of 30,000 levies, defeats a numerically larger army of the Zhao near Jingxing (Jing Gorge)
  • Battle of Tao River - Han Xin, positioning his army with a river behind them to make them fight to the death, defeats a Zhao army, killing Chen Yu and capturing Zhao Xie, the Prince of Zhao.
• 204 BC -
  • Battle of Crotona - Hannibal fights a drawn battle against the Roman general Sempronius in Southern Italy.
  • Battle of Utica (204 BC)
  • Battle of Wei River - Han Xin defeats a joint Qi and Western Chu army by building a temporary dam, luring his enemies into the river, and opening the dam to drown them.
• 203 BC -
  • Battle of Utica (203 BC)
  • Battle of Bagbrades The Romans under Scipio defeat the Carthaginian army of Hasdrubal Gisco and Syphax. Hannibal is sent to return to Africa.
  • Battle of Cirta
  • Po Valley Raid
• 202 BC -
  • Battle of Zama 19 October - Scipio Africanus Major decisively defeats Hannibal in North Africa, ending the Second Punic War
  • Battle of Gaixia
• 201 BC -
  • Battle of Chios Philip V of Macedon is defeated at sea by the Egyptians, Rhodians, and Pergamese
  • Battle of Lade (201 BC)
• 200 BC -
  • Battle of Cremona Roman forces defeat the Gauls of Cisalpine Gaul
  • Battle of Baideng

2nd century BC

• 198 BC -
  • Battle of Panium Antiochus III the Great secures the conquest of Syria and Israel from Egypt with this victory
  • Battle of the Aous Roman forces under Titus Quinctius Flamininus defeat the Macedonians under Philip V
• 197 BC Battle of Cynoscephalae Romans under Flamininus decisively defeats Philip in Thessaly
• 194 BC -
  • Battle of Mutina Roman victory over the Gauls
  • Battle of Gythium With some Roman assistance, Philopoemen of the Achaean League defeats the Spartans under Nabis
• 191 BC Battle of Thermopylae Romans under Manius Acilius Glabrio defeat Antiochus III the Great and force him to evacuate Greece
• 190 BC -
  • Battle of the Eurymedon Roman forces under Lucius Aemilius Regillus defeat a Seleucid fleet commanded by Hannibal, fighting his last battle.
  • Battle of Myonessus Another Seleucid fleet is defeated by the Romans
  • Battle of Magnesia (December) (near Smyrna) Romans under Lucius Cornelius Scipio and his brother Scipio Africanus Major defeat Antiochus III the Great in the decisive victory of the war.
• 189 BC Battle of Mount Olympus
• 171 BC Battle of Callicinus Perseus of Macedon defeats a Roman army under Publius Licinius Crassus.
• 168 BC Battle of Pydna 22 June - Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus defeat and capture Macedonian King Perseus, ending the Third Macedonian War
• 167 BC Battle of Wadi Haramia
• 166 BC -
  • Battle of Beth Horon The Jewish rebel leader Judas Maccabaeus defeats the Seleucids.
  • Battle of Emmaus Judas Maccabeus again defeats the Seleucids
• 164 BC Battle of Beth Zur Another victory of Judas Maccabaeus over the Seleucids, leading to the recapture of Jerusalem by the rebels
• 162 BC Battle of Beth Zachariah The Seleucid regent Lysias defeats the Jewish rebels
• 161 BC Battle of Adasa In his last victory, Judas Maccabaeus defeats the Seleucid general Nicanor.
• 160 BC Battle of Elasa Jewish leader Judas Maccabaeus is defeated and killed by the Selucid army of Bacchides
• 148 BC Battle of Pydna - The forces of the Macedonian pretender Andriscus are defeated by the Romans under Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus in the decisive engagement of the Fourth Macedonian War
• 146 BC -
  • Battle of Carthage (c.149 BC) ends - Scipio Africanus Minor captures and destroys Carthage, ending the Third Punic War
  • Battle of Corinth - The Romans under Lucius Mummius defeat the Achaean League forces of Critolaus, who is killed. Greece comes under direct Roman rule.
• 145 BC Battle of Antioch Ptolemy VI Philometor defeats the Seleucid usurper Alexander Balas, but is killed in the fighting
• 133 BC -
  • Siege of Numantia
  • Battle of Mayi
• 129 BC Battle of Ecbatana The Seleucid King Antiochus VII Sidetes is defeated and killed by the Parthians under Phraates II, ending any pretense of Seleucid control over Media or Mesopotamia.
• 119 BC Battle of Mobei
• 112 BC Battle of Noreia Cimbrian victory during Cimbrian War.
• 108 BC -
  • Battle of the Muthul Roman forces under Caecilius Metellus defeat the forces of Jugurtha of Numidia
  • Battle of Loulan
• 105 BC Battle of Arausio 6 October - Cimbri inflict a major defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus
• 102 BC Battle of Aquae Sextae The Romans under Gaius Marius defeat Teutons
• 101 BC Battle of Vercellae The Romans under Marius defeat the Cimbri, who are entirely annihilated.

