Brazil has the largest mammal diversity in the world, with more than 500 described species and, probably, many yet to be discovered. According to the World Conservation Union sixty-six of these species are endangered species and 40% of the threatened taxa belong to the primate group.
Total Number of species listed: 589 [1]
Didelphimorphia
Didelphidae - Opossums
- Brown-eared Woolly Opossum - Caluromys lanatus
- Bare-tailed Woolly Opossum - Caluromys philander
- Black-shouldered Opossum - Caluromysiops irrupta
- Bushy-tailed Opossum - Glironia venusta
- Water Opossum - Chironectes minimus
- White-eared Opossum - Didelphis albiventris
- Big-eared Opossum - Didelphis aurita
- Guianan White-eared Opossum - Didelphis imperfecta
- Lutrine Opossum - Lutreolina crassicaudata
- Anderson's Four-eyed Opossum - Philander andersoni
- Southeastern Four-eyed Opossum - Philander frenata
- McIlhenny's Four-eyed Opossum - Philander mcilhennyi
- Gray Four-eyed Opossum - Philander opossum
- Agile Gracile Opossum - Gracilianus agilis
- Emilia's Gracile Opossum - Gracilianus emiliae
- Brazilian Gracile Opossum - Gracilianus microtarsus
- Rufous Mouse Opossum - Marmosa lepida
- Linnaeus's Mouse Opossum - Marmosa murina
- Tschudi's Slender Opossum - Marmosops impavidus
- Gray Slender Opossum - Marmosops incanus
- Neblina Slender Opossum - Marmosops neblina
- White-bellied Slender Mouse Opossum - Marmosops noctivagus
- Delicate Slender Opossum - Marmosops parvidens
- Brazilian Slender Opossum - Marmosops paulensis
- Pinheiro's Slender Opossum - Marmosops pinheiroi
- Brown Four-eyed Opossum - Metachirus nudicaudatus
- White-bellied Woolly Mouse Opossum - Micoureus constantiae
- Woolly Mouse Opossum - Micoureus demerarae
- Bare-tailed Woolly Mouse Opossum - Micoureus regina
- Northern Three-striped Opossum - Monodelphis americana
- Northern Red-sided Opossum - Monodelphis brevicaudata
- Yellow-sided Opossum - Monodelphis dimidiata
- Gray Short-tailed Opossum - Monodelphis domestica
- Emilia's Short-tailed Opossum - Monodelphis emiliae
- Ihering's Three-striped Opossum - Monodelphis iheringi
- Pygmy Short-tailed Opossum - Monodelphis kunsi
- Marajó Short-tailed Opossum - Monodelphis maraxina
- Chestnut-striped Opossum - Monodelphis rubida
- Long-nosed Short-tailed Opossum - Monodelphis scalops
- Southern Red-sided Opossum - Monodelphis sorex
- Southern Three-striped Opossum - Monodelphis theresa
- Red Three-striped Opossum - Monodelphis umbristriata
- One-striped Opossum - Monodelphis unistriata
- Dwarf Fat-tailed Mouse Opossum - Thylamys velutinus
Xenarthra
Bradypodidae - Three-toed Sloths
- Maned Sloth - Bradypus torquatus
- Pale-throated Sloth - Bradypus tridactylus
- Brown-throated Sloth - Bradypus variegatus
Megalonychidae - Two-toed Sloth
- Linnaeus's Two-toed Sloth - Choloepus didactylus
- Hoffmann's Two-toed Sloth - Choloepus hoffmanni
Dasypodidae - Armadillos
- Greater Naked-tailed Armadillo - Cabassous tatouay
- Southern Naked-tailed Armadillo - Cabassous unicinctus
- Southern Long-nosed Armadillo - Dasypus hybridus
- Great Long-nosed Armadillo - Dasypus kappleri
- Nine-banded Armadillo - Dasypus novemcinctus
- Seven-banded Armadillo - Dasypus septemcinctus
- Six-banded Armadillo - Euphractus sexcinctus
- Giant Armadillo - Priodontes maximus
- Southern Three-banded Armadillo - Tolypeutes matacus
- Brazilian Three-banded Armadillo - Tolypeutes tricinctus
Myrmecophagidae - Anteaters
- Silky Anteater - Cyclopes didactylus
- Giant Anteater - Myrmecophaga tridactyla
- Southern Tamandua - Tamandua tetradactyla
Chiroptera
Noctilionidae - Bulldog Bats
- Lesser Bulldog Bat - Noctilio albiventris
