This is a list of physical video connectors and related video signal standards. For other video-related standards, please see the main article, video.
Contents |
By signal standard
| Signal standard name | Year introduced | Connector | Analog or digital | Max resolution | Used forcu | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Composite video | 1956 [1] | 1 RCA, BNC, Antenna socket, or Mini-VGA | Analog | 720 x 576i @ 50 720 x 480i @ 59.94 |
Consumer electronics, including VCR and LaserDisc, 1970-1980s home computers like the Commodore VIC-20, 1980s-1990s video game consoles, some laptops | Used with PAL, NTSC or SECAM color. |
| S-Video | 1979 | 1 Mini-DIN 4 pin, 1 Mini-VGA, 2 BNC, 2 RCA connectors | Analog | 720 x 576i @ 50, 720 x 480i @ 59.94 |
S-VHS, some laptop computers, analog broadcast video, 1980-1990s home computers including the Commodore C64, C128 and Atari 8-bit | The 4-pin mini-DIN that is most common in consumer products today debuted in JVC's 1987 S-VHS. Used with PAL, NTSC or SECAM color |
| SCART | 1977 | SCART 21-pin | Analog | 720 x 576i @ 50, 720 x 480i @ 59.94 |
Consumer electronics, Commodore-Amiga and various video games | Europe "unified" A/V interface for composite video, composite sync + RGB, audio and S-video. Composite and s-video are used with PAL, NTSC or SECAM color. |
| CGA | 1981 | DE-9 | Digital | 640 x 200 @ 60 | Pre-i80386 x86 machines | |
| MDA | 1981 | DE-9 | Digital | 720 x 350 @ 50, Text only | ||
| HGC | 1982 | DE-9[2] | Digital | 720 x 348 @ 50 | ||
| EGA | 1984 | DE-9 | Digital | 640 x 350 @ 60 | ||
| Amiga video | 1985 | DB23 | Both, GenLock | 1280 x 400/512 @ 60/50 | Commodore-Amiga | Similar to SCART, but also includes a digital RGBI signal, Genlock clock, composite sync and +12/+5VDC power [3] |
| VGA | 1987 | VGA connector variants include DE-15/HD-15 (canonical), DE-9, RGBHV, and Mini-VGA. Also carried by Mini-DVI. | Analog | 2048 x 1536 @ 85 [4] | Introduced with IBM x86 machines, but became a universal analog display interface. VESA Display Data Channel was later added to allow monitors to identify themselves to graphic cards, and graphic cards to modify monitor settings. | Successor analog protocols include SVGA, XGA, etc. DVI is a more modern digital alternative. |
| Mac-II/Quadra | 1987 | DA15F | Analog | 1152 x 870 @ 75 | Macintosh | Mac-DA15F and Sun-13W3 were similar in capability to VGA. Some Sun machines used 4 or 5 BNC connectors to transfer video signal. |
| 13W3 | 1990 | DB13W3 | Analog | 1152 x 900 @ 76 | Sun computer systems | |
| OpenLDI | 1998 | MDR36 | LVDS Digital | |||
| Component video | 1990s | 3 RCA or BNC | Analog | 1920×1080 @ 60 1280×720 @ 60 720×480 @ 60 | consumer electronics | Usually YPbPr |
| D-Terminal | 1990s | Apple-AAUI | Analog | 1920×1080 @ 60 | Japanese consumer electronics | Uses component video and resolution selection via voltage levels. |
| Digital Visual Interface (DVI) | 1999 | DVI, Mini-DVI, Micro-DVI | Both | 2560 x 1600 @ 60 | Recent video cards | Almost a ubiquitous computer display link. Uncompressed video only. High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP). Encryption is optional. |
| ADC | 2000 | Apple-ADC | Both | 2560 x 1600 @ 60 | Apple Inc. Macintoshes and monitors | Proprietary connector with DVI signals |