1st century BC

• 89 BC -
  • Battle of Fucine Lake Roman forces under Lucius Porcius Cato are defeated by the Italian rebels in the Social War
  • Battle of Asculum The Roman army of C. Pompeius Strabo decisively defeats the rebels in the Social War.
• 88 BC -
  • Battle of the River Amnias Mithridatic forces defeat Nicomedes IV of Bithynia.
  • Battle of Mount Scorobas Mithridatic forces under Archelaus defeat the Romans under Manius Aquilius.
• 86 BC -
  • Battle of Tenedos Naval victory for Lucius Licinius Lucullus during the First Mithridatic War.
  • Battle of Chaeronea The Roman forces of Lucius Cornelius Sulla defeat the Pontic forces of Archelaus in the First Mithridatic War
• 85 BC Battle of Orchomenus Sulla again defeats Archelaus in the decisive battle of the First Mithridatic War.
• 83 BC Battle of Mount Tifata Sulla defeats the popular forces of Caius Norbanus in the First Roman Civil War.
• 82 BC Battle of the Colline Gate (November) - Sulla defeats Samnites allied to the popular party in Rome in the decisive battle of the Civil War.
• 80 BC Battle of the Baetis River Rebel forces under Quintus Sertorius defeat the legal Roman forces of Lucius Fulfidias in Spain.
• 74 BC Battle of Cyzicus Roman forces under Lucius Lucullus defeat the forces of Mithridates VI of Pontus
• 72 BC Battle of Cabira Lucullus again defeats Mithridates, overrunning Pontus
• 69 BC Battle of Tigranocerta Lucullus defeats the army of Tigranes II of Armenia, who was harboring his father-in-law Mithridates VI of Pontus
• 68 BC Battle of Artaxata Lucullus again defeats Tigranes.
• 67 BC -
  • Battle of Korakesion
  • Battle of Jushi
• 66 BC Battle of the Lycus Pompey the Great decisively defeats Mithridates VI, effectively ending the Third Mithridatic War
• 62 BC Battle of Pistoria (January) - The forces of the conspirator Catiline are defeated by the loyal Roman armies under Gaius Antonius.
• 58 BC -
  • Battle of the Arar (Saone) (June) - Caesar defeats the migrating Helvetii
  • Battle of Bibracte (July) - Caesar again defeats the Helvetii, this time decisively.
  • September Caesar decisively defeats the forces of the Germanic chieftain Ariovistus near modern Belfort
  • Battle of Vosges (58 BC)
• 57 BC -
  • Battle of the Axona (Aisne) Caesar defeats the forces of the Belgae under King Galba of Suessiones.
  • Battle of the Sabis (Sambre) Caesar defeats the Nervii.
  • Battle of Octodurus
• 53 BC Battle of Carrhae The Roman Triumvir Crassus is defeated and killed by the Parthians
• 52 BC
  • Battle of Bovillae
  • Battle of Gergovia Caesar is defeated by Vercingetorix
  • Battle of Alesia Caesar defeats the Gallic rebel Vercingetorix, completing the Roman conquest of Transalpine Gaul.
• 49 BC -
  • Siege of Massilia
  • Battle of Ilerda
  • Battle of Utica (49 BC)
  • Battle of the Bagradas River 24 August - Caesar's general Gaius Curio is defeated in North Africa by the Pompeians under Attius Varus and King Juba I of Numidia. Curio commits suicide.
• 48 BC -
  • Battle of Dyrrhachium (48 BC) 10 July Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia
  • Battle of Pharsalus 9 Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey, who flees to Egypt
  • Battle of Nicopolis (48 BC)
• 47 BC -
  • February Battle of the Nile Caesar defeats the forces of the Egyptian king Ptolemy XIII
  • Siege of Alexandria (47 BC)
  • May Battle of Zela Caesar defeats Pharnaces II of Pontus. This is the battle where he famously said Veni, vidi, vici. (I came, I saw, I conquered.)
• 46 BC -
  • Battle of Ruspina 4 January - Caesar loses perhaps as much as a third of his army to Titus Labienus.
  • Battle of Thapsus 6 February - Caesar defeats the Pompeian army of Metellus Scipio in North Africa.
• 45 BC Battle of Munda 17 March - In his last victory, Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Gnaeus Pompey the Younger in Spain. Labienus is killed in the battle and the Younger Pompey captured and executed.
• 43 BC -
  • Battle of Forum Gallorum 14 April - Antony, besieging Caesar's assassin Decimus Brutus in Mutina, defeats the forces of the consul Pansa, who is killed, but is then immediately defeated by the army of the other consul, Hirtius
  • Battle of Mutina 21 April - Antony is again defeated in battle by Hirtius, who is killed. Although Antony fails to capture Mutina, Decimus Brutus is murdered shortly thereafter.
• 42 BC -
  • First Battle of Philippi 3 October - The Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight an indecisive battle with Caesar's assassins Marcus Brutus and Cassius. Although Brutus defeats Octavian, Antony defeats Cassius, who commits suicide.
  • Second Battle of Philippi 23 October - Brutus's army is decisively defeated by Antony and Octavian. Brutus escapes, but commits suicide soon after.
• 40 BC Battle of Perugia Mark Antony's brother Lucius Antonius and his wife Fulvia are defeated by Octavian. Fulvian is exiled.
• 36 BC -
  • Battle of Naulochus Octavian's fleet, under the command of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa defeats the forces of the rebel Pompey.
  • Battle of Zhizhi
• 31 BC Battle of Actium 2 September - Octavian decisively defeats Antony and Cleopatra in a naval battle near Greece
• 30 BC Battle of Alexandria 31 July - Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian's forces, but most of his army subsequently deserts, leading to his suicide.
• 11 BC Battle of the Lupia River Roman forces under Augustus's stepson Drusus win a victory in Germany.