- Greater Bulldog Bat - Noctilio leporinus
Emballonuridae - Ghost Bats, Sac-winged Bats and Allies
- Shaggy Bat - Centronycteris maximiliani
- Short-eared Bat - Cyttarops alecto
- Northern Ghost Bat - Diclidurus albus
- Greater Ghost Bat - Diclidurus ingens
- Isabelle's Ghost Bat - Diclidurus isabellus
- Lesser Ghost Bat - Diclidurus scutatus
- Greater Dog-like Bat - Peropteryx kappleri
- White-winged Dog-like Bat - Peropteryx leucoptera
- Lesser Doglike Bat - Peropteryx macrotis
- Proboscis Bat - Rhynchonycteris naso
- Greater Sac-winged Bat - Saccopteryx bilineata
- Frosted Sac-winged Bat - Saccopteryx canescens
- Amazonian Sac-winged Bat - Saccopteryx gymnura
- Lesser Sac-winged Bat - Saccopteryx leptura
Mormoopidae - Mustached Bats
- Big Naked-backed Bat - Pteronotus gymnonotus
- Parnell's Mustached Bat - Pteronotus parnellii
- Wagner's Mustached Bat - Pteronotus personatus
Phyllostomidae - Leaf-nosed Bats
- Little White-shouldered Bat - Ametrida centurio
- Tailed Tailless Bat - Anoura caudifer
- Geoffroy's Tailless Bat - Anoura geoffroyi
- Brown Fruit-eating Bat - Artibeus concolor
- Fringed Fruit-eating Bat - Artibeus fimbriatus
- Jamaican Fruit-eating Bat - Artibeus jamaicensis
- Great Fruit-eating Bat - Artibeus lituratus
- Dark Fruit-eating Bat - Artibeus obscurus
- Silky Short-tailed Bat - Carollia brevicauda
- Chestnut Short-tailed Bat - Carollia castanea
- Seba's Short-tailed Bat - Carollia perspicillata
- Short-tailed Bat - Carollia sowelli
- Brazilian Big-eyed Bat - Chiroderma doriae
- Little Big-eyed Bat - Chiroderma trinitatum
- Hairy Big-eyed Bat - Chiroderma villosum
- Minor Long-nosed Long-tongued Bat - Choeroniscus minor
- Big-eared Wooly Bat - Chrotopterus auritus
- Andersen's Fruit-eating Bat - Dermanura anderseni
- Gervais's Fruit-eating Bat - Dermanura cinerea
- Silver Fruit-eating Bat - Dermanura glauca
- Gnome Fruit-eating Bat - Dermanura gnoma
- Pygmy Fruit-eating Bat - Dermanura phaeotis
- Vampire Bat - Desmodus rotundus
- White-winged Vampire Bat - Diaemus youngi
- Hairy-legged Vampire - Diphylla ecaudata
- Commissaris's Long-tongued Bat - Glossophaga commissarisi
- Miller's Long-tongued Bat - Glossophaga longirostris
- Pallas's Long-tongued Bat - Glossophaga soricina
- Tricolored Big-eared Bat - Glyphonycteris sylvestris
- Yellow-throated Big-eared Bat - Lampronycteris brachyotis
- Dark Long-tongued Bat - Lichonycteris obscura
- Chestnut Long-tongued Bat - Lionycteris spurrelli
- Bokermann's Nectar Bat - Lonchophylla bokermanni
- Dekeyser's Nectar Bat - Lonchophylla dekeyseri
- Godman's Nectar Bat - Lonchophylla mordax
- Thomas's Nectar Bat - Lonchophylla thomasi
- Tomes's Sword-nosed Bat - Lonchorhina aurita
- Northern Sword-nosed Bat - Lonchorhina inusitata
- Marinkelle's Sword-nosed Bat - Lonchorhina marinkellei
- Pygmy Round-eared Bat - Lophostoma brasiliense
- Carriker's Round-eared Bat - Lophostoma carrikeri
- White-throated Round-eared Bat - Lophostoma silvicolum
- Long-legged Bat - Macrophyllum macrophyllum
- MacConnell's Bat - Mesophylla macconnelli
- Behni's Big-eared Bat - Micronycteris behnii
- Brosset's Big-eared Bat - Micronycteris brosseti
- Hairy Big-eared Bat - Micronycteris hirsuta
- Matses' Big-eared Bat - Micronycteris matses
- Little Big-eared Bat - Micronycteris megalotis
- Common Big-eared Bat - Micronycteris microtis
- White-bellied Big-eared Bat - Micronycteris minuta
- Sanborn's Big-eared Bat - Micronycteris sanborni
- Schmidts's Big-eared Bat - Micronycteris schmidtorum
- Golden Bat - Mimon bennettii
- Striped Hairy-nosed Bat - Mimon crenulatum
- Least Big-eared Bat - Neonycteris pusilla
