This is a list of mayors of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
From 1834-1857, and again from 1867-1873, Toronto mayors were not elected directly by the public. Instead, after each annual election of aldermen and councilmen, the assembled council would elect one of their members as mayor. For all other years, mayors were directly elected by popular vote, except in rare cases where a mayor was appointed by council to fill an unexpired term of office.
The "City of Toronto" has changed substantially over the years: the city amalgamated with neighbouring communities in 1882, 1891, 1908, 1912, and 1967.
The most sweeping change was in 1998 when the six municipalities comprising Metropolitan Toronto – East York, Etobicoke, North York, Scarborough, York, and the former city of Toronto – and its regional government were amalgamated into a single City of Toronto (colloquially dubbed the "megacity") by an act of the provincial government.
The newly created position of mayor for the resulting single-tier megacity replaced all of the mayors of the former Metro municipalities. It also abolished the office of the Metro Chairman, which had formerly been the most senior political figure before amalgamation.
Outgoing North York Mayor Mel Lastman was elected as the first mayor of the amalgamated Toronto in 1997 and re-elected in 2000. On November 10, 2003, David Miller was voted in as Toronto's 63rd mayor. He took office as Mayor on December 1, 2003.
According to Victor Loring Russell, author of Mayors of Toronto Volume I, 14 out of the first 29 mayors were lawyers.
Prior to 1834, Toronto municipal leadership was governed by the Chairman of the General Quarter Session of Peace of the Home District Council.
Contents |
19th Century
Appointed by City Council
- 1. 1834 William Lyon Mackenzie, First Mayor
- 2. 1835 Robert Baldwin Sullivan
- 3. 1836 Thomas David Morrison
- 4. 1837 George Gurnett
- 5. 1838 - 1840 John Powell
- 6. 1841 George Monro
- 7. 1842 - 1844 Henry Sherwood
- 8. 1845 - 1847 William H. Boulton
- -. 1848 - 1850 George Gurnett (2nd incumbency)
- 9. 1851 - 1853 John George Bowes
- 10. 1854 Joshua George Beard
- 11. 1855 George William Allan
- 12. 1856 John Beverley Robinson
- 13. 1857 John Hutchison (resigned)
- -. 1858 William H. Boulton (2nd incumbency -- resigned Nov. 8)
- 14. 1858 David Breakenridge Read * (Nov. 11 - Dec. 31)
Elected directly by the public
- 15. 1859 - 1860 Sir Adam Wilson
- -. 1861 - 1863 John George Bowes (2nd incumbency)
- 16. 1864 - 1866 Francis Henry Medcalf
Appointed by City Council
- 17. 1867 - 1868 James Edward Smith
- 18. 1869 - 1870 Samuel Bickerton Harman
- 19. 1871 - 1872 Joseph Sheard
- 20. 1873 Alexander Manning
Elected directly by the public
- -. 1874 - 1875 Francis Henry Medcalf (2nd incumbency)
- 21. 1876 - 1878 Angus Morrison
- 22. 1879 - 1880 James Beaty
- 23. 1881 - 1882 William Barclay McMurrich
- 24. 1883 - 1884 Arthur Radcliffe Boswell
- -. 1885 Alexander Manning (2nd incumbency)
- 25. 1886 - 1887 William Holmes Howland
- 26. 1888 - 1891 Edward F. Clarke
- 27. 1892 - 1893 Robert John Fleming
- 28. 1894 - 1895 Warring Kennedy
- -. 1896 - 1897 Robert John Fleming (2nd incumbency -- resigned Aug. 5, 1897)
- 29. 1897 - 1899 John Shaw (from Aug. 6, 1897)
20th century
- 30. 1900 Ernest A. Macdonald
- 31. 1901 - 1902 Oliver Aiken Howland
- 32. 1903 - 1905 Thomas Urquhart
- 33. 1906 - 1907 Emerson Coatsworth
- 34. 1908 - 1909 Joseph Oliver
- 35. 1910 - 1912 George Reginald Geary
- 36. 1912 - 1914 Horatio Clarence Hocken
- 37. 1915 - 1921 Thomas Langton Church
- 38. 1922 - 1923 Charles A. Maguire
- 39. 1924 W. W. Hiltz
- 40. 1925 - 1927 Thomas Foster
- 41. 1928 - 1929 Samuel McBride
- 42. 1930 Bert Sterling Wemp
- 43. 1931 - 1934 William James Stewart
- 44. 1935 James Simpson
- -. 1936 Samuel McBride (2nd incumbency - died Nov. 10)
- 45. 1936 - 1937 William D. Robbins
- 46. 1938 - 1940 Ralph C. Day
- 47. 1941 - 1944 Frederick J. Conboy
- 48. 1945 - 1948 Robert Hood Saunders
- 49. 1948 - 1951 Hiram E. McCallum
- 50. 1952 - 1954 Allan A. Lamport
The Metro Toronto Era (1953-1997)
Beginning in 1953, Toronto was part of a federated municipality known as Metropolitan Toronto. This regional entity had the same boundaries as present-day Toronto, but consisted of the City of Toronto and 12 other municipalities, each with its own mayor and council. The mayors of Toronto are listed below. For a list of Metro Chairmen, see Chairman of the Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto.
- 51. 1954 - 1955 Leslie Howard Saunders
- 52. 1955 - 1962 Nathan Phillips
- 53. 1963 Donald Dean Summerville (died Nov. 19)
- 54. 1963 - 1966 Philip Gerald Givens
- 55. 1966 - 1972 William Dennison
As of 1967 (during the incumbency of William Dennison), an internal amalgamation eliminated the seven smallest municipalities in Metropolitan Toronto. Of these, the villages of Forest Hill and Swansea were amalgamated into the City of Toronto. The remaining mayors of Toronto during this era are listed below.
- 56. 1972 - August 31, 1978 David Edward Crombie (resigned)
- 57. September 1 - November 30, 1978 Fred Beavis
- 58. December 1, 1978 - November 30, 1980 John Sewell
- 59. December 1, 1980 - November 30, 1991 Art Eggleton
- 60. December 1, 1991 - November 30, 1994 June Rowlands
- 61. December 1, 1994 - December 31, 1997 Barbara Hall
Post-Amalgamation, "Megacity" Mayors
As of 1998, Metropolitan Toronto and all its municipalities were amalgamated into a single City of Toronto. The mayors of the unified city have been:
- 62. January 1, 1998 - November 30, 2003 Mel Lastman
- 63. December 1, 2003 - present David Miller
Deputy Mayors
- Case Ootes 1998-2003 (under Lastman)
- Sandra Bussin 2003-2006 (under Miller)
- Mike Feldman 2003-2006 (under Miller)
- Joe Pantalone 2003-present (under Miller)
- William Peyton Hubbard - 1906, 1907 as acting Mayor
References
See also
- List of Toronto municipal elections
- Metro Chairman - previously the most senior political figure in Toronto until 1997
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