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Lithium fluoride

 
Sci-Tech Dictionary: lithium fluoride
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(′lith·ē·əm ′flu̇r′īd)

(inorganic chemistry) LiF Poisonous, white powder melting at 870°C, boiling at 1670°C; insoluble in alcohol, slightly soluble in water, and soluble in acids; used as a heat-exchange medium, as a welding and soldering flux, in ceramics, and as crystals in infrared instruments.

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Wikipedia: Lithium fluoride
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Lithium fluoride
Lithium fluoride boule
Lithium fluoride
IUPAC name
Identifiers
CAS number 7789-24-4 Yes check.svgY
PubChem 224478
EC number 232-152-0
RTECS number OJ6125000
Properties
Molecular formula LiF
Molar mass 25.939(2) g/mol
Appearance white powder or transparent crystals,
non-hygroscopic
Density 2.635 g/cm3
Melting point

845 °C, 1118 K, 1553 °F
Boiling point

1676 °C, 1949 K, 3049 °F
Solubility in water 0.27 g/100 mL (18 °C) [1]
Solubility soluble in HF
insoluble in alcohol
Refractive index (nD) 1.39937
Structure
Crystal structure Cubic
Molecular shape Linear
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of
formation ΔfHo298		 -23.75 kJ/g
Standard molar
entropy So298		 1.376 J/(g K)
Specific heat capacity, C 1.604 J/(g K)
Related compounds
Other anions Lithium chloride
Lithium bromide
Lithium iodide
Other cations Sodium fluoride
Potassium fluoride
Rubidium fluoride
Caesium fluoride
 Yes check.svgY (what is this?)  (verify)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Lithium fluoride is a chemical compound of lithium and fluorine. It is a white, inorganic, crystalline, ionic, solid salt under standard conditions. It transmits ultraviolet radiation more efficiently than any other known substance. Uses include specialized UV optics,[2] and as a means to record gamma and neutron exposure in thermoluminescent dosimeters. Lithium fluoride also has a very high electrical resistance due to its wide band gap. Griceite is the name for very rare mineralogical form of LiF.

Lithium fluoride (highly enriched in the common isotope lithium-7) forms the basic constituent of the preferred fluoride salt mixture used in liquid-fluoride nuclear reactors. Typically lithium fluoride is mixed with beryllium fluoride to form a base solvent, into which fluorides of uranium and thorium are introduced. Lithium fluoride is exceptionally chemically stable and LiF/BeF2 mixtures have low melting points and the best neutronic properties of fluoride salt combinations appropriate for reactor use.

References

  1. ^ Pradyot Patnaik. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0070494398
  2. ^ "Crystran Ltd., a manufacturer of infrared and ultraviolet optics". http://www.crystran.co.uk/index.htm. Retrieved 2005-09-15. 
  1. "Lithium fluoride". http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C7789244&Units=SI. Retrieved 2006-02-26. 


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