This is a list of former European colonies.
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Contents
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North America
France
- Canada (most of eastern and central Canada)
- United States (entire basin of the Mississippi and Missouri rivers, Great Lakes)
- Haiti
Britain
- American territories east of the Mississippi (in modern USA)
- Thirteen colonies
- roughly the area of Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
- Alabama, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Mississippi, Ohio, Tennessee, Wisconsin
- Minnesota east of the Mississippi River
- Thirteen colonies
- Belize
- Canada
- Upper Canada, Lower Canada, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Labrador, British Columbia, lands administered by the Hudson's Bay Company (Rupert's Land and North-Western Territory)
- Mosquito Coast
- Oregon Country
Netherlands
- New Netherlands (Nieuw-Amsterdam / New York)
Portugal
- Claim to Labrador
- Settlement in Terra Nova (Newfoundland)
Russia
Spain
- Costa Rica
- El Salvador
- East Florida and West Florida
- Guatemala
- Honduras
- Mexico
- Nicaragua
- Settlement at Nootka, near Vancouver Island, Canada
- Southwestern United States - Arizona, California, Colorado, Louisiana, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Utah
Sweden
- New Sweden (Nya Sverige)
West Indies and the Caribbean
Brandenburg
Britain
Courland
Denmark
France
- Anguilla
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Dominica
- Dominican Republic
- Grenada
- Montserrat
- Nevis
- Saint Christophe (St Kitts)
- Saint Croix
- Saint-Domingue (Haiti)
- Sainte-Lucia (St Lucia)
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- Sint Eustatius
- Tobago
Knights of Malta
- Saint-Barthélemy
- Saint Christopher (St Kitts)
- Saint Croix
- Tortuga (off coast of Haiti)
Netherlands
Portugal
Spain
- Bahamas
- Cuba
- Island of Hispanola (Dominican Republic and Haiti)
- Jamaica
- Puerto Rico
- Trinidad
Sweden
South America
Britain
France
- Brazil (Rio de Janeiro briefly, and São Luís briefly)
(see France Antarctique and France Équinoxiale)
- Iles Malouines (Falkland Islands)
Netherlands
- Berbice (Guyana)
- Demerara
- Dutch Guiana (Suriname)
- Essequibo
- New Holland (Brazil - Half the capitanas)
Spain
- Argentina
- Bolivia
- Chile
- Colombia
- Ecuador
- Islas Malvinas (Falkland Islands)
- Paraguay
- Panama (formerly a part of Colombia)
- Peru
- Uruguay
- Venezuela
Portugal
Africa
Belgium
Brandenburg
- Arguin (in Mauritania)
- Brandenburger Gold Coast (coastal settlements in Ghana)
Britain
- Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (Sudan)
- Basutoland (Lesotho)
- Bechuanaland (Botswana)
- British East Africa (Kenya)
- British Somaliland (northern Somalia)
- British Togoland (eastern Ghana)
- Cameroons (split between Nigeria and Cameroon)
- Egypt
- Gambia
- Gold Coast (Ghana)
- Nigeria
- Northern Rhodesia (Zambia)
- Nyasaland (Malawi)
- Sierra Leone
- South Africa
- South-West Africa (Namibia)
- Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe)
- Swaziland
- Tanganyika (mainland Tanzania)
- Uganda
- Zanzibar (insular Tanzania)
Courland
- St. Andrews Island (in Gambia)
Denmark
- Danish Gold Coast (coastal settlements in Ghana)
France
- Albreda (in Gambia)
- Algeria
- Cameroon (91% of Cameroon)
- Chad
- Dahomey (Benin)
- French Congo (Republic of Congo)
- French Guinea (Guinea)
- French Upper Volta (Republic of Upper Volta, Burkina Faso)
- French Somaliland (Djibouti)
