This list of business failures collects significant companies who met eventual demise of their well known brand. The causes include criminal proceedings, simple insolvency and are notable for their financial impact in the economy.
Contents |
Prior to 1900
- 1343-46
- 1699
- 1720
- 1866
- 1867
1900-1949
- 1907
- 1919
- 1920
- Rumpler Flugzeugwerke
- Sopwith Aviation Company
- 1922
- 1923
- 1928
- 1929
- 1930
- 1931
- 1932
- 1933
- 1934
- 1935
- 1937
- 1938
- 1939
- 1945
- 1948
1950-1979
- 1952
- 1953
- 1956
- 1956
- 1957
- 1959
- 1960
- 1961
- 1962
- 1963
- Yamaguchi Motorcycle[8]
- 1964
- Carrozzeria Touring [9]
- Facel Vega
- Lilac Company [7]
- Tohatsu[10]
- Tornado Cars
- Wales West and North Television
- 1965
- Excelsior Motor Company
- Japan Special Steel[11]
- Sanyo Special Steel[11]
- Sun Wave[11]
- 1966
- 1967
- 1969
- 1970
- 1971
- 1974
- 1975
- Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad
- Nation Life[14]
- 1976
- 1977
- 1978
- 1979
1980-1989
- 1980
- Biba
- Bradley Automotive
- Derek Bennett Engineering[17]
- Dunbee-Combex-Marx
- Ontario Motor Speedway
- Otaki Model Toy Company [18]
- Panther Westwinds
- 1982
- Braniff International Airways
- Fittipaldi Automotive
- Laker Airways
- Mego Corporation
- Ossa[19]
- Penn Square Bank
- Wienerwald
- 1983
- Atari, Inc.
- Bultaco
- Chevron Racing Cars Scotland[17]
- Clover
- DeLorean Motor Company
- Games By Apollo
- Hesketh Motorcycles
- Maicowerk
- Triumph Engineering Co Ltd
- 1984
- Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust Company
- Imagine Software
- J. Osawa & Co[20]
- Riccar[21]
- Takatoku Toys
- Zündapp
- 1985
- AC Scotland
- Sinclair Vehicles, Ltd.
- The Sanko Steamship[22]
- 1986
- 1988
- American Savings & Loan Association[23]
- Micro Precision Products[24]
- Worlds of Wonder
- 1989
- Bitter Cars
- Crazy Eddie
- Epyx
- Mbank [25]
- Ross
1990-1994
- 1990
- Alpa
- British Satellite Broadcasting
- Drexel Burnham Lambert
- Miles Gordon Technology
- MiniScribe
- Panther Westwinds
- Pyramid Building Society
- 1991
- Bank of Credit and Commerce International
- Eastern Air Lines
- Emerald Software
- Executive Life Insurance Company
- Lewis's
- Pan Am
- Polly Peck International
- 1992
- Aldershot F.C.
- Brabham
- Child World
- Don Bluth Entertainment[note 3]
- Factory Communications
- March Engineering
- Norton Motorcycle Company[26]
- Olympia and York
- Orion Pictures
- Maxwell Communications Corporation
- Rosso Corporation
- SAM Computers
- Schwinn Bicycle Company
- State Bank of South Australia
- Vic Lee Motorsport[27][note 4]
- Wang Laboratories
- Windsor Safari Park
- 1993
- 1994
1995-1999
- 1995
- Barings Bank
- Bugatti Automobili SpA [note 5]
- Carolco Pictures
- Jamesway
- Rexon
- Simtek
- Tooton's Photography
- 1996
- AC Cars
- Chieftain Products
- Escom
- Fokker
- Mickey Thompson Entertainment Group
- Technos Japan Corporation
- Theatre Royal, Hanley[note 6][29]
- Venturi Automobiles
- 1997
- Bre-X
- Canada Games Company
- Debbie Reynolds' Hollywood Hotel and Casino[30]
- GameTek
- Lechmere
- Nissan Mutual Life Insurance
- Q-Zar
- Spectre Supersport[31]
- Smoking Car Productions
- Tseng Labs
