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List of urban areas by population

 
Wikipedia: List of urban areas by population
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This is a list of contiguous urban areas of the world ordered according to population as of 2009. The figures here have been compiled by Demographia.[1]

Contents

Definitions and issues

Demographia defines an urban area (urbanized area agglomeration or urban centre) as a continuously built up landmass of urban development containing a high population density, without regard for administrative boundaries (i.e. municipality, city or commune) or a labor market (i.e. metropolitan area). Except in Australia, the authorities use a minimum urban density definition of 400 persons per square kilometer (or the nearly identical 1,000 per square mile in the United States). Demographia uses maps, satellite photographs to estimate continuous urbanization. Demographia also uses small area population data, where available, to match population estimates to urbanized land area. National census authority data are presented in Australia, Canada, France, the United Kingdom and the United States. Census of India urban agglomerations are not used because the geographical size of constituent units (municipalities) often includes large rural (non-urban) areas. Sources for population estimates and land area definitions are coded by letter in the Table below, respectively.

A: National census authority data.
B: Demographia land area estimate based upon map or satellite photograph analysis.
C: Demographia population "build up" from third, fourth or fifth order jurisdictions (NUTS-3, NUTS-4, NUTS-5 or equivalent).
D: Population estimate based upon United Nations agglomeration estimate.
E: Demographia population estimate from national census authority agglomeration data.
F: Other Demographia population estimate.
G: Estimate based upon projected growth rate from last census.
H: Combination of adjacent national census authority agglomerations.

The most reliable population estimates are A and H. Population estimates C are generally reliable. Population estimates D and E are less reliable. Population estimates coded F and G are the least reliable.

The estimates are quite different from the list of World's largest urban agglomerations produced by the United Nations that reports inconsistently on urban geographic, despite its reference to agglomerations. This is evident, for example, in Manila, Kuala Lumpur, Jakarta, Seoul and Moscow, where the UN data are for political jurisdictions, rather than urban areas. In other cases, metropolitan area data are shown, such as in Brazil.

Urban areas are confined to a single metropolitan area or labor market area. In some cases, urban areas have virtually grown together (e.g. the Northeast megalopolis in the United States and Taiheiyō Belt in Japan), yet are still considered separate urban areas.

Urban areas are confined to a single nation, unless there is freedom of movement (including labor) between the adjacent nations. Currently, this condition is met only between some continental nations of the European Union (e.g. Lille–Kortrijk in both France and Belgium).

Urban areas (population over 2,000,000) ranked by 2009 projected population

Rank City Country Population Area (km2) Density
(/km2)		 Annual

Change (%/yr)