1st century

• 9 Battle of the Teutoburg Forest The German leader Arminius defeats the Roman legions of Publius Quinctilius Varus
• 16 Battle of the Weser River Legions under Germanicus defeat German tribes of Arminius
• 23 Battle of Kunyang After being sieged for 2 months, 9000 insurgents under Liu Xiu defeat 450,000 of Wang Mang's troops, ushering in the fall of Wang Mang and restoration of Han Dynasty.
• 43 Battle of the Medway Claudius and general Aulus Plautius defeat a confederation of British Celtic tribes. Roman invasion of Britain begins.
• 50 Battle of Caer Caradock The British chieftain Caractacus is defeated and captured by the Romans under Ostorius Scapula.
• 60-61 Massacre of the Ninth Legion
• 61 Battle of Watling Street The uprising of the British queen Boudica against the Romans is defeated by Suetonius Paullinus
• 62 Battle of Rhandeia Romans under Lucius Caesennius Paetus are defeated by a Parthian-Armenian army under King Tiridates of Parthia.
• 66 Battle of Beth Horon (66)
• 69 -
  • 14 April Battle of Bedriacum Vitellius, commander of the Rhine armies, defeats Emperor Otho and seizes the throne.
  • 24 October Second Battle of Bedriacum Forces under Antonius Primus, the commander of the Danube armies, loyal to Vespasian, defeat the forces of Emperor Vitellius.
  • Battle of Locus Castrorum
• 70 Siege of Jerusalem (70)
• 71 Battle of Stanwick
• 73 Battle of Yiwulu
• 84 Battle of Mons Graupius The Romans under Agricola defeat the Caledonians.
• 87,88 First Battle of Tapae between Domitian and Dacia
• 89 Battle of Ikh Bayan

