Liverpool Plains
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Liverpool Plains
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The Liverpool Plains are an extensive pastoral area covering approximately 1.2 million hectares of the north-western slopes of New South Wales in Australia.
These plains are a region of prime agricultural land bounded to the east by the Great Dividing Range, to the south by the Liverpool Range and on the west by the Warrumbungle Range. The area is drained by the Namoi River and its tributaries, the Mooki River and the Peel River. There are many depressions, across the plains, which remain as lakes for long periods after heavy rain. These plains are unusual in that many steep hills arise suddenly from the plains.
Towns in the Liverpool Plains include Gunnedah, Narrabri, Quirindi, Werris Creek and Tamworth. Smaller villages include Breeza, Carroll, Mullaley and Willow Tree.
Most of the region nowadays comes under the jurisdiction of Liverpool Plains Shire Council. However substantial parts of the region also form part of the Gunnedah and Tamworth local government areas.
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History
The Liverpool Plains were initially inhabited by Aborigines. John Oxley was the first European to visit the area while exploring the Macquarie River area in 1818. The Plains were subsequently named after the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, the Earl of Liverpool.[1] Nowlands Gap, a pass over the Liverpool Range, was discovered by William Nowland and has been described as the gateway to the Liverpool Plains. In the early 1830s, Henry Dangar surveyed and explored the area and made land claims in the name of the Australian Agricultural Company.
During the 1860s Captain Thunderbolt (Fred Ward) and two accomplices robbed inns and mail-coaches in the Liverpool Plains district.[2]
Agriculture
This area is typical of temperate woodland regions in south-east Australia. Agricultural settlement of the Liverpool Plains started in the late 1820s after the pass was discovered and since then it has been one of the prime agricultural regions of New South Wales. The major land uses of the Liverpool Plains are cropping and grazing. The main crops include barley, chickpeas, faba beans, sorghum, sunflowers, soybeans, maize, wheat and cotton while grazing comprises beef cattle and sheep mainly for prime lambs. The more fertile alluvial soils (native grassland and poplar box country) have been cleared, while larger areas of remnant vegetation (ironbark and Callitris pine) remain on poorer sandy and ridgetop soils.
Coal mining
Agriculture in the Liverpool Plains is now under threat from the expansion of coal mining by BHP at Caroona, and the China Shenhua Energy Company at Watermark, together with Santos drilling for Coal Seam Gas (gas). Rising community concern spearheaded by Caroona Coal Action Group (CCAG) has led to a Blockade of a test drilling site.[3] CCAG is calling for a full independent ground water study to precede any mining activity.
See also
References
- ^ The Australian Encyclopedia Vol. V, Halstead Press, Sydney
- ^ Victor Crittenden, 'Ward, Frederick (Captain Thunderbolt) (1835 - 1870)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 6
- ^ The Land - Caroona keeps BHP from door Retrieved on 19-2-2009
External links
Coordinates: 30°23′05″S 149°20′43″E / 30.38472°S 149.34528°E
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