See also: Cousin couple
This is a list of prominent individuals who have been romantically or maritally coupled with a cousin, niece, nephew, aunt or uncle.
Cousin-couple marriage increases the probability of the issue's having a genetic disease. However, the probability is still relatively small—roughly 6%. The same probability is present in issue of women who give birth over the age of 40. Since many of these marriages took place before the 20th century, most women gave birth before the age of 30.
Because many people regard cousin couplings as taboo, they mistakenly assume that an infrequent presence of coupled cousins in a lineage means that the descendants must have one or more genetic diseases. The risk of such diseases does rise, however, when a lineage includes many cousin couplings.
Most historians consider the House of Habsburg as an example of genetically-induced disease as the direct result of pedigree collapse. The last Hapsburg King of Spain, Charles II, makes an instructive case. In anyone's family tree, there are seven marriages in the previous three generations. In Charles' case, there were three uncle-niece marriages in those seven marriages. His father and two of his great-grandfathers married their nieces. His paternal grandparents were first cousins, once removed, but they comprised two of the seven marriages because they were also parents to his maternal grandmother. His maternal grandparents' marriage and the final marriage of great-grandparents was between first cousins. Like most people, the family tree of Elizabeth II to five generations has 62 different people in the 62 different positions. The family tree of Charles II had only 32 different persons in the 62 positions. Going back two more generations, he had only 82 different people in 254 positions. Charles II was born with extensive physical, intellectual and emotional problems and was incapable of producing an heir, a fact which resulted in the War of Spanish Succession. His lineage was so intermarried that he had a higher inbreeding ratio than if he had been born to a brother-sister couple.
Contents |
Royalty
Monarchy of England, Britain and the United Kingdom
The table shows the closest cousin relationship (1st, 2nd, 3rd, ...) between the sovereigns and their spouses. A few non-sovereigns are shown to connect missing generations. If the cousin relationship is once removed, a yes is in the appropriate column.
In only two cases (first wife of James II and of Edward VIII) is the familial relationship completely unknown. Neither woman was queen consort (one died before her husband became king, and the other married after he abdicated). Both marriages were considered scandalous for their time. The first wife of James II was the only daughter of a wealthy man, but with no pedigree. The marriage did produce two future sovereign queens. Edward VIII married Wallis Simpson, and cited his desire to marry the twice divorced American woman as the reason for his abdication in 1936.
Richard III was portrayed by Shakespeare in Act IV, scene III of the play, "Richard III," as planning to murder his present wife, Anne Neville, and plotting to marry his teenage niece, Elizabeth of York, and stop the War of the Roses. However, this proposed marriage seems to have been a rumor that Shakespeare used to make Richard III seem particularly evil, and there have been no marriages in British royalty closer than first cousin.
The British royal cousin marriages are considered an example of endogamy, or the practice of marrying within a specific class and social group, often for financial gain or influence in affairs of state. The handful of first-cousin marriages was not out of the norm for their time.
- 1472: The first royal marriage of first cousins once removed was between Richard III and Anne Neville. The marriage is famously depicted by Shakespeare as one of the most twisted in all of history. Richard III is depicted as wooing Anne after killing her first husband and her father; and he would take her in her heart's extremest hate, with curses in her mouth, tears in her eyes. This marriage produced one son who died young.
- 1554: The next royal marriage of first cousins once removed was between Mary I, and the King of Spain, Phillip II of the House of Habsburg. It was one of the most despised relationships in British history. The couple barely saw each other, and after Mary's death, the Spanish king would launch the Spanish Armada against England. There was no issue from this marriage.
- 1677: The initial first-cousin marriage (with no generations removed) was the marriage of William and Mary. It was a stable marriage, despite William's having at least one acknowledged mistress and numerous rumors of homosexual affairs. There was no issue from this marriage.
- 1682: The next first-cousin marriage of George I was pre-arranged and ended in divorce 12 years later. The couple hated each other. George had his ex-wife/cousin imprisoned for the last three decades of her life for infidelity. The daughter of George I also married her only first cousin. As a result, all the legitimate descendants of the mother of George I are identical to the descendants of George I. So the entire line of succession to the British throne is descended from this cousin marriage. There are over 5000 descendants alive in the beginning of the 21st century.