 Sources of

Pop. / Area
1 Tokyo–Yokohama (Keihin)[2]  Japan 34,670,000 7,835 4,430 0.11 C / B
2 Jakarta[3]  Indonesia 23,345,000 2,720 8,580 2.39 F / B
3 New York[4]  United States 21,295,000 11,264 1,890 0.43 H / H
4 Mumbai (Bombay)[5]  India 20,400,000 777 26,255 1.87 C / B
5 Manila[6]  Philippines 20,075,000 1,425 14,090 2.39 C / B
6 Delhi[7]  India 19,830,000 1,425 13,920 2.00 C / B
7 Seoul–Incheon[8]  South Korea 19,660,000 1,943 10,120 0.05 C / B
8 São Paulo[9]  Brazil 19,505,000 2,590 7,530 0.72 C / B
9 Mexico City[10]  Mexico 18,585,000 2,137 8,700 0.55 C / B
10 Osaka–Kobe–Kyoto (Keihanshin)[11]  Japan 17,310,000 2,720 6,360 0.03 C / B
11 Cairo[12]  Egypt 17,035,000 1,269 13,420 1.50 E / B
12 Kolkata (Calcutta)  India 15,250,000 984 15,500 1.85 A / B
13 Los Angeles[13]  United States 14,940,000 5,812 2,570 1.14 H / H
14 Shanghai[14]  People's Republic of China 14,655,000 2,072 7,070 1.45 C / B
15 Shenzhen[15]  People's Republic of China 14,230,000 1,295 10,990 1.66 F / B
16 Moscow[16]  Russia 13,670,000 4,533 3,020 0.04 C / B
17 Buenos Aires[17]  Argentina 12,925,000 2,590 4,990 0.41 A / B
18 Beijing (Peking)  People's Republic of China 12,780,000 2,616 4,890 1.51 C / B
19 Guangzhou (Canton)–Foshan[15]  People's Republic of China 11,850,000 2,590 4,580 1.68 E / B
20 Rio de Janeiro  Brazil 11,400,000 1,580 7,220 0.54 C / B
21 Istanbul  Turkey 11,330,000 1,256 9,020 1.03 E / B
22 Paris  France 10,480,000 3,043 3,440 0.07 E / B
23 Dongguan[15]  People's Republic of China 10,345,000 1,295 7,990 1.72 F / B
24 Dhaka[18]  Bangladesh 10,190,000 344 29,620 2.76 C / B
25 Karachi[19]  Pakistan 9,665,000 881 10,970 2.55 G / B
26 Chicago[20]  United States 9,430,000 5,952 1,580 0.63 H / H
27 Nagoya (Chūkyō)[21]  Japan 9,285,000 3,302 2,810 0.11 C / B
28 Lagos[22]  Nigeria 9,185,000 971 9,460 2.89 C / B
29 London[23]  United Kingdom 8,580,000 1,623 5,290 0.03 A / A
30 Kinshasa[24]  Democratic Republic of the Congo 8,540,000 622 13,730 4.31 D / B
31 Tianjin (Tientsin)[25]  People's Republic of China 8,340,000 1,295 6,440 1.41 C / B
32 Bangkok  Thailand 8,330,000 1,502 5,550 1.22 C / B
33 Tehran[26]  Iran 8,110,000 635 12,770 1.23 E / B
34 Lima  Peru 7,915,000 648 12,210 1.01 C / B
35 Bogotá  Colombia 7,755,000 414 18,730 1.18 E / B
36 Johannesburg–East Rand[27]  South Africa 7,500,000 2,396 3,130 0.93 C / B
37 Chennai (Madras)  India 7,400,000 609 12,150 1.94 A / B
38 Essen (Ruhr)–Düsseldorf[28]  Germany 7,280,000 2,642 2,760 0.11 C / B
39 Bengaluru (Bangalore)  India 7,030,000 648 10,850 2.02 A / B
40 Lahore  Pakistan 7,005,000 583 12,020 2.64 G / B
40 Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon)  Vietnam 7,005,000 622 11,260 2.41 E / B
42 Hong Kong[15]  Hong Kong, China 7,000,000 272 25,740 0.79 E / B
43 Hyderabad  India 6,815,000 790 8,630 1.99 C / B
44 Taipei[29]  Republic of China (Taiwan) 6,610,000 440 15,020 0.23 D / B