- 1998
- Boyds Wheels[32][33][note 7][34]
- JT Storage
- Long-Term Capital Management
- Maria's Bakery[35]
- Ripspeed[note 8]
- SyQuest Technology
- Yaohan
- 1999
2000-2004
2000
- 3dfx
- ADK Corporation
- Bung Enterprises[note 9]
- Boo.com
- The Equitable Life Assurance Society
- Lernout & Hauspie
- MyLackey.com
- Napster
- Netter Digital
- Pets.com
- Pixelon [39]
- Sogo[40]
- Theatre Royal, Hanley (with Mike Lloyd Music)[note 10][29]
- Urban Bank
2001
- Ansett
- Bethlehem Steel
- Bimota [41]
- Bradlees
- Capital Artists
- Canada 3000
- Converse
- Dinamic Multimedia
- Enron Corporation
- Extreme Championship Wrestling[note 11]
- Grand Royal
- HIH Insurance
- International Sports and Leisure [42]
- Kozmo.com
- Marcos
- Montgomery Ward
- Mycal[40]
- One.Tel
- Planet Hollywood[43]
- Polaroid Corporation
- Ready2shop.com
- Sabena
- Schwinn Bicycle Company (with GT Bicycles)
- SNK
- Sunbeam Products
- Tommy Kaira
- TWA
- Webvan
- World Championship Wrestling[note 12]
2002
- AC Fiorentina
- Adelphia
- Ames Stores
- Arthur Andersen
- Asiatech
- Charles Jourdan
- Claims Direct [44]
- Connolly Leather
- Compile
- EBONE
- Global Crossing
- Hummingbird Photo
- Imai Science[45]
- ITV Digital
- Jensen Motors
- Kirch Media
- Kmart
- KPNQwest
- Mattress Discounters[46]
- Napster
- Prost Grand Prix
- Railtrack
- Reynard Motorsport
- Swissair
- TWR and Arrows [note 13]
- WorldCom
2003
- The 3DO Company
- The Accident Group [47]
- Baninter
- Bethlehem Steel
- CART
- Corbin Motors
- Data East
- divine
- Italjet [48]
- Khalifa Airways
- Loral Space & Communications
- Parmalat
- Spiegel
- UT Models[49]
2004
- Acclaim Entertainment
- Banham Conversions
- Bess Eaton
- ATA Holdings (ATA Airlines, ATA Cargo, ATA Leisure Corp, ATA Training Corp, Amber Travel, Chicago Express, ExecuJet)
- Argonaut Games
- Auction World.tv
- Banham Conversions
- Courts Plc [50]
- De Tomaso
- Flying Finn
- Ilford
- Kaneko
- Mondial
- Murray Ohio Manufacturing Company
- Parma F.C.[51]
- Speed Star Wheels[note 14]
- Titus Software
- Volare Group (Volare Airlines, Air Europe)
2005-2009
2005
- AgfaPhoto
- All:sports [52]
- Allders
- ASARCO
- Atkins Nutritionals
- Bburago
- EUjet
- Granville Technology Group[note 15]
- The Hit Factory
- Hornchurch F.C.
- Jetsgo
- MG Rover
- Music and Video Club[53]
- Red Letter Days
- Refco
- Roco
- West Coast Computers
- Unwins[53]
2006
- A.F.C. Barnsley
- Air Wales
- Amaranth Advisors
- Bayou Hedge Fund Group
- Dublin City F.C.
- Challenge Business[note 16]
- Ernst Paul Lehmann Patentwerk
- European Home Retail
- Golden Wonder
- Independence Air
- Lik Sang[note 17]
- Motorex[note 18][54][55]
- Musicland
- Runcorn F.C. Halton
- Silver Screen[53]
- Soder Airlines
- TeGenero[note 19]
- Tiger Telematics
- Tower Records
2007
- American Freedom Mortgage
- American Home Mortgage
- Amp'd Mobile
- Benjys
- Bombay Company
- Choices UK[56]
- Columbia Aircraft
- CompUSA
- Enfield F.C.
- Evesham Technology
- Fopp
- Kwik Save
- Marcos
- MAXjet
- Media Rings
- Metronet
- Moonshine Music
- Music Zone
- NetBank
- New Century Financial
- Nova
- Remnant Media
- Sentinel Management Group
- Scarborough F.C.
