List of subcamps of Neuengamme

This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

Image of Neuengamme camp taken by an RAF surveillance aircraft on 16 April 1945

This is an incomplete list of subcamps of Neuengamme complex. Neuengamme concentration camp was a labour camp in the Nazi concentration camp system. The camp was installed in Hamburg, Germany from 1938 until 1945. In labour camps, millions of prisoners died through mistreatment, disease, starvation, and overwork, or were executed as unfit for labour.

The inmates were forced to work in several locations in northern Germany. The dimensions of these subcamps ranged from more than 5,000 to only a few inmates. Inmates were often transported to other subcamps or other working locations. Due to these facts and the demolition of the Neuengamme camp and its records by the SS in 1945, the historical work is difficult and as yet, incomplete.^[1] For example, in 1967, the German Federal Ministry of Justice stated the camp from 1 September 1938 until 5 May 1945.^[2] As of 2008, the Neuengamme Memorial organization (German: KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme), an establishment of the Hamburg Ministry of Culture, Sports and Media, states that the empty camp was explored by British forces on 2 May 1945 and the last inmates were liberated in Flensburg on 10 May 1945.^[3] According to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, the camp was established on 13 December 1938 and liberated on 4 May 1945.^[4]

More than 80 subcamps were part of the Neuengamme concentration camp. Beginning in 1942, inmates of Neuengamme were transported to the camp Arbeitsdorf. The camps differed in size from about 2,000 inmates to 10 or less. Several of the subcamps have memorials or plaques, but as of 2000, there was nothing at 28 locations.^[5] Dr. Garbe, from the Neuengamme Memorial Museum wrote, "The importance of the satellite camps is further highlighted by the fact that toward the ends of the war three times more prisoners were in satellite camps than in the main camp."^[5]

At the main camp

1. Canalize of the Dove Elbe, a branch of the Elbe river: Elbekommando
2. Klinkerwerk (brick factory) of the DEST
3. Lagergärtnerei (camp plant nursery)
4. Tongruben (clay cavities)
5. Manufacturing plant of the Walther-Werke
6. Armament factories of Messap and Jastram

In Hamburg

Subcamps and working locations in Hamburg proper sorted by name.

Outside of Hamburg

Subcamps of Neuengamme in alphabetical order. Using the political division of Germany of the year 2000, there were at least 34 subcamps in Lower Saxony, 9 in Bremen, 9 in Schleswig-Holstein, 6 in North Rhine-Westphalia, 5 in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, 3 in Saxony-Anhalt, and 1 in Brandenburg.^[5] Also, four subcamps were located in Alderney, occupied Channel Islands, British Commonwealth.

Construction labor brigades

Inmates of concentration camps were centralized in construction labor brigades (German:Baubrigaden), organized by the SS, to clean up after air raids, remove unexploded ordnance devices and bombs, or recover corpses. Some of the brigades worked also at the Friesenwall — part of the Atlantic Wall at the German North Sea coast — and fortifications in German cities e.g. antitank obstacles. Other brigades were placing or repairing rails or railway stations.

Further names

Names found in some lists, probably mistake in writing or double-listings:

See also

• Nazi concentration camp list
• The Holocaust

Note

External links

• Memorial Neuengamme (German)
• Holocaust memorials