- Pale-faced Bat - Phylloderma stenops
- Pale Spear-nosed Bat - Phyllostomus discolor
- Lesser Spear-nosed Bat - Phyllostomus elongatus
- Greater Spear-nosed Bat - Phyllostomus hastatus
- Guianan Spear-nosed Bat - Phyllostomus latifolius
- Short-headed Broad-nosed Bat - Platyrrhinus brachycephalus
- Heller's Broad-nosed Bat - Platyrrhinus helleri
- Buffy Broad-nosed Bat - Platyrrhinus infuscus
- White-lined Broad-nosed Bat - Platyrrhinus lineatus
- Recife Broad-nosed Bat - Platyrrhinus recifinus
- Ipanema Bat - Pygoderma bilabiatum
- Fischer's Little Fruit Bat - Rhinophylla fischerae
- Dwarf Little Fruit Bat - Rhinophylla pumilio
- Ega Long-tongued Bat - Scleronycteris ega
- Visored Bat - Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum
- Little Yellow-shouldered Bat - Sturnira lilium
- Tilda's Yellow-shouldered Bat - Sturnira tildae
- Greater Round-eared Bat - Tonatia bidens
- Stripe-headed Round-eared Bat - Tonatia saurophila
- Fringe-lipped Bat - Trachops cirrhosus
- Niceforo's Big-eared Bat - Trinycteris nicefori
- Tent-making Bat - Uroderma bilobatum
- Brown Tent-making Bat - Uroderma magnirostrum
- Southern Little Yellow-eared Bat - Vampyressa pusilla
- Northern Little Yellow-eared Bat - Vampyressa thyone
- Bidentate Yellow-eared Bat - Vampyriscus bidens
- Brock's Yellow-eared Bat - Vampyriscus brocki
- Great Stripe-faced Bat - Vampyrodes caraccioli
- Spectral Bat - Vampyrum spectrum
Natalidae - Funnel-eared Bats
- Mexican Funnel-eared Bat - Natalus stramineus
Furipteridae - Thumbless Bats
- Thumbless Bat - Furipterus horrens
Thyropteridae - Disc-winged Bats
- Peter's Disk-winged Bat - Thyroptera discifera
- Spix's Disk-winged Bat - Thyroptera tricolor
Vespertilionidae - Vesper Bats
- Brazilian Brown Bat - Eptesicus brasiliensis
- Diminutive Serotine - Eptesicus diminutus
- Argentine Brown Bat - Eptesicus furinalis
- Strange Big-eared Brown Bat - Histiotus alienus
- Tropical Big-eared Brown Bat - Histiotus velatus
- Western Red Bat - Lasiurus blossevillii
- Hoary bat - Lasiurus cinereus
- Hairy-tailed Bat - Lasiurus ebenus
- Southern Yellow Bat - Lasiurus ega
- Big Red Bat - Lasiurus egregius
- Silver-tipped Myotis - Myotis albescens
- Yellowish Myotis - Myotis levis
- Black Myotis - Myotis nigricans
- Riparian Myotis - Myotis riparius
- Red Myotis - Myotis ruber
- Velvety Myotis - Myotis simus
- Black-winged Little Yellow Bat - Rhogeessa tumida
Molossidae - Free-tailed Bats
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- Cinnamon Dog-faced Bat - Cynomops abrasus
- Para Dog-faced Bat - Cynomops paranus
- Southern Dog-faced Bat - Cynomops planirostris
- Black Bonneted Bat - Eumops auripendulus
- Dwarf Bonneted Bat - Eumops bonariensis
- Wagner's Bonneted Bat - Eumops glaucinus
- Sanborn's Bonneted Bat - Eumops hansae
- Western Bonneted Bat - Eumops perotis
- Colombian Bonneted Bat - Eumops trumbulli
- Rufous Dog-faced Bat - Molossops neglectus
- Dwarf Dog-faced Bat - Molossops temminckii
- Bonda Mastiff Bat - Molossus bondae
- Velvety Free-tailed Bat - Molossus molossus
- Black Mastiff Bat - Molossus rufus
- Mato Grosso Dog-faced Bat - Neoplatymops mattogrossensis
- Peale's Free-tailed Bat - Nyctinomops aurispinosus
- Broad-eared Bat - Nyctinomops laticaudatus
- Big Free-tailed Bat - Nyctinomops macrotis
- Big Crested Mastiff Bat - Promops centralis
- Brown Mastiff Bat - Promops nasutus
- Brazilian Free-tailed Bat - Tadarida brasiliensis
Primates
Callitrichidae - Tamarins, Lion Tamarins and Marmosets
- Dwarf Marmoset - Callibella humilis
- Goeldi's Marmoset - Callimico goeldii
- Buffy-tufted Marmoset - Callithrix aurita