45 Toronto–Hamilton[30]  Canada 5,855,000 2,279 2,570 0.74 H / H
46 San Francisco–San Jose[31]  United States 5,780,000 2,497 2,310 0.48 H / H
47 Santiago  Chile 5,775,000 790 7,310 0.55 C / B
48 Kuala Lumpur[32]  Malaysia 5,715,000 2,137 2,670 2.17 E / B
49 Baghdad  Iraq 5,700,000 596 9,560 2.63 D / B
50 Miami[33]  United States 5,625,000 2,891 1,950 0.90 A / A
51 Philadelphia[4]  United States 5,550,000 4,661 1,190 0.33 A / A
52 Madrid  Spain 5,370,000 945 5,680 0.36 C / B
53 Ahmedabad  India 5,265,000 202 26,060 2.04 A / B
54 Boston[34]  United States 5,210,000 5,501 950 0.28 H / H
55 Dallas–Fort Worth[35]  United States 5,185,000 3,959 1,310 2.45 H / H
55 Wuhan  People's Republic of China 5,185,000 712 7,280 1.42 E / B
57 Shenyang[36]  People's Republic of China 4,965,000 725 6,850 1.41 E / B
58 Pune  India 4,835,000 220 21,980 2.10 A / B
59 Belo Horizonte  Brazil 4,810,000 1,010 4,760 1.07 C / B
60 Khartoum  Sudan 4,710,000 583 8,080 2.89 D / B
61 Riyadh  Saudi Arabia 4,650,000 1,321 3,520 1.91 E / B
62 Houston[37]  United States 4,595,000 3,463 1,330 2.48 H / H
63 Saint Petersburg[38]  Russia 4,530,000 1,191 3,800 −0.09 D / B
64 Atlanta[39]  United States 4,520,000 5,083 890 2.72 A / A
65 Singapore[40]  Singapore 4,485,000 479 9,360 0.78 D / B
66 Washington, D.C.[41]  United States 4,380,000 2,996 1,460 1.53 A / A
67 Chengdu (Chengtu)  People's Republic of China 4,355,000 570 7,640 1.43 E / B
68 Milan[42]  Italy 4,335,000 2,370 1,830 0.30 C / B
69 Yangon (Rangoon)  Myanmar 4,310,000 350 12,310 2.03 D / B
70 Alexandria  Egypt 4,225,000 293 14,420 1.71 E / B
71 Barcelona  Spain 4,185,000 803 5,210 0.29 C / B
72 Guadalajara  Mexico 4,170,000 712 5,860 0.95 E / B
73 Detroit[43]  United States 4,150,000 3,267 1,270 −0.19 A / A
74 Surat  India 3,975,000 205 19,390 2.22 A / B
75 Xi'an (Sian)  People's Republic of China 3,965,000 531 7,470 1.49 E / B
76 Abidjan  Côte d'Ivoire 3,955,000 298 13,270 2.59 D / B
77 Ankara  Turkey 3,840,000 583 6,590 1.18 E / B
78 Hangzhou (Hangchow)[14]  People's Republic of China 3,815,000 648 5,890 1.90 E / B
79 Athens  Greece 3,760,000 684 5,500 0.14 C / B
80 Monterrey  Mexico 3,725,000 712 5,230 0.97 C / B
81 Sydney[44]  Australia 3,715,000 1,788 2,080 0.61 C / B
82 Berlin  Germany 3,700,000 984 3,760 0.04 C / B
83 Recife  Brazil 3,660,000 414 8,840 0.97 C / B
84 Phoenix–Mesa[45]  United States 3,570,000 2,069 1,730 3.05 A / A
85 Algiers[46]  Algeria 3,500,000 453 7,730 1.64 D / B
86 Porto Alegre  Brazil 3,495,000 777 4,500 0.94 C / B
87 Bandung  Indonesia 3,490,000 401 8,700 1.92 E / B
87 Harbin[47]  People's Republic of China 3,490,000 609 5,730 1.45 E / B
89 Melbourne[48]  Australia 3,460,000 2,152 1,610 0.72 C / B
90 Hanoi  Vietnam 3,440,000 194 17,730 2.43 E / B
91 Suzhou (Soochow)[14]  People's Republic of China 3,400,000 635 5,350 1.97 E / B
91 Busan  South Korea 3,400,000 259 13,130 −0.16 E / B
93 Montreal[49]  Canada 3,385,000 1,676 2,020 0.61 A / A