- 1795: The pre-arranged marriage of George IV to his first cousin was disastrously unhappy. The couple despised each other and separated shortly after the birth of their only child, a daughter who died in childbirth, eventually paving the way for Victoria to succeed to the throne.
- 1840: Queen Victoria's marriage to her first cousin had virtually no strategic or economic advantage, and was purely based on the attraction between the couple and the desire of Victoria to break out the strict and elaborate set of rules designed by her mother concerning her upbringing. This marriage produced 9 children, and 40 grandchildren and over 1000 total descendants who constitute a sizable portion of the royalty in Europe over the last century and a half. The deadly genetic disease, hemophilia – which started with Victoria – is unrelated to the first-cousin marriage.
- Of the four first-cousin marriages (no times removed), only the marriage of George I and Sophia Dorothea of Celle was a parallel cousin marriage. The fathers of the couple,George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and Ernest Augustus, Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg, were brothers. Both brothers were alive when George imprisoned his ex-wife. The other three royal-cousin marriages were of cross cousins, where the parents who were siblings were brother and sister.
Monarchy of England Britain and the UK[1] STATUS Name Cousin Once removed Consort (Spouse) King William the Conqueror 3 yes Mathilde de Flandre King William II --- murdered King Henry I Beauclerc 5 yes Maud of Scotland King Stephen 4 yes Mathilde de Boulogne King Henry II 3 Eleanor d'Aquitaine King Richard I (Lionheart) 4 Berenguela de Navarra King John I 4 yes Isabelle d'Angoulême King Henry III 4 Eléonore de Provence King Edward I 2 yes Eleanor de Castilla King Edward II 2 yes Isabelle (Capétiens), King Edward III of Windsor 2 Philippa d'Avesnes King Richard II 4 Anne de Luxembourg King Henry IV of Bolingbroke 2 Mary de Bohun. King Henry V 3 yes Catherine de Valois King Henry VI 3 Marguerite d'Anjou King Edward IV 6 yes Elizabeth Woodville King Edward V --- murdered as a child King Richard III 1 yes Anne Neville King Henry VII 3 Elizabeth Plantagenêt King Henry VIII 3 yes Catherine of Aragon 5 yes Anne Boleyn 5 Jane Seymour 5 yes Katherine Howard 5 Anne of Cleves 3 yes Katherine Parr Queen Mary I 1 yes Felipe II von Habsburg Queen Elizabeth I --- never married King James I Stuart 3 yes Anne von Oldenburg King Charles I Stuart 3 yes Henriette-Marie de Bourbon, King Charles II Stuart --- no legitimate marriage King James II Stuart not consort Anne Hyde 3 yes Maria Beatrice d'Este Queen Mary II 1 William & Mary (co-monarchs) Queen Anne 2 yes Georg von Oldenburg King George I 1 Sophia Dorothea King George II 3 yes Queen Caroline King George III 3 Charlotte Mecklenburg King George IV 1 Karoline von Braunschweig King William IV 3 yes Adelheid von Sachsen-Meiningen Queen Victoria 1 Prince Albert King Edward VII 3 Queen Alexandra King George V 2 yes Queen Mary King Edward VIII not consort Wallis Simpson King George VI 13 Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon Queen Elizabeth II 2 yes Prince Philip Other Members of Royal Family Britain and the UK STATUS Name Cousin Once removed Consort (Spouse) Queen of Bohemia Elizabeth Stuart 4 Friedrich V von der Pfalz Duchess Sophia of Hanover 2 yes Ernst August Prince of Wales Frederick 3 yes Augusta von Sachsen Prince Edward Augustus 3 yes Victoria (mother of Queen) Prince of Wales Charles 7 yes Diana Spencer 11 Camilla Shand Prince of Wales Charles 2 Amanda Knatchbull
Before Diana, Amanda
was being groomed for five years
to be the wife of Charles[citation needed]- The most recent common ancestor of George VI of the United Kingdom and his wife Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon was Henry VII who had died over 400 years before their marriage. When the future king married his 13th cousin on 26 April 1923 his older brother, Edward VIII, the heir apparent was still only age 28 and was still expected to marry and succeed to the throne. However, shortly after the marriage, Edward began to openly talk about his desire to abdicate and make his brother the sovereign, which he actually did 13 years later. This marriage was the most distant family relationship that produced a child that also became a sovereign. It was also the first time since James II that a sovereign married a spouse of primarily British descent. It was also the first time since Henry VIII that a sovereign married someone who was more distantly related than 3rd cousin once removed (not including Edward VIII, marrying Wallis Simpson after his abdication).
