List of Russian rulers

At different times, a ruler in Kievan Rus'/Rus' principalities/Tsardom of Russia/Russian Empire bore the title of Kniaz (translated as Duke or Prince), Velikiy Kniaz (translated as Grand Duke, Grand Prince or Great Prince), Tsar, Emperor.

The Patriarchs, heads of the Russian Orthodox Church, also sometimes acted as the leaders of Russia — as, for example, during the Polish occupation and interregnum of 1610–1613 (see List of Metropolitans and Patriarchs of Moscow).

Grand Princes of Novgorod and Kiev (c. 860–1240)

See Grand Prince of Kiev

Grand Princes of Vladimir-Suzdal (1168–1389)

Grand Prince of Vladimir, Alexander Nevsky 1252–1263

• Andrei Bogolyubsky (1168–1174), 1st Grand Prince of Vladimir, son of Yuri Dolgoruki
• Mikhail (1174–1176), son of Yuri Dolgoruki
• Vsevolod the Big Nest (1176–1212), eleventh son of Yuri Dolgoruky
• Yuri II (1212–1216), third son of Vsevolod the Big Nest
• Constantine I (1216–1218), eldest son of Vsevolod the Big Nest
• Yuri II (1218–1238), restored
• Yaroslav II (1238–1246), fourth son of Vsevolod the Big Nest
• Sviatoslav III (1246–1248), sixth son of Vsevolod the Big Nest
• Mikhail Khorobrit (1248), 4th son of Yaroslav II
• Andrew II (1248–1252), 3rd son of Yaroslav II
• Alexander Nevsky (1252–1263), fourth son of Yaroslav II
• Yaroslav III (1264–1271), son of Yaroslav II
• Vasily of Kostroma (1272–1277), youngest son of Yaroslav II
• Dmitri of Pereslavl (1277–1294), second son of Alexander Nevsky
• Andrey of Gorodets (1294–1304), son of Alexander Nevsky
• Michael of Tver (1304–1318), second son of Yaroslav III
• Yuri of Moscow (1318–1322)
• Dmitry of Tver (1322–1326)
• Alexander of Tver (1326–1327)
• Ivan I of Moscow (Ivan the Moneybag) (1328–1341)
• Simeon of Moscow (Simeon the Proud) (1341–1353)
• Ivan II of Moscow (Ivan the Fair) (1353–1359)
• Dmitri of Suzdal (1359–1362)
• Dmitri Donskoi (1363–1389)

Grand Princes of Moscow (1283–1547)

Honour monopolized by rulers of Moscow principality, but see also Grand Prince (of Lithuania)

Rurik Dynasty

Portrait	Name	Born–Died	Grand Prince From	Grand Prince Until
	Daniel	1261–1303	1283	4 March 1303
	Yuri	1281–1325	4 March 1303	21 November 1325
	Ivan I (the Moneybag)	1288–1340	21 November 1325	31 March 1340
	Simeon (the Proud)	1316–1353	31 March 1340	27 April 1353
	Ivan II (the Fair)	1326–1359	27 April 1353	13 November 1359
	Dimitri I (of the Don)	1350–1389	13 November 1359	19 May 1389
	Vasily I	1371–1425	19 May 1389	27 February 1425
	Vasily II (the Blind)	1415–1462	27 February 1425	27 March 1462
	Ivan III of Russia (the Great)	1440–1505	5 April 1462	6 November 1505
	Vasily III	1479–1533	6 November 1505	13 December 1533
	Ivan IV (the Terrible)	1530–1584	13 December 1533	26 January 1547

Tsars of Russia (1547–1721)

Rurik Dynasty

Portrait	Name	Born–Died	Tsar From	Tsar Until
	Ivan IV (the Terrible)	1530–1584	26 January 1547	28 March 1584
	Feodor I	1557–1598	28 March 1584	17 January 1598

Time of Troubles (1598–1613)

Godunov Dynasty

Portrait	Name	Born–Died	Tsar From	Tsar Until
	Boris Godunov	1550/ c. 1551–1605	3 March 1598	23 April 1605
	Feodor II	1589–1605	23 April 1605	11 June 1605

Usurper

Portrait	Name	Born–Died	Tsar From	Tsar Until
	False Dmitriy I	1581–1606	30 June 1605	27 May 1606

Shuisky Dynasty

Portrait	Name	Born–Died	Tsar From	Tsar Until
	Vasili IV Shuisky	1552–1612	27 May 1606	27 July 1610

Usurper

Portrait	Name	Born–Died	Tsar From	Tsar Until
	False Dmitriy II (nominally)	1582–1610	27 July 1610	21 December 1610