2nd century

• 101 Second Battle of Tapae - Trajan defeats Decebalus, ending the Trajan's Dacian Wars.
• 102 Battle of Adamclisi
• 106 Battle of Sarmisegetusa
• 165 Battle of Ctesiphon (165)
• 190 Battle of Xingyang - Dong Zhuo emerges victorious against Cao Cao
• 191 -
  • Battle of Jieqiao - Yuan Shao's infantry repulses a cavalry charge by rival warlord Gongsun Zan
  • Battle of Yangcheng - Yuan Shao was beaten back by Sun Jian
  • Battle of Xiangyang (191) - Liu Biao emerges victorious against Sun Jian
• 193 -
  • Battle of Cyzicus - Septimius Severus, the new Emperor, defeats his eastern rival Pescennius Niger
  • Battle of Nicaea - Severus again defeats Niger
  • Battle of Fengqiu - Cao Cao emerges victorious against Yuan Shu
• 194 -
  • Battle of Issus - Severus finally defeats Niger.
  • Battle of Yan Province - Cao Cao and Lü Bu battle for control of the region
• 197 -
  • Battle of Lugdunum - 19 February Emperor Septimius Severus defeats and kills his rival Clodius Albinus, securing full control over the Empire.
  • Battle of Wancheng - Cao Cao flees after Zhang Xiu attack
• 198 -
  • Battle of Ctesiphon (198)
  • Battle of Xiapi - Cao Cao and Liu Bei emerges victorious against Lü Bu
• 199 Battle of Yijing - Yuan Shao emerges victorious against Gongsun Zan

3rd century

• 200 Battle of Guandu - Cao Cao defeats Yuan Shao's numerically superior army and secures domination of the North China plain.
• 202 Battle of Bowang - Liu Bei emerges victorious against Xiahou Dun
• 208 -
  • Battle of Xiakou - Sun Quan emerges victorious against Huang Zu
  • Battle of Changban - Cao Cao's cavalry catch Liu Bei's forces, disperse his army and capture most of his baggage train.
  • Battle to the Southwest of Xiakou
  • Battle of Red Cliffs - War of Three Kingdoms
  • Battle of Yiling (208) - Sun Quan emerges victorious against Cao Cao
• 209 Battle of Jiangling - Sun Quan & Liu Bei emerge victorious against Cao Cao
• 211 Battle of Tong Pass Cao Cao emerges victorious against Ma Chao
• 213 -
  • Siege of Jicheng - Ma Chao emerges victorious against Cao Cao
  • Battle of Licheng - Yang Fu emerges victorious against Ma Chao
• 215 -
  • Battle of Yangping - Cao Cao emerges victorious against Zhang Lu
  • Battle of Baxi - Zhang Fei emerges victorious against Zhang He
• 217 -
  • Battle of Nisibis (217)
  • Battle of Ruxukou - Sun Quan emerges victorious against Cao Cao
• 218 Battle of Antioch (218) - Varius Avitus defeats Emperor Macrinus to claim the throne under the name Elagabalus.
• 219 -
  • Battle of Mount Dingjun - Liu Bei emerges victorious against Cao Cao
  • Battle of Han River - Liu Bei emerges victorious against Cao Cao
  • Battle of Fancheng - Cao Ren emerges victorious against Guan Yu
• 222 Battle of Xiaoting - Liu Bei's invasion of Wu is repulsed by Sun Quan's commander Lu Xun.
• 224 Battle of Hormizdegan
• 228 -
  • Battle of Xincheng - Sima Yi emerges victorious against Meng Da
  • Battle of Tianshui - Shu emerges victorious against Wei
  • Battle of Jieting - Part of the First Northern Expedition.
  • Battle of Shiting - Wu emerges victorious against Wei
• 229 Siege of Chencang - Wei emerges victorious against Shu
• 234 Battle of Wuzhang Plains - Part of the Fifth Northern Expedition, Zhuge Liang dies.
• 238 Battle of Carthage - Troops loyal to the Roman Emperor Maximinus Thrax defeat and kill the usurper Gordian II.
• 243 Battle of Resaena - Roman forces under Gordian III defeat the Persians under Shapur I. Gordian is murdered before he can exploit his victory.
• 244 -
  • Battle of Misiche
  • Battle of Xingshi - Shu emerges victorious against Wei
• 250 Battle of Philippopolis - King Cuiva of the Goths defeats a Roman army.
• 251 Battle of Abrittus - The Goths defeat and kill the Roman Emperor Trajan Decius
• 253 Battle of Barbalissos
• 255 Battle of Didao - Wei emerges victorious against Shu
• 259 -
  • Battle of Edessa - King Shapur I of Persia defeats and captures the Roman Emperor Valerian
  • Battle of Mediolanum
• 267 Battle of Thermopylae (267)
• 268 Battle of Lake Benacus - The Romans under Claudius II defeat the Alamanni
• 269 Battle of Naissus - Claudius II decisively defeats the Goths, earning the surname Gothicus.
• 271 -
  • Battle of Placentia - The Emperor Aurelian is defeated by the Alemanni forces invading Italy
  • Battle of Fano - Aurelian defeats the Alemanni, who begin to retreat from Italy
  • Battle of Pavia - Aurelian destroys the retreating Alemanni army.
• 272 -
  • Battle of Immae - Aurelian defeats the army of Zenobia of Palmyra
  • Battle of Emesa - Aurelian decisively defeats Zenobia.
• 274 Battle of Chalons - Aurelian defeats the Gallic usurper Tetricus, reestablishing central control of the whole empire.
• 285 Battle of the Margus - The usurper Diocletian defeats the army of the Emperor Carinus, who is killed.
• 296 Battle of Callinicum - The Romans under the Caesar Galerius are defeated by the Persians under Narseh.
• 298 -
  • Battle of Lingones - The Caesar Constantius Chlorus defeats the Alemanni
  • Battle of Vindonissa - Constantius again defeats the Alemanni