- Buffy-headed Marmoset - Callithrix flaviceps
- White-headed Marmoset - Callithrix geoffroyi
- Common Marmoset - Callithrix jacchus
- Wied's Marmoset - Callithrix kuhlii
- Black-tufted Marmoset - Callithrix penicillata
- Pygmy Marmoset - Cebuella pygmaea
- Superagui Lion Tamarin - Leontopithecus caissara
- Golden-headed Lion Tamarin - Leontopithecus chrysomelas
- Black Lion Tamarin - Leontopithecus chrysopygus
- Golden Lion Tamarin - Leontopithecus rosalia
- Rio Acari Marmoset - Mico acariensis
- Golden-and-white Marmoset - Mico chrysoleucus
- Emilia's Marmoset - Mico emiliae
- Santarem Marmoset - Mico humeralifer
- Aripuanã Marmoset - Mico intermedius
- White Marmoset - Mico leucippe
- Manicore Marmoset - Mico manicorensis
- Marca's Marmoset - Mico marcai
- Maués Marmoset - Mico mauesi
- Black-tailed Marmoset - Mico melanurus
- Black-headed Marmoset - Mico nigriceps
- Sateré Marmoset - Mico saterei
- Pied Tamarin - Saguinus bicolor
- Brown-mantled Tamarin - Saguinus fuscicollis
- Emperor Tamarin - Saguinus imperator
- Mottled-face Tamarin - Saguinus inustus
- White-lipped Tamarin - Saguinus labiatus
- Martin's Tamarin - Saguinus martinsi
- Red-handed Tamarin - Saguinus midas
- Moustached Tamarin - Saguinus mystax
- Black Tamarin - Saguinus niger
- Black-mantled Tamarin - Saguinus nigricollis
Cebidae - Capuchin Monkeys
- White-fronted Capuchin - Cebus albifrons
- Tufted Capuchin - Cebus apella
- Kaapori Capuchin - Cebus kaapori
- Black-striped Capuchin - Cebus libidinosus
- Large-headed Capuchin - Cebus macrocephalus
- Black Capuchin - Cebus nigritus
- Weeper Capuchin - Cebus olivaceus
- Crested Capuchin - Cebus robustus
- Golden-bellied Capuchin - Cebus xanthosternos
- Black-capped Squirrel Monkey - Saimiri boliviensis
- Common Squirrel Monkey - Saimiri sciureus
- Bare-eared Squirrel Monkey - Saimiri ustus
- Black Squirrel Monkey - Saimiri vanzolinii
Aotidae - Night Monkeys
- Feline Night Monkey - Aotus infulatus
- Nancy Ma's Night Monkey - Aotus nancymaae
- Black-headed Night Monkey - Aotus nigriceps
- Three-striped Night Monkey - Aotus trivirgatus
- Spix's Night Monkey - Aotus vociferans
Pitheciidae - Uakaris, Titi Monkeys and Saki Monkeys
- Bald Uakari - Cacajao calvus
- Black-headed Uakari - Cacajao melanocephalus
- Aracá Uakari - Cacajao ayresi
- Neblina Uakari - Cacajao hosomi
- Baptista Lake Titi - Callicebus baptista
- Barbara Brown's Titi - Callicebus barbarabrownae
- Prince Bernhard's Titi - Callicebus bernhardi
- Brown Titi - Callicebus brunneus
- Chestnut-bellied Titi - Callicebus caligatus
- Ashy Black Titi - Callicebus cinerascens
- Coimbra Filho's Titi - Callicebus coimbrai
- Coppery Titi - Callicebus cupreus
- White-eared Titi - Callicebus donacophilus
- Hershkovitz's Titi - Callicebus dubius
- Hoffmann's Titi - Callicebus hoffmannsi
- Lucifer Titi - Callicebus lucifer
- Black Titi - Callicebus lugens
- Coastal Black-handed Titi - Callicebus melanochir
- Red-bellied Titi - Callicebus moloch
- Black-fronted Titi - Callicebus nigrifrons
- White-coated Titi - Callicebus pallescens
- Atlantic Titi - Callicebus personatus
- Rio Purus Titi - Callicebus purinus
- Red-headed Titi - Callicebus regulus
- Stephen Nash's Titi - Callicebus stephennashi
- Collared Titi - Callicebus torquatus
- White-nosed Saki - Chiropotes albinasus
- Red-backed Bearded Saki - Chiropotes chiropotes
- Brown-backed Bearded Saki - Chiropotes israelita
- Guianan Bearded Saki - Chiropotes sagulatus
- Black Bearded Saki - Chiropotes satanas
- Uta Hick's Bearded Saki - Chiropotes utahicki
- White-footed Saki - Pithecia albicans
- Rio Tapajós Saki - Pithecia irrorata
- Monk Saki - Pithecia monachus