House of Vasa

Portrait	Name	Born–Died	Tsar From	Tsar Until
	Władysław IV Vasa (formally)	1595–1648	27 August (21 December) 1610	4 November 1612

Council of Seven Boyars (27 July 1610 – 4 November 1612)

(From 6 September 1610 for absent Władysław IV Vasa):

• Prince Fyodor Ivanovich Mstislavsky
• Prince Ivan Mikhailovich Vorotynsky (to March 1611)
• Mikhail Fyodorovich Nagoy (from March 1611)
• Prince Andrey Vasilyevich Trubetskoy
• Prince Vasily Vasilyevich Golitsyn (to 8 April 1611)
• Ivan Simeyonovich Kurakin (from 8 April 1611)
• Prince Boris Mikhailovich Lykov-Obolenskiy
• Ivan Romanov
• Fedor Sheremetev

Council of All the Land (17 April 1611 – 26 July 1613)

(In opposition to the Poles and Władysław IV Vasa):

• Prince Dmitry Pozharsky
• Prokopy Petrovich Lyapunov (to 1 August 1611)
• Prince Dmitry Timofeyevich Trubetskoy
• Ataman Ivan Martynovich Zarutsky (to 7 August 1612)

Romanov Dynasty

Monarch	Portrait	Birth	Marriages	Death
Mikhail 1613-1645		12 July 1596 Moscow son of Feodor Nikitich Romanov and Kseniya Ioannovna Shesotva	Maria Vladimirovna Dolgorukova 1624 one stillborn child Eudoxia Lukyanovna Streshneva 5 February 1626 ten children	14 July 1645 Moscow aged 49
Alexei 1645-1676		9 May 1629 Moscow son of Tsar Mikhail and Eudoxia Lukyanova Streshneva	Maria Ilyinichna Miloslavskaya 17 January 1648 13 children Natalia Kirillovna Naryshkina 1 February 1671 3 children	29 January 1676 Moscow aged 46
Feodor III 1676-1682		9 June 1661 Moscow son of Tsar Alexei and Maria Ilyinichna Miloslavskaya	Agaphia Simeonovna Grushevskaya 28 July 1680 one son Marfa Matveievna Apraksina 24 February 1682 no children	7 May 1682 Moscow aged 20
Peter I the Great 1682-1725 jointly with Ivan V until 1696		9 June 1672 Moscow son of Tsar Alexei and Natalia Kirillovna Naryshkina	Eudoxia Feodorovna Lopukhina 1689 3 children Marta Helena Skowrońska 1707 9 children	8 February 1725 aged 52
Ivan V 1682-1696 jointly with Peter I		6 September 1666 Moscow son of Tsar Alexei and Maria Ilyinichina Miloslavskaya	Praskovia Feodorovna Saltykova 1684 5 daughters	8 February 1696 aged 29

Emperors of Russia (1721–1917)

(Also Grand Dukes of Finland from 1809 until 1917; and Kings of Poland from 1815 until 1916)