94 Luanda  Angola 3,370,000 363 9,280 4.09 D / B
95 Pyongyang  North Korea 3,355,000 207 16,210 0.53 E / B
96 Dalian  People's Republic of China 3,315,000 699 4,740 1.61 E / B
97 Kanpur  India 3,270,000 142 23,030 2.11 A / B
98 Nanjing (Nanking)[14]  People's Republic of China 3,265,000 855 3,820 1.45 E / B
98 Fortaleza  Brazil 3,265,000 725 4,500 1.09 C / B
100 Kabul  Afghanistan 3,230,000 259 12,470 4.45 E / B
101 Medellín  Colombia 3,195,000 189 16,900 1.26 C / B
101 Durban (eThekwini)  South Africa 3,195,000 829 3,850 0.84 C / B
103 Cape Town  South Africa 3,175,000 686 4,630 0.85 C / B
104 Nairobi  Kenya 3,145,000 479 6,570 3.78 E / B
105 Jeddah  Saudi Arabia 3,115,000 842 3,700 1.85 E / B
106 Seattle[50]  United States 3,100,000 2,470 1,260 1.20 A / A
106 Salvador  Brazil 3,100,000 389 7,970 1.07 C / B
108 Addis Ababa  Ethiopia 3,055,000 228 13,400 3.89 D / B
109 Kano  Nigeria 3,025,000 199 15,200 2.68 C / B
109 Kunming  People's Republic of China 3,025,000 518 5,840 1.64 E / B
111 Naples  Italy 3,020,000 777 3,890 0.02 C / B
112 Curitiba  Brazil 2,995,000 842 3,560 1.22 C / B
113 Jaipur  India 2,990,000 168 17,800 2.18 A / B
113 Chongqing (Chungking)[51]  People's Republic of China 2,990,000 544 5,500 1.38 E / B
115 San Diego[52]  United States 2,950,000 2,026 1,460 0.77 A / A
116 Casablanca  Morocco 2,925,000 220 13,300 1.20 E / B
117 Changchun  People's Republic of China 2,920,000 376 7,770 1.73 E / B
118 Surabaya  Indonesia 2,835,000 376 7,540 1.85 D / B
119 Dar es Salaam  Tanzania 2,800,000 324 8,640 3.75 C / B
119 Taiyuan  People's Republic of China 2,800,000 311 9,000 1.72 E / B
121 Lucknow  India 2,790,000 130 21,460 2.14 A / B
122 Taichung  Republic of China (Taiwan) 2,765,000 492 5,620 1.85 E / B
123 Dakar  Senegal 2,735,000 181 15,110 2.72 E / B
124 Rome[53]  Italy 2,715,000 855 3,180 −0.01 C / B
125 San Juan  Puerto Rico 2,680,000 2,309 1,160 0.23 A / A
126 İzmir  Turkey 2,665,000 272 9,800 1.23 E / B
127 Tel Aviv  Israel 2,655,000 453 5,860 1.00 D / B
128 Guayaquil[54]  Ecuador 2,645,000 220 12,020 1.57 D / B
128 Minneapolis–Saint Paul[55]  United States 2,645,000 2,316 1,140 1.20 A / A
128 Caracas  Venezuela 2,645,000 272 9,720 1.08 C / B
131 Kaohsiung  Republic of China (Taiwan) 2,630,000 363 7,250 1.55 E / B
132 Rawalpindi–Islamabad  Pakistan 2,605,000 233 11,180 2.87 C / B
133 Faisalabad  Pakistan 2,600,000 168 15,480 2.78 C / B
134 Kiev  Ukraine 2,565,000 544 4,720 0.12 D / B
135 Mashhad  Iran 2,545,000 207 12,290 1.64 E / B
136 Nagpur  India 2,540,000 114 22,280 2.13 A / B
137 Campinas  Brazil 2,500,000 958 2,610 1.23 C / B
137 Katowice–Gliwice–Tychy (USMU)  Poland 2,500,000 725 3,450 0.08 C / B
139 Changsha  People's Republic of China 2,490,000 389 6,400 1.91 E / B
139 Amman[56]  Jordan 2,490,000 344 7,240 1.39 E / B
141 Aleppo  Syria 2,465,000 210 11,740 2.12 D / B
142 Daegu  South Korea 2,380,000 181 13,150 0.00 E / B