| High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) | 2003 | HDMI Type A/C |
Digital | 2560 x 1600 @ 75 | Many A/V systems and video cards (including motherboards with IGP) | High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP). Encryption is mandatory. |
| DisplayPort | 2007 | 20-pin (external) 32-pin (internal) |
Digital | 2560 x 1600 @ 75 | Apple Inc. and Dell monitors upcoming: ATI RV670 based graphics cards and NVIDIA G92 graphics cards (both as OEM optional implementations) |
DisplayPort introduced the 128bit-AES to replace HDCP. DisplayPort version 1.1 added support for HDCP. |
| Serial Digital Interface | BNC | Digital | From 143 Mbit/s to 2.970 Gbit/s, depending on variant. 480i, 576i, 480p, 576p, 720p, 1080i, 1080p. | Broadcast video. Variants include SD-SDI, HD-SDI, Dual Link HD-SDI, 3G-SDI. |
Physical connectors
| Image | Class or connector name | Used for | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| RF connectors (analog radio frequency signals). Generally use coaxial cable types such as RG-6 and RG-59 (except for twin-lead). | |||
 Belling-Lee connector / IEC 169-2 connector |
TV aerial plug, (a.k.a. PAL connector in Europe) | Most video devices in the world (other than the United States) connected directly to a roof antenna. Used by early home computers and game consoles to connect them to TVs because the lack of any other connector. | Generally not used in the United States. |
 |
BNC (Bayonet Neill-Concelman) | Alternative to RCA for professional video electronics. Protocols: Serial Digital Interface (SDI) and HD-SDI. | 75 Ω for video signal on, for example, RG59 e RG6. |
 50Ω (white/bottom row) and 75Ω C connectors (red/top row) |
C connector (Concelman connector) | ||
| GR connector (General Radio connector) | |||
 |
F connector | Used for U.S. TV antenna installations and satellite and cable systems worldwide. Also common in U.S. for early home computers & game consoles, older VCRs, RF modulators, and even CECBs due to lack of other connectors. | |
 |
N connector (Neill connector) | ||
 TNC connector (left), compared with BNC (right) |
Threaded Neill-Concelman connector (TNC) | ||
 |
Twin-lead | Used for older U.S. TV antenna installations. Current use generally limited to baluns to adapt 300Ω twin-lead to/from 75Ω F connector. | Replaced by F connector. |
 |
UHF connector (e.g. PL-259/SO-239) | ||
| D-subminiature family | |||
 DE-15 male plug. |
VGA connector (DE-15 is a common variant.) | Became a nearly ubiquitous analog computer display connector after first being introduced with IBM x86 machines. Older VGA connectors were DE-9 (9-pin). The modern DE-15 connector can carry VESA Display Data Channel to allow the monitor to communicate with the graphics card, and optionally vice versa.[5] | Being replaced by DVI from 1990 onwards.[citation needed] |
 |
DB13W3 | Analog computer video, color and monochrome. Sun Microsystems, Silicon Graphics, IBM RISC, Intergraph and some Apple Computer computer workstations. | Obsolete; replaced by VGA and DVI. Same connector was used by 3Com for a redundant PSU on the 3300 switch family. |
| DVI-related | |||
 Single-link DVI-D male plug.