- The most recent common ancestor of Elizabeth II and her husband Prince Philip was Christian IX of Denmark who had died in 1906. The table list the closest familial relationship, but sometimes more distant relationships are better known. Queen Elizabeth II, and her consort, Prince Philip are also 3rd cousins from their descent from Queen Victoria who died in 1901. Both the marriage of Princess Elizabeth to Prince Philip and the potential arrangements to marry Prince Charles to Amanda Knatchbull[citation needed] were primarily the result of the matchmaking skills of Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma. He was the uncle to Prince Phillip and the grandfather to Amanda Knatchbull. His murder by an IRA bomb in 1979, which also killed another grandmother of Amanda as well as her younger brother caused her to recoil at the prospect of marrying into the royal family[citation needed]. She refused Charles subsequent proposal[citation needed] and he married his much more distant relative Diana.
The 3rd Duke of Devonshire.
- Charles and Diana's most recent common ancestor was William Cavendish, 3rd Duke of Devonshire and his wife, who died in the last half of the 18th century. Since they both had well documented pedigrees, they have hundreds of known ancestors in common before that time.
- Charles and Camilla's most recent common ancestor is James I who died in 1625.
- Kate Middleton may be a descendant of Mary Boleyn via her daughter, Catherine Carey.[2] Kate Middleton’s 7Xgreat-grandfather William Davenport (d. 1723) may be a son born in 1679 to Henry Davenport of Hollon. If this relationship probes accurate (DNA confirmation may be required)then Kate is descended from Mary Boleyn. Prince William of Wales is also descended from Mary Boleyn via both her son Henry Carey, 1st Baron Hunsdon and her daughter. Both of Mary Boleyn's children are rumored to be the illegitimate children of Henry VIII.
- Prince Arthur of Connaught was a first cousin to George V. He married his first cousin once removed, Princess Alexandra, Duchess of Fife on 15 October 1913, and the couple had a son, Alistair, 9.8 months later. Alistair was born 9th in line to the throne and died 12th in line in 1943. He is the last child born to a couple consisting of first cousins once removed in the British royal family.
Europe
This section does not cite any references or sources.
Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2009)The royal couples listed here are but a small representation of the innumerable cousins of varying degrees who have married between royal or noble houses.
- Prince Alexander of Teck and his second cousin once removed, Princess Alice of Albany
- Alfonso XII of Spain and his first cousin, Mercedes of Orléans (first wife)
- Amedeo I of Spain and his niece, Maria Letizia Bonaparte (second wife)
- Prince Arthur of Connaught and his first cousin once removed, Princess Alexandra, Duchess of Fife
- Benedita, Dowager Princess of Brazil, and her nephew, José, Prince of Brazil
- Infante Carlos, Count of Molina, and his niece, Infanta Maria Francisca of Portugal, and later his niece, Maria Teresa of Portugal
- Catherine the Great and her second cousin, Peter III of Russia
- Charles II of Parma and his second cousin, Maria Teresa of Savoy
- Charles III of Parma and his second cousin, Louise Marie Thérèse of France
- Charles I of Spain and his first cousin, Isabella of Portugal
- Charles IV of Spain and his first cousin, Maria Luisa of Parma
- Charles VII of France and his second cousin, Marie of Anjou
- Charles X of France and his double-second cousin, once removed, Marie Thérèse of Savoy
- Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy, and Catherine Michelle of Spain, who was his first cousin, once removed, as well as his second cousin
- Charles Emmanuel IV of Savoy and his double second cousin, once removed, Marie Clotilde of France
- Charles Felix of Sardinia and his first cousin, once removed, Maria Christina of Bourbon-Naples
- Emperor Claudius and his third wife and cousin, Messalina
- Constantine II of Greece and his third cousin, Queen Anne-Marie of Greece
- Edward III of England and his second cousin, Philippa of Hainault
- Edward, the Black Prince and his cousin, Joan of Kent
- Queen Elizabeth II and her second cousin, once removed (through Christian IX of Denmark), as well as third cousin (through Queen Victoria), Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
- Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy, and his half-first cousin, once removed, Margaret of France
- Ernest Augustus I of Hanover and his first cousin, Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
- Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria and his second cousin, Maria Anna of Sardinia
- Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria, and his niece, Anne Juliana Gonzaga
- Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies and his second cousin, Maria Christina of Savoy (first wife)
- Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies and his second cousin, Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria (second wife)
- Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and his double first cousin, Princess Luisa of the Two Sicilies
- Ferdinand VII of Spain and his first cousin, Maria Antonietta of Naples (first wife)
- Ferdinand VII of Spain and his niece Maria Isabel of Portugal, and later his niece Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
- Francis I of France and his second cousin, Queen Claude of France
- Francis I of the Two Sicilies and his double first cousin, Archduchess Maria Clementina of Austria (first wife)
- Francis I of the Two Sicilies and his first cousin, Maria Isabella of Spain (second wife)
- Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor and his double first cousin, Maria Teresa of Naples and Sicily (second wife)
- Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor and his first cousin, Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este (third wife)
- Francis IV, Duke of Modena and his niece, Maria Beatrice of Savoy (titular queen of England and Scotland according to the Jacobite succession)
- Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria and his first cousin, Empress Sissi
- Frederick VI of Denmark and his first cousin, Marie Sophie of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel)
- Frederick William I of Prussia and his first cousin, Sophia Dorothea of Hanover
- Frederick William II of Prussia and his double first cousin, Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Lüneburg
- King George I of Great Britain and his first cousin, Sophia Dorothea of Celle
- King George IV of the United Kingdom and his first cousin, Caroline of Brunswick
- King Haakon VII of Norway and his first cousin, Princess Maud of Wales
- Henrietta Anne Stuart of England and her first cousin, Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
- Henry II of England and his half third cousin, Eleanor of Aquitaine
- Henry IV of France and his second cousin, Marguerite of Valois (first wife)
- Henry VI of England and his third cousin, Margaret of Anjou
- Henry VII of England and his third cousin, Elizabeth of York
- Princess Irene of Hesse and the Rhine and her first cousin, Henry of Prussia
- Isabella I of Castile and her second cousin, Ferdinand of Aragon
- Isabella II of Spain and her double first cousin, Francis of Spain
- James IV of Scotland and his third cousin, Margaret Tudor
- Joan of Spain and her double first cousin, John, Crown Prince of Portugal
- Juan Carlos I of Spain and his third cousin, Princess Sophia of Greece and Denmark
- Leonidas, King of Sparta and his half-niece, Gorgo[3]
- Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, and Margaret Theresa of Spain (first wife), who was both his niece and his first cousin
- Leopold II of Tuscany and his second cousin, Maria Anna of Saxony (first wife)
- Leopold II of Tuscany and his first cousin, Marie Antoinette of the Two Sicilies (second wife)
- Louis XIV of France and his double first cousin, Maria Theresa of Spain
- Louis XVI of France and his second cousin, once removed, Marie Antoinette
- Louis XVIII of France and his double second cousin, once removed, Marie Josephine Louise of Savoy
- Marie-Thérèse-Charlotte of France and her first cousin, Louis-Antoine, Duke of Angoulême
- Mary I of England and her first cousin, once removed, Philip II of Spain
- Princess Mary of Teck (later Queen Mary) and her second cousin, once removed, King George V
- Mary, Queen of Scots and her half-first cousin, Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley
- Maximilian I of Mexico and his second cousin, Charlotte of Belgium
- Michael I of Romania and his second cousin, once removed, Princess Anne of Parma
- Miguel, Duke of Braganza and his frist cousin, Princess Maria Theresa of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