143 Lisbon  Portugal 2,375,000 881 2,700 0.51 C / B
144 Tampa–St. Petersburg[57]  United States 2,340,000 2,078 1,130 1.72 A / A
145 Dubai  United Arab Emirates 2,335,000 829 2,820 2.31 E / B
145 Denver[58]  United States 2,335,000 1,292 1,810 1.65 A / A
147 Tashkent  Uzbekistan 2,330,000 531 4,390 1.57 E / B
148 Damascus  Syria 2,320,000 207 11,210 2.13 D / B
148 Lanzhou (Lanchow)  People's Republic of China 2,320,000 181 12,820 1.92 E / B
150 Tunis  Tunisia 2,315,000 363 6,380 1.49 F / B
151 Port-au-Prince  Haiti 2,300,000 171 13,450 2.91 C / B
151 Medan  Indonesia 2,300,000 246 9,350 1.91 E / B
151 Santo Domingo  Dominican Republic 2,300,000 246 9,350 1.64 C / B
154 Frankfurt  Germany 2,295,000 673 3,410 0.10 C / B
155 Birmingham[59]  United Kingdom 2,290,000 600 3,820 0.09 A / A
156 Baltimore[41]  United States 2,280,000 1,768 1,290 0.62 A / A
157 Shijiazhuang  People's Republic of China 2,265,000 363 6,240 1.92 E / B
158 Pretoria (Tshwane)[27]  South Africa 2,260,000 673 3,360 1.02 C / B
159 Fukuoka[60]  Japan 2,245,000 583 3,850 0.08 C / B
160 Cali  Colombia 2,240,000 155 14,450 1.19 C / B
160 Manchester[61]  United Kingdom 2,240,000 558 4,010 0.08 A / A
162 Patna  India 2,235,000 83 26,930 2.23 A / B
163 Fuzhou (Foochow)  People's Republic of China 2,230,000 259 8,610 1.91 E / B
163 St. Louis[62]  United States 2,230,000 2,147 1,040 0.66 A / A
165 Qingdao (Tsingtao)  People's Republic of China 2,220,000 440 5,050 1.50 E / B
166 Kuwait City  Kuwait 2,190,000 544 4,030 2.02 E / B
166 Havana  Cuba 2,190,000 285 7,680 −0.07 D / B
168 San‘a’  Yemen 2,185,000 194 11,260 4.43 E / B
168 Nanchang  People's Republic of China 2,185,000 466 4,690 2.03 E / B
168 Brasília  Brazil 2,185,000 583 3,750 1.35 C / B
171 Accra  Ghana 2,135,000 453 4,710 2.63 C / B
171 Sapporo  Japan 2,135,000 648 3,290 0.04 C / B
173 Changzhou (Changchow)[14]  People's Republic of China 2,110,000 194 10,880 2.00 E / B
174 Indore  India 2,100,000 85 24,710 2.21 A / B
174 Jinan (Tsinan)  People's Republic of China 2,100,000 350 6,000 1.52 E / B
176 Rotterdam–The Hague[63]  Netherlands 2,095,000 842 2,490 0.28 C / B
177 Vancouver[64]  Canada 2,080,000 1,178 1,770 0.73 A / A
178 Asunción  Paraguay 2,070,000 596 3,470 2.09 E / B
178 Zhengzhou (Zhengchow)  People's Republic of China 2,070,000 466 4,440 1.51 E / B
180 Maputo[65]  Mozambique 2,060,000 145 14,210 3.22 E / B
181 Budapest  Hungary 2,055,000 894 2,300 −0.08 D / B
182 Colombo  Sri Lanka 2,050,000 223 9,190 1.51 E / B
183 Baotou (Paotow)  People's Republic of China 2,045,000 363 5,630 1.93 E / B
183 Puebla  Mexico 2,045,000 376 5,440 1.08 C / B
183 Cologne–Bonn[28]  Germany 2,045,000 932 2,190 0.30 C / B
186 Warsaw  Poland 2,030,000 544 3,730 0.09 D / B
187 Douala  Cameroon 2,015,000 194 10,390 2.54 E / B
188 Harare  Zimbabwe 2,000,000 712 2,810 2.01 E / B
188 Jilin City  People's Republic of China 2,000,000 233 8,580 1.93 E / B