Romanov Dynasty

Monarch	Portrait	Birth	Marriages	Death
Peter I the Great 1682-1725		9 June 1672 Moscow son of Tsar Alexei and Natalia Kirillovna Naryshkina	Eudoxia Feodorovna Lopukhina 1689 3 children Marta Helena Skowrońska 1707 9 children	8 February 1725 aged 52
Catherine I 1725-1727		15 April 1684 Ringon, Duchy of Livonia daughter of Samuel Skowroński and Elisabeth Moritz	Peter I of Russia 1707 9 children	17 May 1727 Saint Petersburg aged 43
Peter II 1727-1730		23 October 1715 Saint Petersburg son of Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich and Princess Charlotte Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel	unmarried	30 January 1730 Moscow aged 14
Anna 1730-1740		7 February 1693 Moscow daughter of Tsar Ivan V and Praskovia Feodorovna Saltykova	Frederick Wilhelm, Duke of Courland November 1710 no children	28 October 1740 aged 47
Ivan VI 1740-1741		23 August 1740 Saint Petersburg son of Duke Anthony Ulrich of Brunswick and Grand Duchess Anna Leopoldovna of Russia	unmarried	16 July 1764 Shlisselburg aged 23
Elizabeth 1741-1762		29 December 1709 Kolomenskoye daughter of Emperor Peter I and Empress Catherine I	Alexey Razumovsky(probable) 1742 no children	5 January 1762 aged 52
Peter III 1762		21 February 1728 Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein son of Charles Frederick, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp and Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna	Princess Sophie Friederike Auguste of Anhalt-Zerbst 16 August 1745 one son	17 July 1762 (murdered) Ropsha aged 34
Catherine II the Great 1762-1796		2 May 1729 Stettin, Kingdom of Prussia, Holy Roman Empire daughter of Christian August, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst and Princess Johanna Elisabeth of Holstein-Gottorp	Peter III of Russia 16 August 1745 one son	6 November 1796 Saint Petersburg aged 67
Paul I 1796-1801		1 October 1754 Saint Petersburg son of Emperor Peter III and Empress Catherine II	Princess Wilhelmina Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt 29 September 1773 one stillborn daughter Princess Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg 26 September 1776 ten children	23 March 1801 (assassinated) Saint Michael's Castle, Saint Petersburg aged 46
Alexander I the Blessed 1801-1825		23 December 1777 Saint Petersburg son of Emperor Paul I and Maria Feodorovna (Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg)	Princess Louise of Baden 28 September 1793 2 daughters	1 December 1825 Taganrog aged 47
Constantine I (disputed) 1825		27 April 1779 Tsarskoye Selo son of Emperor Paul I and Maria Feodorovna (Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg)	Princess Juliane of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld 26 February no children	27 June 1831 Vitebsk aged 52
Nicholas I the Conqueror 1825-1855		6 July 1796 Gatchina son of Emperor Paul I and Maria Feodorovna (Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg)	Princess Charlotte of Prussia 13 July 1817 7 children	2 March 1855 Saint Petersburg aged 58
Alexander II the Liberator 1855-1881		29 April 1818 Moscow son of Emperor Nicholas I and Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia)	Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine 16 April 1841 8 children	13 March 1881 (assassinated) Saint Petersburg aged 62
Alexander III the Peace-Maker 1881-1894		10 March 1845 Saint Petersburg son of Emperor Alexander II and Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)	Princess Dagmar of Denmark 9 November 1866 6 children	1 November 1894 Livadiya, Crimea
Nicholas II the Martyr 1894-1917		6 May 1868 Tsarskoye Selo son of Emperor Alexander III and Maria Feodorovna (Dagmar of Denmark)	Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine 26 November 1894 5 children	17 July 1918 (murdered) Yekaterinburg, Russian SFSR aged 50
Mikhail II (disputed) 1917		22 November 1878 Tsarskoye Selo son of Emperor Alexander III and Maria Feodorovna (Dagmar of Denmark)	Natalia Brassova 15 October 1911 one son (born before his parents' marriage)	12 June 1918 (murdered) Perm, Russian SFSR aged 39

See List of leaders of Russia for the continuation of leadership.

Pretenders to the Russian throne since 1917

• Nicholas II (1917–1918)
• Vacant (1918–1924)
• Cyril Vladimirovich, Grand Duke of Russia (1924–1938) of the Alexandrovichi Branch
  • Vladimir Cyrillovich, Grand Duke of Russia (1938–1992)
    • Maria Vladimirovna, Grand Duchess of Russia (1992–Present) of the Vladimirovichi branch
      • Grand Duke George Mikhailovich of Russia, heir apparent and son of Maria Vladimirovna, of the Vladimirovichi branch.
• Nicholas Romanov, Prince of Russia (1992–Present) of the Nikolaevichi branch
  • Prince Dimitri Romanovich of Russia, heir apparent and brother of Nicholas Romanov

See Line of succession to the Russian throne

See also

• Rulers of Russia family tree
• Timeline of Russian history
• Coronation of the Russian monarch
• List of Russian consorts

External links

• Godunov to Nicholas II by Saul Zaklad
• (Russian) Principality of Vladimir-Suzdal

v • d • e Sovereigns of Vladimir-Suzdal, Muscovy and Russia Grand Princes Yuri Dolgoruki · Andrei Bogolyubsky · Mikhail of Vladimir · Vsevolod the Big Nest · Yuri II of Vladimir · Konstantin of Rostov · Yuri II of Vladimir (second term) · Yaroslav II of Vladimir · Sviatoslav III of Vladimir · Andrey II of Vladimir · Alexander Nevsky · Yaroslav of Tver · Vasily of Kostroma · Dmitry of Pereslavl · Andrey of Gorodets · Michael of Tver · Yuri III · Dmitry the Terrible Eyes · Alexander of Tver · Ivan I · Simeon the Proud · Ivan II · Dmitry Donskoy · Vasily I · Vasily II Tsars Ivan III · Vasily III · Ivan IV · Simeon Bekbulatovich · Ivan IV (second term)  · Feodor I · Boris Godunov · Feodor II · Dmitriy II (False Dmitriy I) · Vasili IV · Władysław IV (formally) · Michael I · Alexis · Feodor III · Ivan V and Peter I (co-rulers) · Peter I Emperors Peter I · Catherine I · Peter II · Anna · Ivan VI · Elizabeth · Peter III · Catherine II · Paul · Alexander I · Nicholas I · Alexander II · Alexander III · Nicholas II · Michael II

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