The protected areas of Colombia are grouped in the National System of Protected Areas. As of 2008, it has 58 natural national parks which cover about 12,579,081 ha and represent more than 10% of the country's continental land.
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National System of Protected Areas
The National System of Protected Areas comprises four broad groups:
- National protected areas, most of them in the Natural National Park System.
- Regional protected areas.
- Local protected areas.
- Private protected areas.
Natural National Park System
The National Natural Park System is divided into natural national parks, fauna and flora sanctuaries, natural reserves, unique natural areas and one vía parque (park along a road).
| Photo | Established | Name | Region | Department | Extension (ha)[1] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | Cueva de los Guácharos | Andean region (Cordillera Oriental) | Huila | 9,000 | |
 |
1964 | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta | Caribbean region | Magdalena La Guajira Cesar |
383,000 |
| 1964 | Vía Parque Isla de Salamanca | Caribbean region | Magdalena | 56,200 | |
 |
1968 | Farallones de Cali Natural Park | Andean region (Cordillera Occidental) | Valle del Cauca | 150,000 |
 |
1968 | Puracé National Park | Andean region (Cordillera Central) | Cauca Huila |
83,000 |
 |
1969 | Tayrona National Park | Caribbean region | Magdalena | 15,000 |
| 1970 | El Tuparro National Park | Orinoquía region | Vichada | 548,000 | |
 |
1971 | Serranía de la Macarena | Orinoquía region | Meta | 620,000 |
| 1973 | Las Orquídeas National Park | Andean region (Cordillera Occidental) | Antioquia | 32,000 | |
| 1973 | Los Katíos National Park | Pacific region | Chocó Antioquia |
72,000 | |
 |
1973 | Los Nevados | Andean region (Cordillera Central) | Risaralda Tolima Caldas Quindio |
58,300 |
| 1975 | Amacayacu National Park | Amazon region | Amazonas | 293,500 | |
 |
1977 | Las Hermosas National Park | Andean region (Cordillera Central) | Tolima Valle del Cauca |
125,000 |
 |
1977 | Nevado del Huila | Andean region (Cordillera Central) | Huila Tolima Cauca Valle del Cauca |
158,000 |
| 1977 | Cordillera de los Picachos National Park | Andean region (Cordillera Oriental) | Meta Caquetá Huila |
444,740 | |
 |
1977 | Chingaza National Park | Andean region (Cordillera Oriental) | Cundinamarca Meta |
76,600 |
 |
1977 | Sumapaz National Park | Andean region (Cordillera Oriental) | Meta Cundinamarca Huila |
154,000 |
 |
1977 | Sierra Nevada del Cocuy | Andean region (Cordillera Oriental) | Arauca Boyacá Casanare |
306,000 |
| 1977 | Pisba National Park | Andean region (Cordillera Oriental) | Boyacá | 45,000 | |
| 1977 | Tamá National Park | Andean region (Cordillera Oriental) | Norte de Santander | 15,000 | |
| 1977 | Lake Iguaque | Andean region (Cordillera Oriental) | Boyacá | 6,750 | |
| 1977 | Islas del Rosario | Caribbean region | Bolívar Sucre |
120,000 | |
 |
1977 | Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta | Caribbean region | Magdalena | 26,810 |
| 1977 | Sanquianga National Park | Pacific region | Nariño | 80,000 | |
| 1977 | Serranía de Macuira | Caribbean region | La Guajira | 25,000 | |
| 1977 | Paramillo National Park | Caribbean region (Cordillera Occidental) | Córdoba Antioquia |
460,000 | |
 |
1977 | Munchique National Park | Andean region (Cordillera Occidental) | Cauca | 44,000 |
