List of skateboarding terms

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A typical skateboard

This is a Skateboarding related list that defines anatomy, maneuver, venue, and Physics terms that are important to skateboarding.

Anatomy of A Skateboard

A skateboard is made up of many parts both movable and immovable that when put together allow a rider to propel him or herself forward and steer left or right. A skateboard is propelled by pushing with one foot while the other remains on the board, or by pumping in structures such as a pool or half-pipe. A skateboard can also be used by simply standing on the deck while on a downward slope and allowing gravity to propel the board and rider.

Board Parts

• Hardware: Nuts, bolts, and screws that hold the trucks, bushings, and base plate onto the board.

• Board: Also known as the Deck, this is the main part of a skateboard, the portion that is used to skate on. Boards are typically made of 7 or 9 plies of maple, birch, or some other wood, laminated together and shaped into numerous board shapes.

• Grip Tape: sandpaper affixed to the top of the board with adhesive. Grip tape provides traction so movement from the feet is transferred to the board.

• Nose: the front of the skateboard.

• Rail: the edge of the skateboard.

• Tail: the rear of the skateboard, usually measured from the rear truck bolts to the end of the board. (usually curved up at about a 10 degree angle from the rest of the deck)

Truck Parts

A skateboard truck

Animation of a ball bearing. Red dots show direction of rotation. The two concentric circles that the ball bearings ride on are called races.

• Trucks: The truck is the collective name for the front and rear axle assemblies that connect the wheels to the deck and provide the turning capabilities for the board. The major components of the truck includes the base plate, axle, and the hanger.

• Axle: The axle is a metal rod which runs through the hanger and extends from it on either side. Wheels are inserted on either end and secured with the the axle nut.

• Wheels: usually made of polyurethane and sized between 39 and 70 millimeters in diameter; their hardness is measured by durometer, a number ranging from 0 to 100—soft wheels have a durometer of about 85, hard wheels have a durometer of 98 or higher.

• Wheelbase: the distance between the front and back wheels, measured between the two sets of innermost truck holes. a wider wheelbase essentially adds stability as the board gains a wider center of gravity.

• Kingpin: Is a partially threaded pin placed through the base plate and truck and secured with the kingpin nut. The Kingpin holds the bushings, truck hanger, and base plate together.^[1]

• Bushing: A bushing is a type of bearing. Bushings are donut-shaped polyurethane pieces that are inserted onto the kingpin of a truck. There are two bushings per truck, one above and one below where the hanger fits onto the kingpin. Adjusting the kingpin nut to tighten or loosen the bushings will adjust the turning radius and response of the truck itself. Tighter bushings mean stiffer trucks and less chance of wheel bite, while loose bushings make for easier turning but a greater chance of wheel bite.^[1]

• Pivot Cup: A raised and hollowed receptacle on the base plate opposite the kingpin which holds the pivot bushing.

• Pivot Bushing: A plastic cup-shaped piece which rests in the pivot cup of the base plate and supports the truck's hanger at the pivot point allowing the truck to pivot smoothly. The pivot bushing prevents frictional conact between the truck and the base plate and provides a cushioned pivot point.

Bearings

• Bearings: In skateboarding bearings allow for the smooth turning of a wheel on its axle. Bearings consist of 6, 7, or 8 balls enclosed in races between two shields encased in a disc-like body. Bearings can be measured by an ABEC rating.^[2][3] Skateboard bearings typically come in sets of eight and are inserted into both sides of the wheel; two bearings for each of the four wheels.

• Crown: Crowns are also called retainers or cages and are usually made of Delrin. Crowns hold and separate the individual balls in a bearing.

• Bearing Shield: Are the two walls that hold the ball bearings and Delrin crowns from falling out. The bearing shield plays an important role as well in keeping dirt from getting into the bearing and slowing it down. Some bearings have only one shield and can be taken apart for maintenance.

• C Clip: The C clip is a mechanism for locking bearing shields in place. It is essentially a thin C-shaped wire that fits tightly into a groove around the outside perimeter of the bearing shield to hold it in place against the bearing casing. Not all bearings have a C clip, but those that do can usually be taken apart for cleaning and maintenance.^[4]

• Casing: The casing is the body of the bearing. It holds the ball bearings, crown, and shield in place.

Skateboarding Maneuvers

Skateboarding Venues

• Street: skating on streets, curbs, benches, handrails and other elements of urban and suburban landscapes. Also ramps, rails, boxes and other man-made obstacles especilally in competition are now referred to as street because they simply emulate a perfect "street" environment, plus the man-made street ramps are mobile, making easy transport for competitions, local skaters and retailers alike.

• Vert: skating on ramps and other vertical structures like empty bowl-shaped swimming pools and occasionsaly storm drains and such.

• Half-pipe: a U-shaped ramp of any size, usually with a flat section between the opposing transitions.

• Vert ramp: a transition ramp, usually at least 8 feet tall, with steep sides that are perfectly vertical near the top.

• Mini ramp: usually a half pipe (similar to a vert ramp)/a ramp that is essentially, less big than the average person height; most miny ramps are not tall enough for the transition to reach vertical.

• Mega ramp: a very big ramp, Usually for vert.

• Quarter-Pipe: a single ramp transitioning from horizontal(entry point) to any obtuse angle up to vert.

• Bowl: Empty in-ground pools serve as good bowls. Concrete and wood bowls have been made for skating. As with a half pipe, a bowl is better with a flat bottom between the transitions.

Physics as applied to skateboarding

• Centrifugal Force: a force that keeps a body moving in a circular path.

• Rotational Inertia: a measure of an object’s resistance to being turned, depending on both the mass of the object and how that mass is distributed.

• Work: force applied over a distance—for example, you do work when you push a box across the floor, but not when you push on a locked door; work done on an object or system results in an increase in the energy of that system.

References

See also

• Longboard
• Skateboard
• How to Clean Bearings Lushlongboards.com