4th century

• 312 -
  • Battle of Turin Constantine defeats forces loyal to Maxentius.
  • Battle of Verona Constantine again defeats Maxentius.
  • 28 October Battle of Milvian Bridge Constantine defeats Maxentius and takes control of Italy.
• 313 Battle of Tzirallum In the eastern part of the Empire, the forces of Licinius defeat Maximinus Daia.
• 314 - 8 October Battle of Cibalae Constantine defeats Licinius
• 316 - Battle of Mardia Constantine again defeats Licinius, who cedes Illyricum to Constantine.
• 324 -
  • 3 July Battle of Adrianople Constantine defeats Licinius, who flees to Byzantium
  • July Battle of the Hellespont Flavius Julius Crispus, son of Constantine defeats the naval forces of Licinius
  • 18 September Battle of Chrysopolis Constantine decisively defeats Licinius, establishing his sole control over the empire.
• 344 Battle of Singara Emperor Constantius II fights an indecisive battle against the Persian King Shapur II (approximate date)
• 351 Battle of Mursa Major Emperor Constantius II defeats the usurper Magnentius
• 353 Battle of Mons Seleucus Final defeat of Magnentius by Constantius II
• 356 -
  • Siege of Autun
  • Battle of Durocortorum Caesar Julian is defeated by the Alemanni
  • Battle of Brumath
  • Siege of Senonae
• 357 Battle of Strasbourg Julian expels the Alamanni from the Rhineland
• 359 Battle of Amida Sassanids capture Amida from Romans
• 363 -
  • 29 May - Battle of Ctesiphon Emperor Julian defeats Shapur II outside the walls of the Persian capital, but is unable to take the city, leading to an ultimate disaster on the retreat back to Roman territory.
  • Battle of Samarra
• 366 - Battle of Thyatria - The army of the Roman Emperor Valens defeats the usurper Procopius.
• 367 Battle of Solicinium Romans under Emperor Valentinian I defeat yet another Alemanni incursion.
• 373 Battle of the Tanais River The Huns defeat the Alans near the Don, beginning the great period of the Germanic migrations.^{[citation needed]}
• 377 Battle of the Willows Roman troops fight an inconclusive battle against the Goths.
• 378 -
  • May, Battle of Argentovaria The Western Emperor Gratianus is victorious over the Alamanni, yet again.
  • 9 August Battle of Adrianople The Thervings under Fritigern defeat and kill the Eastern Emperor Valens
• 380 Battle of Thessalonica (380)
• 383 Battle of Feishui - Fu Jiān is defeated by the Jin commander Xie An. The kingdom of the Former Qin collapses shortly thereafter.
• 388 Battle of the Save Emperor Theodosius I defeats the usurper Magnus Maximus.
• 394 Battle of the Frigidus 6 September The Christian Roman Emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills the last Pagan-tolerant usurper Eugenius and his Frankish general Arbogast.
• 395 Battle of Canhe Slope