- French Sudan (Mali)
- French Togoland (Togo)
- Gabon
- Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire)
- Mauritania
- Morocco (89% of Morocco)
- Niger
- Oubangui-Chari (Central African Republic)
- Senegal
- Tunisia
- Zanzibar (Tanzania)
Germany
- German East Africa (Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania)
- German South West Africa (Namibia)
- Kamerun (split between Cameroon and Nigeria)
- Togoland (split between Togo and Ghana)
- Wituland
Italy
Netherlands
- Angola (Luanda, Sonyo and Cabinda)
- Arguin Island (in Mauritania)
- Dutch Gold Coast (settlements along coast of Ghana, including El Mina)
- Goree (in Senegal)
- Moçambique (Delagoa Bay)
- Sao Tomé
- South Africa. The Dutch Cape Colony (Kaapstad / Cape Town)
Portugal
- Ajuda (Whydah, in Benin)
- Angola
- Annobon
- Cabinda
- Ceuta
- Goree (in Senegal)
- Malindi
- Mombasa
- Morocco enclaves
- Mozambique
- Portuguese Gold Coast (settlements along coast of Ghana)
- Portuguese Guinea (Guinea-Bissau)
- Quíloa
- São Tomé and Príncipe
- Tangier
- Zanzibar
- Ziguinchor
Spain
- Bona
- Bougie
- Jerba
- Fernando Po and Annobon (insular Equatorial Guinea)
- Oran
- Port Guinea
- Rio Muni (mainland Equatorial Guinea)
- Spanish Morocco
- Spanish Sahara
Sweden
- Swedish Gold Coast (coastal settlements in Ghana)
Indian Ocean
France
Netherlands
Portugal
Middle East
France
- Hatay (Sanjak of Alexandretta, now called Hatay province)
- Lebanon
- Syria
- Yemen (Cheik-Saïd peninsula)
Netherlands
- Jemen, Al Mukha (Mocca)
- Mesopotamia (Iraq, Al Basrah)
Britain
Portugal
Indian Subcontinent
Austria
Britain
- Bhutan
- British India (After independence from Britain,` British India became Pakistan (East and West) and India - later Pakistan's eastern territories were to become Bangladesh)
- Burma (Myanmar)
- Ceylon (Sri Lanka)
Denmark
France
- India
- Pondicherry, Karikal, Yanaon, Mahé, and Chandernagore
Netherlands
- Bengalen (Bangladesh)
- Burma (Myanmar) (Mrohaung (Arakan), Siriangh, Syriam, Ava, Martaban)
- Ceylon
- India (Suratte, Malabar, Coromandel)
Portugal
- Bombay
- Calicut
- Cambay
- Cannanore
- Ceylon (Cilão)
- Chaul
- Chittagong
- Cochin
- Dadra and Nagar Haveli
- Daman and Diu
- Goa
- Hughli
- Masulipatnam
- Mangalore
- Surat
- Syriam
Asia-Pacific
Britain
- Australia
- Brunei
- New Zealand
- Malaysia
- Singapore
- Western Samoa
- Philippines
- Phoenix Islands (part of Kiribati)
- Solomon Islands
- Hong Kong
Belgium
- Tientsin (concession territory)
France
- Indochina
- New Hebrides (Vanuatu, condominium with Britain)
Germany
- Bismarck Archipelago
- Caroline Islands (Karolinen)
- German Samoa
- Jiaozhou Bay (Kiautschou)
- Kaiser-Wilhelmsland
- Marshall Islands
- Nauru
- North Solomon Islands
- Northern Marianas Islands (Marianen)
- Palau
Netherlands
Portugal
Spain
- Philippines
- Spanish East Indies
- Marianas Islands (Ladrones)
- Guam
- Northern Marianas Islands
- Marshall Islands
- Caroline Islands
Europe
Austria
- Austrian Netherlands
- thea
France
Britain
- Corsica (the Anglo-Corsican Kingdom was a protectorate or in personal union with Britain)
- Cyprus
- Heligoland
- Ionian islands
- Ireland (first as the Lordship of Ireland, later not a colony but an integral part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland)
- Malta
- Minorca
Denmark
Greece
Italy
See also: Colonia (Roman)
Norway
See also: Viking expansion
Russia
Spain
Sweden
Main article: Dominions of Sweden
See also
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