- Napoleon Louis Bonaparte and his first cousin, Charlotte Napoléone Bonaparte
- Napoleon III and his cousin, Mathilde Bonaparte
- Tsar Nicholas II and his second cousin, Alix of Hesse
- King Olav V of Norway and his first cousin, Princess Märtha of Sweden
- Peter III of Portugal and his niece, Maria I of Portugal
- Philip II of Spain and his double first cousin, Maria Manuela, Princess of Asturias (first wife)
- Philip II of Spain and his niece, Anna of Austria (fourth wife)
- Philip IV of Spain and his niece, Mariana of Austria (second wife)
- Philip V of Spain and his double second cousin, Maria Luisa of Savoy (first wife)
- Philippe, comte de Paris and his first cousin, Princess Marie Isabelle of Orléans
- Robert I, Duke of Parma and his half first cousin once removed, Maria Pia of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
- Umberto I of Italy and his first cousin, Margherita of Savoy
- Victor Emmanuel II of Italy and his first cousin, Maria Adelaide of Austria
- Princess Victoria Melita of Edinburgh and her first cousin, Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse, and later her first cousin, Grand Duke Cyril Vladimirovich of Russia
- Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine and her first cousin, once removed, Prince Louis of Battenberg
- Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and her first cousin, Prince Albert
- Prince William Frederick, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh and his first cousin, Princess Mary, Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh
- Kaiser Wilhelm II and his half second cousin, Augusta Viktoria of Schleswig-Holstein
- King William I of the Netherlands and his first cousin, Wilhelmine of Prussia
- King William III of the Netherlands and his first cousin, Sophie of Württemberg
- King William III of England and his first cousin, Queen Mary II
Outside Europe
- Emperor Ichijō of Japan and his wife Fujiwara no Akiko
- Emperor Kōbun of Japan and Empress Tōchi
- King Kamehameha the Great of Hawaiʻi and his niece Queen Keopuolani
- Alexander Liholiho King Kamehameha IV of Hawaiʻi and his second cousin, Queen Emma Kaleleonalani Naʻea
- Prince Nagaya of Japan and his wife Princess Kibi
- Prince Shōtoku of Japan and his wife Princess Uji no Kaitako
- Zaitian, the Guangxu Emperor and his first cousin, Yehenara Jingfen
- Crown Prince Hirohito of Japan and his distant cousin Princess Nagako of Kuni
Notable individuals
A
- John Adams and his third cousin, Abigail Smith[4]
- François-Marie Arouet, better known as Voltaire, and his niece, Marie Louise Mignot Denis [5]
B
- Johann Sebastian Bach and his second cousin, Maria Barbara Bach [6]
- Josiah Bartlett, second signer of the United States Declaration of Independence, and his first cousin, Mary Bartlett[citation needed]
- Wernher von Braun and his first cousin, Maria Luise von Quistorp[citation needed]
- Charles Bulfinch and his first cousin, Hannah Apthorp [7]
C
- John C. Calhoun, seventh Vice President of the United States, and his first cousin once removed, Floride Calhoun[8]
- Jeanne Calment, the oldest person whose age was verified by official documents, and her second cousin, Fernand Calment [9]
- Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the only Roman Catholic signer of the United States Declaration of Independence, and his second cousin, Mary Darnall [10]
D
- Charles Darwin and his first cousin, Emma Wedgwood.[11] In addition, their grandparents, Sarah Wedgewood and Josiah Wedgwood, were also cousins.[12]
- Porfirio Diaz Mori, president of Mexico (1876–80, 1884–1911), and his niece Delfina Ortega Diaz[citation needed]
- Alfred I. du Pont, great-grandson of DuPont founder and his cousin-by-marriage, Bessie Gardner, as well as his second cousin, Alicia Bradford Maddox[13]
E
- Albert Einstein and his first cousin (through his mother) as well as second cousin (through his father), Elsa Löwenthal née Einstein[14]
- William Ellery, signer of the Declaration of Independence, and his first cousin once removed, Abigail Cary[15]
- William Crowninshield Endicott, former US Secretary of War, and his first cousin, Ellen Peabody[16]
F
- Vivian Fuchs, British explorer, and his cousin Joyce Connell[citation needed]
- John F. Fitzgerald, former mayor of Boston and grandfather of John F. Kennedy, and his second cousin Mary Josephine Hannon.[17]
G
- Carlo Gambino, a mob boss, and his first cousin, Catherine Castellano[18]