5th century

• Unknown Battle at Lake Vænir Vikar king of Agder defeatet king Sisar from Kiev.
• 402 -
  • 6 April Battle of Pollentia Stilicho stymies the Visigoths under Alaric
  • June Battle of Verona Stilicho again defeats Alaric, who withdraws from Italy.
• 403 Battle of Verona
• 406 Battle of Mainz, army of Vandals, Suevi and Alans against the Frankish foederati.
• 410 Sack of Rome 24 August. The Visigoths under Alaric sack Rome.
• 425 The Roman general Aëtius defeats the Visigoths under Theodoric I.
• 432 Battle of Ravenna The Roman general Aëtius defeats his rival Count Boniface, who is killed.
• 436 Battle of Narbonne Aëtius again defeats the Visigoths under Theodoric I.
• 447 Battle of the Utus Attila the Hun is defeated by the East Romans in an indecisive battle
• 451 -
  • Battle of Avarayr May - Forces of Yazdegerd II annihilate the Armenian army led by Saint Vartan (hence the name of the battle)
  • Battle of Chalons June - Forces of the Visigothic king Theodoric I and Romans under Aëtius repulse the attack of Attila the Hun. Theodoric is killed in the battle.
• 452 Sack of Aquileia Aquileia is razed to the ground by the forces of Attila the Hun.
• 454 Battle of Nedao A Germanic alliance under the leadership of the Ostrogoths and the Gepids breaks Hunnic power in Europe
• 455 -
  • Battle of Aylesford
  • Sack of Rome (455)
• 456 Battle of Campi Canini Roman General Majorian defeats an Alemanni invasion of Italy.
• 456 Battle of the Urbicas Theodoric II, king the Visigoths defeats the Suevi, and conqueres Spain
• 461 Battle of Cartagena A Vandal fleet surprises and destroys the Roman fleet.
• 466 Battle of Wippedesfleot
• 486 Battle of Soissons - Clovis I defeated Syagrius and gained the Domain of Soissons.
• 489 Battle of Isonzo (489)
• 496 Battle of Tolbiac Franks under Clovis I defeat Alamanni
• 500 Battle of Mons Badonicus or Battle of Mynydd Baddon Later connected to King Arthur

6th century

• 507 Battle of Vouillé Franks under the lead of Clovis I defeat the Visigoths under Alaric II
• 524 Battle of Vézeronce 25 June Burgundians beat Franks.
• 530 -
  • Battle of Dara Justinian's commander Belisarius defeats Persians in his first major battle of the campaign to regain Eastern empire
  • Battle of Nisibis (530)
• c 530 Battle on the Ice of Lake Vänern? between Eadgils and his uncle king Onela of Sweden with the help of Beowulf. This event appears in several Norse sagas and in the Anglo-Saxon epic Beowulf.
• 531 Battle of Callinicum
• 533 -
  • 13 September Battle of Ad Decimum (or "Battle of Carthage (533)") Belisarius defeats Vandals near Carthage
  • 15 December Battle of Tricamarum Belisarius defeats again the Vandals near Carthage.
• 537 Battle of Camlann King Arthur killed, perhaps mythical
• 538 Siege of Rome (537-538)
• 551 Battle of Sena Gallica
• 552 -
  • Battle of Taginae Narses replaces Belisarius and defeats Ostrogoths under Totila
  • Battle of Asfeld Longobards under king Audoin defeat the Gepids
• 553 Battle of Mons Lactarius Narses defeats the Ostrogoths under Teia
• 554 October Battle of the Volturnus (554) Narses defeats the Franks
• 573 Battle of Arfderydd
• 577 Battle of Deorham West Saxons vs Celts in Wiltshire, England
• 586 Battle of Solachon Byzantine Empire defeats Persia
• 598 Battle of Yodong region Korean Goguryeo kingdom repulse the Chinese Sui Dynasty

References