- spinART Records
- Terra Securities
- Topps Meat Company
2008
- A.F.C. Bournemouth
- Allco Finance Group
- Aloha Airlines
- Amtrak Express Parcels
- Apex Aircraft
- ATA Airlines
- Australian School of Business and Technology[57]
- Bennigan's
- Bill Heard Enterprises
- Buffets
- Circuit City[note 20][58][59]
- Coast Air
- Commander Communications
- Countrywide Financial
- Dawahares
- Dolcis
- eos Airlines
- FreshXpress
- Frontier Airlines
- Glitnir[note 21]
- Gretna F.C.
- Halifax Town A.F.C.
- Harold's
- Holley Performance Products[60]
- IndyMac Bank
- International Race of Champions
- iQon Technologies
- Kaupthing Bank[note 22]
- Kaupthing Singer & Friedlander[note 23]
- Krispy Kreme Hong Kong[61]
- Landsbanki[note 24]
- Lehman Brothers[note 25]
- Lenox
- Levitz Furniture[62]
- Lillian Vernon
- Linens 'n Things[63]
- Luton Town F.C.
- Mattress Discounters[46]
- Mervyns[59]
- Meguro Sushi[64]
- MFI Group
- Montres Villemont[65][note 26]
- Morgan UK[66]
- Motorworld[67]
- Nationwide Airlines
- Oasis Hong Kong Airlines
- Officer's Club[68][69]
- Olan Mills[70]
- Opes Prime
- Peau Vavaʻu
- Photo-Optix[71][note 27]
- The Pier
- Pilgrim's Pride
- RC Developments[72]
- Rosebys
- Rotherham United F.C.
- Sanlu Group
- Sharper Image[73]
- Shoe Pavilion[74]
- Silver State Helicopters
- Silverjet
- Skybus Airlines
- Super Aguri F1[75]
- Tai Lin Radio Service[76]
- Tribune Company
- Tropicana Resort & Casino
- Tuctuc Ltd[77]
- Tweeter[78]
- U-Right[79][note 28]
- USC[80]
- Value City
- VeraSun Energy
- Vivitar
- Wachovia
- Washington Mutual
- WCI Communities
- Wickes Furniture
- Wilsons Leather
- WiQuest Communications
- Woolworths Group
- XL Airways UK
- Yamato Life Insurance Company
- Zavvi[81]
- Ziff-Davis
- Zoom Airlines
2009
- 3D Realms
- A1 Grand Prix Operations[82]
- AbitibiBowater
- Allied Carpets
- Apex Silver Mines
- Arcandor
- Babcock & Brown
- Bashas'
- BearingPoint
- Berkhamsted Town F.C.
- Borders UK
- CIT Group
- Boater's World
- Colonial Bancgroup
- Central Park Media
- Charter Communications
- Christian Lacroix[83]
- Crabtree & Evelyn
- Darlington F.C.
- Denver Newspaper Agency
- Eddie Bauer
- Empire Direct
- Extended Stay Hotels
- Escada
- Filene's Basement
- Firedog
- Fisher Athletic F.C.
- Fleetwood Enterprises
- FlyLAL
- Fortunoff
- General Growth Properties
- Goody's Family Clothing
- Gottschalks
- Hartmarx
- Idearc
- Joe's
- Journal Register Company
- Karmann[84]
- KB Toys
- Land of Leather[85]
- LDV Group Limited
- FC Lyn Oslo
- LyondellBasell
- Märklin
- Magna Entertainment Corp.
- Merisant
- Midway Games
- Monaco Coach Corporation
- Nortel Networks
- Peanut Corporation of America
- Philadelphia Media Holdings[86]
- Qimonda
- The Reader's Digest Association
- Ritz Camera
- Setanta Sports
- SETA Corporation
- SFCG Co.
- Silicon Graphics
- Smurfit-Stone Container
- Spansion
- Spectrum Brands
- SPV GmbH
- SsangYong [note 29][87]
- Stanford Financial Group
- Station Casinos
- Steve & Barry's
- Strathfield[88]
- Stylo
- Sun-Times Media Group
- Taylor, Bean & Whitaker
- Tronox
- Trump Entertainment Resorts
- Viyella
- Waterford Wedgwood[89]
- Young Broadcasting
See also
- Bank failure
- Savings and loan crisis
- Financial crisis of 2007–2009
- 2008-2009 bank failures in the United States
- List of largest U.S. bank failures
Bibliography
- Deeson, A.F.L. (1972). Great Company Crashes. London: Foulsham. ISBN 0572008333.