- White-faced Saki - Pithecia pithecia
Atelidae - Spider Monkeys, Muriquis and Woolly Monkeys
- Red-handed Howler - Alouatta belzebul
- Black Howler - Alouatta caraya
- Brown Howler - Alouatta guariba
- Amazon Black Howler - Alouatta nigerrima
- Red Howler - Alouatta seniculus
- Howler Monkey - Alouatta ululata
- White-fronted Spider Monkey - Ateles belzebuth
- Peruvian Spider Monkey - Ateles chamek
- White-cheeked Spider Monkey - Ateles marginatus
- Red-faced Spider Monkey - Ateles paniscus
- Southern Muriqui - Brachyteles arachnoides
- Northern Muriqui - Brachyteles hypoxanthus
- Gray Woolly Monkey - Lagothrix cana
- Brown Woolly Monkey - Lagothrix lagothricha
- Silvery Woolly Monkey - Lagothrix poeppigii
Carnivora
Canidae - Foxes, Wolves and Allies
- Short-eared Dog - Atelocynus microtis
- Crab-eating Fox - Cerdocyon thous
- Maned Wolf - Chrysocyon brachyurus
- Pampas Fox - Lycalopex gymnocercus
- Hoary Fox - Lycalopex vetulus
- Bush Dog - Speothos venaticus
Felidae - Wild Cats
- Feral Cat - Felis catus (introduced species)
- Pantanal Cat - Leopardus braccatus
- Pampas Cat - Leopardus pajeros
- Geoffroy's Cat - Leopardus geoffroyi
- Ocelot - Leopardus pardalis
- Oncilla - Leopardus tigrinus
- Margay - Leopardus wiedii
- Jaguar - Panthera onca
- Puma - Puma concolor
- Jaguarundi - Puma yagouaroundi
Mustelidae - Otters, Weasels and Allies
- Tayra - Eira barbara
- Lesser Grison - Galictis cuja
- Greater Grison - Galictis vittata
- Neotropical River Otter - Lontra longicaudis
- Tropical Weasel - Mustela africana
- Long-tailed Weasel - Mustela frenata
- Giant Otter - Pteronura brasiliensis
Mephitidae - Skunks
- Molina's Hog-nosed Skunk - Conepatus chinga
- Striped Hog-nosed Skunk - Conepatus semistriatus
Otariidae - Eared Seals
- South American Fur Seal - Arctocephalus australis
- Subantarctic Fur Seal - Arctocephalus tropicalis
- South American Sea Lion - Otaria flavescens
Phocidae - Earless Seals
- Southern Elephant Seal - Mirounga leonina
Procyonidae - Raccoons, Coatis, Olingos and Allies
- Beddard's Olingo - Bassaricyon beddardi
- South American Coati - Nasua nasua
- Kinkajou - Potos flavus
- Crab-eating Raccoon - Procyon cancrivorus
Cetacea
Balaenidae - Right Whales
- Southern Right Whale - Eubalaena australis
Balaenopteridae - Rorquals
- Minke Whale - Balaenoptera acutorostrata
- Sei Whale - Balaenoptera borealis
- Bryde's Whale - Balaenoptera brydei
- Blue Whale - Balaenoptera musculus
- Fin Whale - Balaenoptera physalus
- Humpback Whale - Megaptera novaeangliae
Delphinidae - Dolphins
- Long-beaked Common Dolphin - Delphinus capensis
- Pygmy Killer Whale - Feresa attenuata
- Short-finned Pilot Whale - Globicephala macrorhynchus
- Long-finned Pilot Whale - Globicephala melas
- Risso's Dolphin - Grampus griseus
- Fraser's Dolphin - Lagenodelphis hosei
- Southern Right-Whale Dolphin - Lissodelphis peronii
- Killer Whale - Orcinus orca
- Melon-headed Whale - Peponocephala electra
- False Killer Whale - Pseudorca crassidens
- Costero - Sotalia guianensis
- Tucuxi - Sotalia fluviatilis
- Pantropical Spotted Dolphin - Stenella attenuata
- Clymene Dolphin - Stenella clymene
- Striped Dolphin - Stenella coeruleoalba
- Spinner Dolphin - Stenella longirostris
- Rough-toothed Dolphin - Steno bredanensis
- Bottlenose Dolphin - Tursiops truncatus
Phocoenidae - Porpoises
- Spectacled Porpoise - Phocoena dioptrica
Physeteridae
- Sperm Whale - Physeter macrocephalus
Platanistidae - River Dolphins
- Amazon River Dolphin - Inia geoffrensis
- La Plata Dolphin - Pontoporia blainvillei
Ziphiidae - Beaked Whales
- Arnoux's Beaked Whale - Berardius arnuxii