- André Gide, Nobel Prize winning French author, and his cousin, Madeleine Rondeaux.[citation needed]
- Charlotte Perkins Gilman, American author, and her first cousin, George Houghton Gilman[19]
- Rudy Giuliani, former mayor of New York, and his second cousin once removed, Regina Peruggi[20]
- Duncan Grant, a famous Scottish painter, who was in a relationship with his male cousin, the English writer Lytton Strachey.[21]
- Edvard Grieg, famous Norwegian composer, and his first cousin, Nina Hagerup[22]
- Abdullah Gül, President of Turkey, and his first cousin, Hayrünnisa Özyurt[23]
H
- Benjamin Harrison V, American revolutionary leader, and his second cousin, Elizabeth Bassett[24]
- Alexander Herzen, Russian writer and political activist, and his cousin, Natalya Zakharina.[citation needed]
- Klara Hitler, daughter of Johann Pölzl and Johanna Hiedler. Either her grandfather Johann Nepomuk Hiedler or his brother was likely her husband Alois Hitler's biological father. Moreover, Johann was her future husband's step-uncle. Even after they were married, Klara still called her husband "Uncle". [2] [3]
- Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., the poet, and his second cousin, Amelia Lee Jackson[25]
- Stephen Hopkins, signer of the Declaration of Independence, and his second cousin, Sarah Scott[26]
J
- Jesse James and his first cousin, Zerelda "Zee" Mimms [27]
- Thomas Jefferson and his third cousin, Martha Wayles[citation needed]
K
- Naoto Kan, Diet of Japan, former leader of Democratic Party of Japan, and his cousin, Nobuko[citation needed]
- Nobusuke Kishi, former Japanese statesman, and his first cousin, Yoshiko Kishi[28]
L
- David Lean, British film director, and his first wife (first cousin, Isabel Lean).[citation needed]
- Jerry Lee Lewis, rock and roll musician, and his first cousin once removed, Myra Gale Brown[29]
- Abbott Lawrence Lowell, a former president of Harvard University, and his distant cousin, Anna Parker Lowell[30]
M
- John A. Macdonald, first prime minister of Canada, and his first cousin, Isabella Clark[31]
- Maeda Toshiie, Japanese Daimyō in 15th century, and his cousin, Matsu.[citation needed]
- Thomas Malthus, British academic, and his first cousin once removed, Harriet Eckersall[32]
- Delarivier Manley, British playwright and political satirist, and her first cousin John Manley[33]
- Francis Marion, American revolutionary leader also called the "Swamp Fox," and his first cousin, Mary Esther Videau[34]
- Abraham Maslow, father of humanistic psychology, and his first cousin, Bertha Goodman[35]
- Richard von Metternich (son of the famous Austrian Chancellor) and his niece, Pauline von Metternich.
- Mōri Terumoto, Japanese Daimyo in late 15th and early 16th century, and his cousin (first wife), Minami no Kata.[citation needed]
- Samuel Eliot Morison, historian, and his first cousin once removed, Agnes Priscilla Randolph Barton[citation needed]
- Samuel F. B. Morse, inventor of the Morse code, and his first cousin once removed, Sarah Elizabeth Griswold, his second wife[36]
N
- Naoe Kanetsugu, Japanese samurai and Karō of the Uesugi clan in 15th and 16th century, and his cousin, Osen.[citation needed]
O
- Ōtomo no Yakamochi, Japanese statesman and waka poet in the Nara period, and his cousin, Sakanoue no Ōiratsume.[citation needed]
P
- Edgar Allan Poe and his cousin, Virginia Clemm[37]
- Bolesław Prus, Polish novelist, and his cousin, Oktawia Trembińska.[38]
R
- Sergei Rachmaninoff, composer, and his cousin, Natalia Satina[39]
- Satyajit Ray, Indian film-maker, and his first cousin, Bijoya Ray[citation needed]
- Franklin D. Roosevelt, former US president, and his fifth cousin, Anna Eleanor Roosevelt[40]
S
- Eisaku Sato, former prime minister of Japan, and his cousin, Hiroko Sato[41]
- Greta Scacchi, actress of Presumed Innocent, and her first cousin, Carlo Mantegazza [42]
- Henryk Sienkiewicz, Polish novelist, and his niece, Maria Babska.[43]
- Igor Stravinsky, composer, and his cousin, Katerina Nossenko[44]
T
- Toyotomi Hideyori, Japanese Daimyō, a son of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and his cousin, Senhime.[45]
V
- Martin Van Buren, former president of the US, and his first cousin once removed, Hannah Hoes[46]
W
- H. G. Wells, author, and his first cousin, Isabel Mary Wells (first wife)[47]
- William Whipple, signer of the Declaration of Independence, and his first cousin, Catherine Moffatt[48]
See also
References
- ^ "Relationship calculator". http://roglo.eu/roglo?lang=en;i=518129.