Number of areas by country

  • People's Republic of China (including Hong Kong): 31
  • United States (including Puerto Rico): 21
  • India: 15
  • Brazil: 10
  • Japan: 5
  • Germany, Indonesia, Mexico, Pakistan and South Africa: 4
  • Canada, Colombia, Italy, Republic of China (Taiwan), South Korea, Turkey and the United Kingdom: 3
  • Australia, Egypt, Iran, Nigeria, Poland, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Syria and Vietnam: 2

References and notes

  1. ^ World Urban Areas (500,000+): Population, Density
  2. ^ Includes large areas of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Chiba and Saitama prefectures and small areas of Gunma, Tochigi and Ibaraki prefectures. Excludes urban areas of Utsunomiya (500,000; 88 km2) and Mito (500,000; 246 km2).
  3. ^ Various international sources limit their population estimates to DKI Jakarta itself (the natinal capital district). However, the urbanization of Jakarta extends into the regencies of Tangerang, Bekasi, Bogor and Karawang and the separate cities of Bekasi, Depok and Bogor. Demographia continues to use the “Jakarta” name instead of Jabodetabek because of its familiarity.
  4. ^ a b Demographia defines urban area of New York as a combination of New York–Newark, Bridgeport–Stamford, New Haven, Trenton, Danbury and Hightstown urbanized areas. New York and Philadelphia (same with Philadelphia urbanized area) are treated as separate urban areas. Urban areas of Hartford (852,000; 1,216 km2), Allentown–Bethlehem (576,000; 750 km2), Springfield (574,000; 800 km2), Harrisburg (363,000; 540 km2), Poughkeepsie (352,000; 686 km2), Lancaster (324,000; 517 km2), Reading (240,000; 261 km2), Atlantic City (227,000; 313 km2), York (193,000; 307 km2), Waterbury (189,000; 254 km2) and Norwich–New London (173,000; 319 km2) are also excluded.
  5. ^ Includes Kalyan, Bhiwandi and Panvel. A large part of the municipality of Mumbai is rural, composed of the Sanjay Gandhi National Park and thus not included in the urban area.
  6. ^ The population is higher than other agglomeration estimates (such as the United Nations), tend to be limited to Metro Manila, which is a province level jurisdiction. The continuous urbanization of Manila extends outward into Bulacan, Cavite, Laguna, Rizal and Quezon provinces. The Demographia population estimate is a “build-up” of municipality population within the continuously developed area (urban area or agglomeration).
  7. ^ Includes Faridabad, Ghaziabad, Noida and Gurgaon.
  8. ^ Includes satellite cities in Gyeonggi Province such as Suwon, Goyang, Seongnam, Bucheon and Ansan which are treated as separate urban agglomerations by the United Nations.
  9. ^ Excludes urban area of Santos (1,425,000; 207 km2).
  10. ^ Excludes urban areas of Toluca (1,250,000; 220 km2) and Cuernavaca (675,000; 171 km2).
  11. ^ Includes Nara and Himeji. United Nations estimates separate Osaka–Kobe and Kyoto and exclude both Nara and Himeji. Excludes urban area of Ōtsu (700,000; 389 km2).
  12. ^ Includes the Governorate of Al-Qahirah (Cairo) and the cities of Al-Jizah (Giza) and Shubra al-Khaymah (Shubra El-Kheima)
  13. ^ Combination of Los Angeles–Long Beach–Santa Ana, Riverside–San Bernardino and Mission Viejo urbanized areas. Excludes urban areas of Oxnard (338,000; 196 km2), Lancaster–Palmdale (264,000; 234 km2), Indio–Palm Springs (255,000; 255 km2), Temecula–Murrieta (230,000; 248 km2), Thousand Oaks (211,000; 223 km2), Victorville–Hesperia (200,000; 321 km2), Santa Barbara (196,000; 155 km2), Santa Clarita (170,000; 141 km2), Hemet (117,000; 108 km2) and Simi Valley (112,000; 70 km2).
  14. ^ a b c d e Shanghai, Hangzhou, Suzhou, Nanjing and Changzhou are treated as separate urban areas which constitute the Yangtze River Delta economic zone. Urban areas of Shaoxing (600,000; 254 km2) and Zhuji (500,000; 104 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Shaoxing, Kunshan-Taicang (875,000; 401 km2) within the prefectrual level city of Suzhou, Huangyan (500,000; 65 km2) and Taizhou (350,000; 41 km2) within the prefectrure-level city of Taizhou, Wuxi (1,650,000; 389 km2), Ningbo (1,505,000; 570 km2), Yangzhou (675,000; 49 km2), Jiaxing (675,000; 130 km2), Huzhou (645,000; 111 km), Nantong (605,000; 85 km2) and Zhenjiang (480,000; 36 km2) are also excluded.