- Southern Bottlenose Whale - Hyperoodon planifrons
- Blainville's Beaked Whale - Mesoplodon densirostris
- Hector's Beaked Whale - Mesoplodon hectori
- Cuvier's Beaked Whale - Ziphius cavirostris
Sirenia
Trichechidae - Manatees
- Amazonian Manatee - Trichechus inunguis
- West Indian Manatee - Trichechus manatus
Perissodactyla
Tapiridae - Tapirs
- Brazilian Tapir - Tapirus terrestris
Artiodactyla
Suidae - Pigs
- Feral Hog - Sus scrofa (introduced species)
Tayassuidae - Peccaries
- Collared Peccary - Pecari tajacu
- Giant Peccary - Pecari maximus
- White-lipped Peccary - Tayassu pecari
Cervidae - Deers
- Chital or Axis deer - Axis axis (introduced species)
- Marsh deer - Blastocerus dichotomus
- Red Brocket - Mazama americana
- Gray Brocket - Mazama gouazoubira
- Pygmy Brocket - Mazama nana
- White-tailed deer - Odocoileus virginianus
- Pampas deer - Ozotoceros bezoarticus
Rodentia
Sciuridae - Squirrels
- Amazon Dwarf Squirrel - Microsciurus flaviventer
- Neotropical Pygmy Squirrel - Sciurillus pusillus
- Brazilian Squirrel - Sciurus aestuans
- Yellow-throated Squirrel - Sciurus gilvigularis
- Bolivian Squirrel - Sciurus ignitus
- Northern Amazon Red Squirrel - Sciurus igniventris
- Southern Amazon Red Squirrel - Sciurus spadiceus
Myocastoridae
- Nutria - Myocastor coypus
Muridae - Old World rats and Allies
- Norway Rat - Rattus norvegicus (introduced species)
- Black Rat - Rattus rattus (introduced species)
- House Mouse - Mus musculus (introduced species)
Cricetidae - New World rats and Allies
- Abrawayaomys chebezi
- Ruschi's Rat - Abrawayaomys ruschii
- Azara's Grass Mouse - Akodon azarae
- Cursor Grass Mouse - Akodon cursor
- Lindbergh's Grass Mouse - Akodon lindberghi
- Montane Grass Mouse - Akodon montensis
- Caparaó Grass Mouse - Akodon mystax
- Paraná Grass Mouse - Akodon paranaensis
- Reig's Grass Mouse - Akodon reigi
- Sao Paulo Grass Mouse - Akodon sanctipaulensis
- Cerrado Grass Mouse - Akodon serrensis
- Large-lipped Crimson-nosed Rat - Bibimys labiosus
- Brazilian Shrew Mouse - Blarinomys breviceps
- Gray-bellied Brucie - Brucepattersonius griserufescens
- Red-bellied Brucie - Brucepattersonius igniventris
- Ihering's Hocicudo - Brucepattersonius iheringi
- Soricine Brucie - Brucepattersonius soricinus
- Large Vesper Mouse - Calomys callosus
- Small Vesper Mouse - Calomys laucha
- Delicate Vesper Mouse - Calomys tener
- Tocantins Vesper Mouse - Calomys tocantinsi
- Cerradomys langguthi
- Cerradomys maracajuensis
- Marinho Rice Rat - Cerradomys marinhus
- Cerradomys scotti
- Terraced Rice Rat - Cerradomys subflavus
- Cerradomys vivoi
- Delomys collinus
- Striped Atlantic Forest Rat - Delomys dorsalis
- Pallid Atlantic Forest Rat - Delomys sublineatus
- Emmons's Rice Rat - Euryoryzomys emmonsae
- Euryoryzomys lamia
- MacConnell's Rice Rat - Euryoryzomys macconnelli
- Elegant Rice Rat - Euryoryzomys nitidus
- Russet Rice Rat - Euryoryzomys russatus
- Gray Leaf-eared Mouse - Graomys griseoflavus
- Web-footed Marsh Rat - Holochilus brasiliensis
- Wagner's Marsh Rat - Holochilus sciureus
- Brazilian Rice Rat - Hylaeamys laticeps
- Hylaeamys megacephalus
- Hylaeamys oniscus
- Allen's Rice Rat - Hylaeamys perenensis
- Yungas Rice Rat - Hylaeamys yunganus
- Juliomys ossitenuis
- Lesser Wilfred's Mouse - Juliomys pictipes
- Wilfred's Mouse - Juliomys rimofrons
- Candango Mouse - Juscelinomys talpinus
- Molelike Mouse - Juscelinomys vulpinus
- Woolly Giant Rat - Kunsia tomentosus
- Lund's Amphibious Rat - Lundomys molitor
- Brasilia's Mouse - Microakodontomys transitorius
- Dubost's Bristly Mouse - Neacomys dubosti
- Guiana Bristly Mouse - Neacomys guianae