|
Digital Visual Interface (DVI). 5 variants are: DVI-I single link, DVI-I dual link, DVI-D single, DVI-D double, and DVI-A. | Almost ubiquitous for modern computer video cards. | |
 Male Mini-DVI plug on top of a 12-inch PowerBook G4; female port is second from left. |
Mini-DVI | VGA, DVI, television. Apple Computer alternative to Mini-VGA. | |
 Female Micro-DVI port (rightmost) on MacBook Air |
Micro-DVI | DVI-D dual link | |
 |
DMS-59 | DVI dual link | |
 |
Apple Display Connector | Combines DVI, USB, and power. | |
One of the 3 HDMI variants, male plug. |
High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) | High definition digital video devices (HDMI protocol) | Electrically compatible with DVI-D and DVD-I, using a simple adapter. |
| DIN/Mini-DIN | |||
 |
Mini-DIN 4-pin | S-Video | |
|
Various Mini-DIN configurations | Various systems and protocols - see Mini-DIN for details | |
| Others | |||
.jpg) 3 RCA connectors - yellow for composite video, and white and red for stereo audio |
RCA connector | Widely used in consumer electronics for audio and video. | A single connector must be used for each signal. |
 |
SCART | Consumer electronics, mostly in Europe. Carries stereophonic audio (analog), along with either composite video or RGB video. Some devices support S-Video sharing the same pins as composite video and RGB. | |
 D4 video connector |
D-Terminal | Popular in Japan for analog high definition video. Available sizes are D1 through D5. | Replacing RCA connectors.[citation needed] |
 Male Mini-VGA plug on top of an Apple laptop, female port is second from right. |
Mini-VGA (used for laptops) | Used for laptops, especially from Apple Computer and some from Sony. | |
 AV Multi (gold-plated male plugs) |
AV Multi | Sony proprietary. Combines composite video, S-Video, RGB, component video, and stereophonic sound (two analog channels). | |
 |
35-pin MicroCross Molex connector | VESA Enhanced Video Connector and VESA Plug and Display (a.k.a. M1-DA) both used this connector with slightly different pin assignments. These schemes combined VGA or digital video, audio, FireWire, and USB signals into a single connector. | Defunct, obsoleted by DFP and later DVI |
| HDI-45 | Apple proprietary. Combinines VGA, stereo audio and ADB. | Used only once | |
 Female port (20-pin) |
Digital Flat Panel | Used with the PanelLink digital video protocol. | Obsoleted by DVI |
| Unified Display Interface | Proposed to replace both DVI and HDMI. Deprecated by Intel in favor of DisplayPort. | ||
| 3.5mm (⅛") TRS connector | Analog camcorders commonly use a 3.5mm 4-contact TRS connector to carry composite video and stereo audio. | Jack appears identical to more common 3-contact stereo audio-only (Walkman) 3.5mm TRS connector. | |
 |
DisplayPort | DisplayPort is also the name of the protocol, which is proposed to replace DVI for computer monitors, and consumer electronics (such as home theatre systems). | |
 Male Mini DisplayPort plug |
Mini DisplayPort | Proposed alternative to HDMI, used with computer displays: (VGA, DVI) Apple Inc.'s successor to their own Mini-DVI. | |
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References
- ^ "What is CVBS video format - aus.tv.pay". http://groups.google.se/group/aus.tv.pay/browse_thread/thread/9fac4a26de804841/f59fa50df0338f35?lnk=st&q=CVBS++%22Fernseh%22++channel+nine+air++1956&rnum=1&hl=sv#f59fa50df0338f35. 070824 groups.google.se
- ^ "The PC video acronyms". http://philipstorr.id.au/pcbook/book3/videstan.htm. 070820 philipstorr.id.au
- ^ "Amiga video pinout". http://pinouts.ru/Video/AmigaVideo_pinout.shtml. pinouts.ru
- ^ 2560 x 1600 @ 60 Hz in theory [1], although few existing WQXGA device offers analog inputs (certain Barco projectors do)
- ^ VGA pinout and signals @ pinouts.ru
External links
- Monitor Ports Pinouts and other technical information; lacks more recent interfaces such as HDMI
- PC Graphics standard overview Simple table of PC video standards thru XGA with DB9 pinouts
- Summary of Video Standards at MonitorWorld.com up to XGA
- Standard and device-specific video interfaces pinouts Numerous standards described and categorized, including such recent ones as DVI and HDMI
- List of computer video standards and connectors pinouts Wiki format (including community updates and free redistribution); broad coverage including HDMI
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