Notes
- ^ bankrupted in 1970; remained operating until 1976
- ^ Assets was sold on to a company who became STA Travel
- ^ Remained solvent until 1995.
- ^ Liquidation following conviction of its owner for drugs smuggling charges. Some of these assets was sold to its team's drivers Ray Bellm and Steve Neal, who both help to form Team Dynamics
- ^ As the brandname had a long history and strong heritage, it was acquired by the Volkswagen Group in 1998; Dauer Sportwagen acquired the license to the EB110 supercar, including 5 incomplete cars and a large majority of stocks; B Engineering acquired 21 unconstructed chassis to become the Edonis. Lotus Cars whom was acquired by owner, Romano Artoli in 1993 was sold to Proton
- ^ Was later acquired by record store entrepeneur Mike Lloyd, who got the theatre up and running
- ^ Coddington was allowed to re-organize Boyds Wheels as the result of bankruptcy
- ^ Brandname was acquired by Halfords.
- ^ Self dissolved
- ^ Theatre was sold on and converted into two separate nightclub
- ^ All trademarks were later acquired by the World Wrestling Federation, and re-launched in 2006
- ^ Bought out by their chief rival, the World Wrestling Federation.
- ^ As a result of the collapse of Arrows, both companies was owned by Tom Walkinshaw
- ^ Japanese automotive tuning component manufacturer Tanabe soon acquired the company and some of the design molds, with the exception of some including its famous "Formula Mesh" lines which is trademarked to BBS.
- ^ Known for the Time and Tiny computer brands.
- ^ Administration, after failing to attract sponsorship.
- ^ closure due to lawsuit avoidance issued by Sony.
- ^ Notorious for the Nissan Skyline GT-R grey import vehicles scandal in 2006, business was closed for legal reason.
- ^ closure cause by lack of funds following the negative publicity from the ill-fated TGN1412 clinical trial
- ^ Circit City first went into Chapter 11 in 2008, later it went to liquidation in 2009.
- ^ nationalisation, further article: 2008 Icelandic financial crisis
- ^ nationalisation, further article: 2008 Icelandic financial crisis
- ^ deposit business have been sold off to ING Direct, whereas the remainder is placed into administration
- ^ nationalisation, further article: 2008 Icelandic financial crisis
- ^ further article: bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers
- ^ Administration, entered bankruptcy in January 2009.
- ^ Administration, all but 2 stores was closed down.
- ^ Shops were still allowed to open to clear stocks
- ^ Company has gone into court receivership
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- ^ http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C06E6D71431F930A35750C0A96E958260 New York Times:Boyds Wheels to Cease All Manufacturing
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- ^ "Troubled Company Reporter - BOYDS WHEELS: Reorganization Plan Filed". InterNet Bankruptcy Library. July 23, 1998. http://bankrupt.com/TCR_Public/980723.MBX.
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- ^ Novelty Gone, Theme Restaurants Are Tumbling - New York Times
- ^ Planet Hollywood files for Chapter 11 - Oct. 12, 1999
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- ^ a b http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/1547371.stm
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- ^ Planet Hollywood bankrupt, again - Oct. 19, 2001
- ^ Staff writers (10 July 2002). "Claims Direct goes bust". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/2120234.stm. Retrieved 2005-05-05.
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- ^ BBC NEWS | Business | Allsports enters administration
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- ^ "Zavvi placed into administration". BBC Online (BBC News). 2008-12-24. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7798973.stm. Retrieved 2009-02-16.
- ^ Harrington, Ben (2009-06-27). "British A1 Grand Prix arm stalls". The Daily Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/financetopics/financialcrisis/5664677/British-A1-Grand-Prix-arm-stalls.html. Retrieved 2009-06-29.
- ^ http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/news/recession-topples-lacroix-fashion-house-1692217.html
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- ^ Land of Leather goes into administration
- ^ Newspapers fight to stay alive with Chapter 11 filings
- ^ South Korea automaker files for bankruptcy
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