- Jurua Bristly Mouse - Neacomys minutus
- Manu Bristly Mouse - Neacomys musseri
- Negro Bristly Mouse - Neacomys paracou
- Northern Bristly Mouse - Neacomys spinosus
- Narrow-footed Bristly Mouse - Neacomys tenuipes
- Hairy-tailed Bolo Mouse - Necromys lasiurus
- Nectomys rattus
- Scaly-footed Water Rat - Nectomys squamipes
- Guianan Arboreal Rice Rat - Oecomys auyantepui
- Bicolored Arboreal Rice Rat - Oecomys bicolor
- Cleber's Arboreal Rice Rat - Oecomys cleberi
- Unicolored Arboreal Rice Rat - Oecomys concolor
- Mamore Arboreal Rice Rat - Oecomys mamorae
- Brazilian Arboreal Rice Rat - Oecomys paricola
- King Arboreal Rice Rat - Oecomys rex
- Robert's Arboreal Rice Rat - Oecomys roberti
- Trinidad Arboreal Rice Rat - Oecomys trinitatis
- Chacoan Pygmy Rice Rat - Oligoryzomys chacoensis
- Yellow Pygmy Rice Rat - Oligoryzomys flavescens
- Fulvous Pygmy Rice Rat - Oligoryzomys fulvescens
- Small-eared Pygmy Rice Rat - Oligoryzomys microtis
- Oligoryzomys moojeni
- Black-footed Pygmy Rice Rat - Oligoryzomys nigripes
- Oligoryzomys rupestris
- Straw-colored Pygmy Rice Rat - Oligoryzomys stramineus
- Amazonian Hocicudo - Oxymycterus amazonicus
- Angular Hocicudo - Oxymycterus angularis
- Caparaó Hocicudo - Oxymycterus caparaoe
- Hispid Hocicudo - Oxymycterus hispidus
- Long-nosed Hocicudo - Oxymycterus nasutus
- Robert's Hocicudo - Oxymycterus roberti
- Red Hocicudo - Oxymycterus rufus
- Rio de Janeiro Arboreal Rat - Phaenomys ferrugineus
- Brazilian False Rice Rat - Pseudoryzomys simplex
- Brazilian Arboreal Mouse - Rhagomys rufescens
- Gardner's Climbing Mouse - Rhipidomys gardneri
- White-footed Climbing Mouse - Rhipidomys leucodactylus
- MacConnell's Climbing Mouse - Rhipidomys macconnelli
- Long-tailed Climbing Mouse - Rhipidomys mastacalis
- Splendid Climbing Mouse - Rhipidomys nitela
- Waterhouse's Swamp Rat - Scapteromys tumidus
- Ucayali Spiny Mouse - Scolomys ucayalensis
- Alston's Cotton Rat - Sigmodon alstoni
- Paraguayan Rice Rat - Sooretamys angouya
- Cerrado Mouse - Thalpomys cerradensis
- Hairy-eared Cerrado Mouse - Thalpomys lasiotis
- Blackish Grass Mouse - Thaptomys nigrita
- Wiedomys cerradensis
- Red-nosed Mouse - Wiedomys pyrrhorhinos
- Greater Wilfred's Mouse - Wilfredomys oenax
- Short-tailed Cane Rat - Zygodontomys brevicauda
Erethizontidae - New World porcupines
- Bristle-spined Porcupine - Chaetomys subspinosus
- Bahia Hairy Dwarf Porcupine - Coendou insidiosus
- Black-tailed Hairy Dwarf Porcupine - Coendou melanurus
- Koopman's Porcupine - Coendou nycthemera
- Brazilian Porcupine - Coendou prehensilis
- Van Roosmalen's Porcupine - Coendou roosmalenorum
- South American Tree Porcupine - Coendou spinosus
- Orange-spined Hairy Dwarf Porcupine - Coendou villosus
Dinomyidae
- Pacarana - Dinomys branickii
Caviidae - Guinea Pigs and Cavies
- Brazilian Guinea Pig - Cavia aperea
- Shiny Guinea Pig - Cavia fulgida
- Santa Catarina´s Guinea Pig - Cavia intermedia
- Greater Guinea Pig - Cavia magna
- Domestic Guinea Pig - Cavia porcellus
- Yellow-toothed Cavy - Galea flavidens
- Spix's Yellow-toothed Cavy - Galea spixii
- Acrobatic Cavy - Kerodon acrobata
- Rock Cavy - Kerodon rupestris
Hydrochaeridae
- Capybara - Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris
Dasyproctidae - Agoutis and Acouchis
- Azara's Agouti - Dasyprocta azarae
- Black Agouti - Dasyprocta fuliginosa
- Brazilian Agouti - Dasyprocta leporina
- Black-rumped Agouti - Dasyprocta prymnolopha
- Central American Agouti - Dasyprocta punctata
- Red Acouchi - Myoprocta acouchy
- Green Acouchi - Myoprocta pratti
Cuniculidae
- Lowland Paca - Cuniculus paca
Ctenomyidae - Tuco-tucos