| 1977 | Los Colorados Fauna and Flora Sanctuary | Caribbean region | Bolívar | 1,000 | |
 |
1977 | Isla de La Corota Fauna and Flora Sanctuary | Andean region (Cordillera Central) | Nariño | 16 |
| 1977 | Flamingos Fauna and Flora Sanctuary | Caribbean region | La Guajira | 7,682 | |
 |
1983 | Gorgona Island National Park | Insular region | Cauca | 61,687 |
| 1984 | La Paya National Park | Amazon region | Putumayo | 422,000 | |
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1985 | Galeras | Andean region (Nudo de los Pastos) | Nariño | 7,615 |
| 1986 | Cahuinarí National Park | Amazon region | Amazonas | 575,000 | |
 |
1987 | Ensenada de Utría National Park | Pacific region | Chocó | 54,300 |
| 1987 | Tatamá National Park | Andean region (Cordillera Occidental) | Chocó Risaralda Valle del Cauca |
51,900 | |
 |
1988 | Los Estoraques Unique Natural Area | Andean region (Cordillera Oriental) | Norte de Santander | 640 |
| 1989 | Chiribiquete National Park | Amazon region | Caquetá Guaviare |
1,280,000 | |
| 1989 | Nukak Natural Reserve | Amazon region | Guaviare Vaupés |
855,000 | |
| 1989 | Puinawai Natural Reserve | Amazon region | Guainía | 1,092,500 | |
| 1989 | Tinigua National Park | Amazon region | Meta | 201,875 | |
| 1989 | Catatumbo Barí National Park | Andean region (Cordillera Oriental) | Norte de Santander | 158,125 | |
| 1993 | Guaneta Alto Río Fonce Fauna and Flora Sanctuary | Andean region (Cordillera Oriental) | Santander | 10,429 | |
 |
1995 | Old Providence Mc Bean Lagoon | Insular region | San Andrés y Providencia | 995 |
 |
1995 | Malpelo Island | Insular region | Valle del Cauca | 120 |
 |
1996 | Otún Quimbaya Fauna and Flora Sanctuary | Andean region (Cordillera Central) | Risaralda | 489 |
| 2002 | Río Puré National Park | Amazon region | Amazonas | 999,880 | |
| 2002 | Alto Fragua Indi-Wasi National Park | Amazon region | Caquetá | 68,000 | |
| 2002 | El Corchal "El mono Hernández" Fauna and Flora Sanctuary | Caribbean region | Sucre Bolívar |
3,850 | |
| 2005 | Selva de Florencia National Park | Andean region (Cordillera Central) | Caldas | 10,019 | |
| 2005 | Serranía de los Yariguíes National Park | Andean region (Cordillera Oriental) | Santander | 78,837 | |
 |
2007 | Doña Juana-Cascabel Volcanic Complex | Andean region (Nudo de los Pastos) | Cauca Nariño |
65.858 |
| 2007 | Serranía de los Churumbelos | Amazon region | Cauca Caquetá Putumayo Huila |
97,189 | |
| 2008 | Plantas Medicinales Orito Ingi-Andé Fauna and Flora Sanctuary | Amazon region | Nariño Putumayo |
10,204 | |
| 2009 | Morichales de Paz de Ariporo Natural Park[2] | Orinoquía region | Casanare | ||
| 2009 | Yaigojé Apaporis Natural Park[3] | Amazonian region | Vaupés | 1,060,603 |
Proposed areas
Currently there are other proposed areas for national natural parks:
- Serranía de Las Minas, a regional natural park in Huila with 20,000 ha.
The following locations could be declared fauna and flora sanctuaries:
- Bahía Málaga
- Bahía Portete
- Bosque Seco del Patía
- Bosque Seco de Cúcuta
- Playona Acandí
- Serranía de Pinche
- Serranía del Perijá
- Serranía de San Lucas[4] - now considered unlikely to be protected as the area has been opened up to gold mining companies.
Disbanded areas
Some zones of the park system had been disbanded because of negative human impact on the environment:
- Arauca Fauna and Flora Sanctuary
- Manaure National Natural Park
References
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