  15. ^ a b c d Hong Kong in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Shenzhen are treated as separate urban areas because of the lack of freedom of labor movement without trade, immigration or customs barriers. Guangzhou–Foshan, Shenzhen and Dongguan are also treated as separate urban areas which constitute the Pearl River Delta economic zone. Likewise, urban areas of Jiangmen–Xinhui (930,000; 130 km2) and Taishan (350,000; 21 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Jiangmen, Huizhou–Huiyang (900,000; 93 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Huiyang, Zhuhai (530,000; 117 km2), Zhongshan (410,000; 130 km2) and Zhaoqing (310,000; 41 km2) as well as urban area of Macau (525,000; 23 km2) in the Macau Special Administrative Region are excluded. Population estimates for Shenzhen and Dongguan are based upon press and other reports on the actual popuation, since the national census excludes millions of residents who do not have permanent resident status.
  16. ^ The population estimate is suspect, due to the lack of readily available data for local areas outside the city jurisdiction (Moscow Oblast). Demographia is indebted to Richard Forstall, who has provided local authority area population data for portions of Moscow Oblast within the Moscow urban areas. Other estimates (such as the United Nations estimate) include only the municipality of Moscow, which includes only part of the urban footprint.
  17. ^ Excludes urban area of La Plata (675,000; 228 km2) which has been included in the 2007 edition (13,460,000; 2,979 km2 in total).
  18. ^ The population is lower than other estimates (such as the United Nations), which include metropolitan area population not within the continuously developed urban area. The Demographia population estimate is determined from accumulating smaller area population data from national census data within the urban footprint.
  19. ^ The population is lower than other estimates (such as the United Nations), which include metropolitan area population not within the continuously developed urban area.
  20. ^ Combination of Chicago, Kenosha and Round Lake Beach–McHenry–Grayslake urbanized areas. Excludes urban areas of Milwaukee (1,309,000; 1,261 km2), South Bend (276,000; 404 km2), Rockford (270,000; 360 km2), Elkhart (131,000; 201 km2) and Racine (130,000; 119 km).
  21. ^ Includes Toyohashi.
  22. ^ Higher population estimates are indicated by some source. The Demographia population estimate is determined from accumulating smaller area population data from the 2006 census. Excludes urban area of Ikorodu (525,000; 130 km2) within Lagos State.
  23. ^ Greater London urban area. Excludes urban areas of Reading (370,000; 93 km2), Southend-on-Sea (269,000; 67 km2), Crawley (180,000; 54 km2), Slough (142,000; 31 km2), Thanet (119,000; 27 km2), High Wycombe (118,000; 33 km2), St Albans (115,000; 32 km2) and Basildon (101,000; 25 km2).
  24. ^ Excludes urban area of Brazzaville (1,420,000; 142 km2) in the Republic of the Congo.
  25. ^ The population is lower than other estimates (such as the United Nations), which include metropolitan area population not within the continuously developed urban area. The Demographia population estimate is a “build-up” of sub-municipality population within the continuously developed area (urban area or agglomeration). Excludes urban area of Tangshan (1,665,000; 277 km2).
  26. ^ Excludes urban area of Karaj (1,495,000; 145 km2).
  27. ^ a b Johannesburg–East Rand and Pretoria are treated as separate urban areas which constitute the Vaal Triangle. Urban area of Vereeninging (Emfuleni) (600,000; 479 km2) is also excluded.
  28. ^ a b Essen–Düsseldorf and Cologne–Bonn are treated as separate urban areas which constitute the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan area. Excludes urban area of Aachen–Vaals (585,000; 401 km2) in both Germany and the Netherlands.
  29. ^ The population is higher than other estimates (such as the United Nations), which do not include all population within the continuously developed urban area (especially in Taipei County). Excludes urban area of Taoyuan–Jhongli (Chungli) (1,715,000; 414 km2).
  30. ^ Combination of Toronto, Hamilton and Oshawa urban areas. Excludes urban areas of Kitchener (423,000; 314 km2), St. Catharines–Niagara Falls (309,000; 383 km2), Barrie (158,000; 172 km2) and Guelph (116,000; 78 km2) which constitute the Golden Horseshoe metropolitan region in Canada as well as urban areas of Buffalo (977,000; 950 km2) and Rochester (694,000; 764 km2) in the United States.
  31. ^ Combination of San Francisco–Oakland, San Jose and Concord urbanized areas. Excludes urban areas of Santa Rosa (285,000; 264 km2), San Rafael–Novato (233,000; 256 km2), Antioch (218,000; 156 km2), Vallejo (159,000; 88 km2), Santa Cruz (157,000; 142 km2) and Fairfield (112,000; 67 km2).