- Brazilian Tuco-tuco - Ctenomys brasiliensis
- Flammarion's Tuco-tuco - Ctenomys flammarioni
- Tiny Tucu-tuco - Ctenomys minutus
- Natterer's Tuco-tuco - Ctenomys nattereri
- Rondon's Tuco-tuco - Ctenomys rondoni
- Collared Tuco-tuco - Ctenomys torquatus
Echimyidae - Spiny Rats and Allies
- Painted Tree Rat - Callistomys pictus
- Owl's Spiny Rat - Carterodon sulcidens
- Bishop's Fossorial Spiny Rat - Clyomys bishopi
- Brown-headed Spiny Rat - Clyomys laticeps
- Bolivian Bamboo Rat - Dactylomys boliviensis
- Amazon Bamboo Rat - Dactylomys dactylinus
- White-faced Tree Rat - Echimys chrysurus
- Giant Tree Rat - Echimys grandis
- Brandt's Guiara - Euryzygomatomys guiara
- Fischer's Guiara - Euryzygomatomys spinosus
- Yellow-crowned Brush-tailed Rat - Isothrix bistriata
- Dark Brush-tailed Tree Rat - Isothrix negrensis
- Plain Brush-tailed Rat - Isothrix pagurus
- Southern Bamboo Rat - Kannabateomys amblyonyx
- Tuft-tailed Spiny Tree Rat - Lonchothrix emiliae
- Long-tailed Tree Rat - Makalata macrura
- Spiny Tree Rat - Mesomys hispidus
- Furtive Spiny Tree Rat - Mesomys occultus
- Surinam Spiny Tree Rat - Mesomys stimulax
- Golden Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys blainvilii
- Red-nosed Tree Rat - Phyllomys brasiliensis
- Drab Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys dasythrix
- Moojen's Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys kerri
- Palid Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys lamarum
- Lundi's Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys lundi
- Mantiqueira Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys mantiqueirensis
- Thomas' Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys medius
- Black-spined Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys nigrispinus
- Rusty-sided Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys pattoni
- Giant Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys thomasi
- Wagner's Atlantic Tree Rat - Phyllomys unicolor
- Venezuelan Spiny Rat - Proechimys amphichoricus
- Huallaga Spiny Rat - Proechimys brevicauda
- Cayenne Spiny Rat - Proechimys cayennensis
- Cuvier's Spiny Rat - Proechimys cuvieri
- Tefe Spiny Rat - Proechimys echinothrix
- Gardner's Spiny Rat - Proechimys gardneri
- Goeldi's Spiny Rat - Proechimys goeldii
- Guyanan Spiny Rat - Proechimys hoplomyoides
- Javari Spiny Rat - Proechimys kulinae
- Long-tailed Spiny Rat - Proechimys longicaudatus
- Mouse-tailed Spiny Rat - Proechimys myosuros
- Para Spiny Rat - Proechimys oris
- Patton's Spiny Rat - Proechimys pattoni
- Napo Spiny Rat - Proechimys quadruplicatus
- Simon's Spiny Rat - Proechimys simonsi
- Steere's Spiny Rat - Proechimys steerei
- Punare - Thrichomys apereoides
- White-spined Spiny Rat - Trinomys albispinus
- Atlantic Spiny Rat - Trinomys dimidiatus
- Rio de Janeiro Spiny Rat - Trinomys eliasi
- Graceful Spiny Rat - Trinomys gratiosus
- Ihering's Spiny Rat - Trinomys iheringi
- Mirapitanga Spiny Rat - Trinomys mirapitanga
- Moojen's Spiny Rat - Trinomys moojeni
- Espirito Santo Spiny Rat - Trinomys paratus
- Hairy Spiny Rat - Trinomys setosus
- Yonenaga's Spiny Rat - Trinomys yonenagae
Lagomorpha
Leporidae - Rabbits and Hares
- Tapeti - Sylvilagus brasiliensis
- European Hare - Lepus europaeus (introduced species)
References
- Costa, L.P. et al. 2005. Mammal Conservation in Brazil. Conservation Biology 19(3), pp.672–679.
- natureserve.org
See also
- List of amphibians in Brazil
- List of Brazilian birds
- List of Brazilian reptiles
- List of mammals
- List of regional mammals lists
- Wildlife of Brazil
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