- ^ "Tracing Kate's Family Tree". http://www.etoile.co.uk/Columns/Ken/080120.html.
- ^ http://elysiumgates.com/~helena/leonidas.html
- ^ This Day in History in 1828, www.history.com, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Durant, Will; Ariel Durant (1965). The Age of Voltaire: a History of Civilization in Western Europe from 1715 to 1756, with Special Emphasis on the Conflict between Religion and Philosophy. New York: Simon and Schuster. pp. 391–93.
- ^ HOASM: Johann Sebastian Bach, Here of a Sunday Morning, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Charles Bulfinch biography, nndb, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Floride Bonneau Colhoun Calhoun (Mrs. John C. Calhoun), Clemson University, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Jeanne Calment, World's Elder, Dies at 122, The New York Times, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ THREE GENERATIONS OF CARROLLS, Charles Carroll House, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Intimate Disclosures in Darwin Letters, The New York Times, 8-29-1915, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Peter Raven & George Johnson (1995). Understanding Biology 3rd Edition. Wm. C. Brown Communications. p. 287. ISBN 0-697-22213-6.
- ^ "Alfred I. duPont Papers". http://library.wlu.edu/research/specialcollections/alfredid.pdf. Retrieved 2008-05-19.
- ^ Albert Einstein -- Great Minds, Great Thinkers, edInformatics, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Notable Kin: NEW HAMPSHIRE, RHODE ISLAND, AND CONSTITUTION SIGNERS, New England Historic Genealogical Society, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Notable Kin: Boston Cousins of Queen Victoria and Yankee Ancestors of Mrs. Thomas Philip, New England Historic Genealogical Society, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Goodwin, Doris Kearns (2001). The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys: An American Saga. Simon and Schuster. pp.88-89.
- ^ Carlo Gambino, His Rise As New York's Mafia King, John J. Flood and Jim McGough, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Biographies - Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Gale Group, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Rudy Giuliani, nndb, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Spalding, Frances. Duncan Grant: A Biography. Random House. ISBN 0712666400.
- ^ Edward and Nina Grieg, Peter Hughes, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Abdullah Gül, nndb, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ The Bloodlines of Statesment and Noblemen, Pat Roberts, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Notable Kin - The Flowering of New England, Part Two: The Poets Bryant, Holmes, Longfellow, J.R. Lowell, and Whittier, Gary Boyd Roberts, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Notable Kin: NEW HAMPSHIRE, RHODE ISLAND, AND CONSTITUTION SIGNERS, New England Historic and Genealogical Society, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Zee James - Wife of Jesse James, Kathy Weiser, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Nobusuke Kishi Biography, Encyclopedia of World Biography, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Jerry Lee Lewis, Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Harvard's Unitarian Presidents - Abbott Lawrence Lowell, Katia Savchuk, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ The Great Enterprise, CBC, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Conversations with Maltus, Dr Suzanne Rickard, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ [1], Delarivier Manely
- ^ Brigadier General Francis Marion of the American Army, myrevolutionarywar.com, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Abraham Maslow, nndb, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Morse Papers, Library of Congress, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Outlines of English and American Literature, William J. Long, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Tyszkiewicz, Teresa (1971). Bolesław Prus. Warsaw: Państwowe Zakłady Wydawnictw Szkolnych. pp. 28–30.
- ^ Biography of Sergei Rachmaninoff, Sonal Panse, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Biography of Eleanor Roosevelt, FDR Library, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ The Wife Tells All, Time Magazine, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ This much I know: Greta Scacchi, actor, 48, Sussex, The Observer, retrieved 1-04-2009
- ^ They married in 1904. See the Polish Wikipedia article on "Henryk Sienkiewicz."
- ^ Igor Stravinsky, nndb, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Shogun and Samurai - Tales of Nobunaga, Hideyoshi, and Ieyasu, Okanoya Shigezane, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ Martin van Buren, The New Netherland Institute, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ H.G. Wells, Free Online Library, retrieved 3-13-2008
- ^ William Whipple and the Declaration of Independence, Speech given by Comrade Joseph Foster, Paymaster U.S. Navy, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 11-20-1892, retrieved 3-13-2008
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