  32. ^ The population is higher than other agglomeration estimates (such as the United Nations), which does not include all of the continuously developed urban area. Continuous urbanization extends well beyond the municipality of Kuala Lumpur, for example to Port Klang and the area represents a single labor market (metropolitan area). The Demographia population estimate is a “build-up” of municipality population within the continuously developed area (urban area or agglomeration).
  33. ^ Miami urbanized area.
  34. ^ Combination of Boston, Worcester and Nashua urbanized areas. Excludes urban areas of Providence (1,175,000; 1,304 km2), New Bedford (147,000; 162 km2), Manchester (144,000; 184 km2) and Leominster–Fitchburg (113,000; 162 km2).
  35. ^ Combination of Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington and Denton–Lewisville urbanized areas.
  36. ^ Excludes urban area of Fushun (1,465,000; 130 km2).
  37. ^ Combination of Houston and The Woodlands urbanized areas.
  38. ^ Include communities under the authority of the Town Council.
  39. ^ Atlanta urbanized area.
  40. ^ Excludes urban area of Johor Bahru (860,000; 583 km2) in Malaysia.
  41. ^ a b The US Census Bureau combines Washington and Baltimore into a single metropolitan area (consolidated area) but Demographia considers the two (same with Washington, DC and Baltimore urbanized areas) as separate urban areas. Urban areas of Aberdeen–Havre de Grace (175,000; 264 km2), Hagerstown (120,000; 199 km2) and Frederick (119,000; 204 km2) are also excluded.
  42. ^ The population is higher than other agglomeration estimates (such as the United Nations), which does not incude all of the continuously developed urban area, which stretches into Como, Lecco and Varese provinces. Excludes Bergamo which has been included in the 2007 edition (4,950,000; 3,043 km2 in total).
  43. ^ Detroit urbanized area. Excludes urban areas of Toledo (503,000; 524 km2), Flint (365,000; 599 km2), Ann Arbor (284,000; 333 km2) and South Lyon (106,000; 246 km2) in the United States as well as urban area of Windsor (279,000; 176 km2) in Canada .
  44. ^ Excludes urban areas of Gosford (255,000; 275 km2) and Wollongong (234,000; 184 km2).
  45. ^ Phoenix–Mesa urbanized area.
  46. ^ Includes the Governorate of Grand Algiers.
  47. ^ Excludes urban areas of Acheng (300,000; 39 km2) and Shangzhi (250,000; 16 km2) within the sub-provincial city of Harbin.
  48. ^ Excludes urban area of Geelong (137,000; 101 km2).
  49. ^ Montréal urban area.
  50. ^ Seattle urbanized area. Excludes urban areas of Bremerton (178,000; 304 km2), Olympia–Lacey (144,000; 238 km2) and Marysville (114,000; 190 km2).
  51. ^ Excludes urban area of Wanzhou (200,000; 16 km2) within the municipality of Chongqing. The direct-controlled municipality of Chongqing, which is sometimes translated as the direct-controlled city of Chongqing, has the largest population of any organism called a city in the stretches far beyond any reasonable definition of a metropolitan area and has a land area similar to that of Austria.
  52. ^ San Diego urbanized area. Excludes urban area of Tijuana (1,400,000; 324 km2) in Mexico.
  53. ^ Excludes the State of the Vatican City.
  54. ^ Includes the locality of Eloy Alfaro (Durán).
  55. ^ Minneapolis–St. Paul urbanized area.
  56. ^ Includes Az-Zarqa.
  57. ^ Tampa–St. Petersburg urbanized area. Excludes urban areas of Sarasota–Bradenton (559,000; 700 km2), Lakeland (199,000; 312 km2), Winter Haven (154,000; 270 km2) and Brooksville (102,000; 217 km2).
  58. ^ Denver–Aurora urbanized area. Excludes urban areas of Fort Collins (207,000; 216 km2) and Boulder (112,000; 85 km2).
  59. ^ West Midlands urban area. Excludes urban areas of Coventry (336,000; 76 km2) and Nuneaton (132,000; 33 km2).
  60. ^ Excludes urban area of Kitakyūshū (1,800,000; 1,166 km2). Some sources combine Fukuoka with Kitakyūshū (such as the United Nations), which is not a part of the continuous urbanization of Fukuoka. The Demographia population estimate is a “build-up” of municipality population within the continuously developed area (urban area or agglomeration).
  61. ^ Greater Manchester urban area. Excludes urban areas of Liverpool (816,000; 186 km2), Birkenhead (320,000; 89 km2), Wigan (167,000; 39 km2), Warrington (158,000; 44 km2) and Southport (116,000; 31 km2).
  62. ^ St. Louis urbanized area.
  63. ^ Excludes urban areas of Amsterdam (1,100,000; 414 km2), Haarlem (450,000; 142 km2) and Utrecht (400,000; 109 km2) which constitute the Randstad metropolitan region.
  64. ^ Vancouver urban area. Excludes urban area of Abbotsford (139,000; 155 km2).
  65. ^ Includes Matola.

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Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "List of urban areas by population".  Read more