Lorelei

Lorelei Rock on the Rhine

Lorelei in 1900

Lorelei

Lorelei sign on the bank of the Rhine

View of the Rhine as seen by the Lorelei

The Lorelei (also spelled Loreley) is a rock on the eastern bank of the Rhine near St. Goarshausen, Germany, which soars some 120 metres above the water line. It marks the narrowest part of the river between Switzerland and the North Sea. A very strong current and rocks below the waterline have caused many boat accidents there. Since 1395, the vineyards of the Counts of Katzenelnbogen have been located here.

Lorelei is also the name of one of the beautiful Rhine Maidens who, legend has it, lured navigators of this river to their dooms with their alluring singing, much like the Sirens of ancient Greek myth.

The name comes from the old German words "lureln" (Rhine dialect for "murmuring") and the Celtic term "ley" (rock). The translation of the name would therefore be: "murmur rock" or "murmuring rock". The heavy currents, and a small waterfall in the area (still visible in the early 19th century) created a murmuring sound, and this combined with the special echo the rock produces which acted as a sort of amplifier, then gave name to the rock itself.^[1] The murmuring is hard to hear today due to the urbanization of the area. Other theories attribute the name to the many accidents, by combining the word "luren" (lurk) with the same "ley" ending, with the translation "lurking rock".

In folklore, poetry, and song

The rock is associated with several legendary tales originating in German folklore. It appears in many forms. The legend was first created by the German author Clemens Brentano in his novel "Godwi oder Das steinerne Bild der Mutter" (1801); Brentano was inspired by Ovid, especially by the Echo-Narcissus myth. The poem "Die Lorelei" by Heinrich Heine, which was labelled as "written by unknown writer" during the Third Reich because it was too popular to ban it completely for its Jewish authorship, is still one of the most well known poems in German language.

One of the legends is that Lorelei, a beautiful young maiden, committed suicide because of an unfaithful lover. She jumped from the steep rock into the Rhine River, thus killing herself. She then became a siren, luring shipmen to their fates with her hypnotizing voice. The echoing heard today is said to be Lorelei.

According to the German legend of the Lorelei, there was once a beautiful young maiden, named Lorelei, who threw herself headlong into the river in despair over a faithless lover. Upon her death she was transformed into a siren and could from that time on be heard singing on a rock along the Rhine River, near St. Goar. Her hypnotic music lured sailors to their death. The legend is based on an echoing rock with that name near Sankt Goarshausen, Germany. (From the encyclopedia mythica.)

There are many spelling variations of the name, the most common being Lorelei, Loreli, Lorilei, Loreley, Lorely, Lorelie, and Lorelee. It's correct pronunciation is LORE-Eh-lie.

The rock band STYX composed one song with Lorelei as the title. However, there are also other songs about Lorelei from worldwide sources.

Notes

External links

Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Lorelei.

• The Loreley, a vineyard of the Counts of Katzenelnbogen and their first Riesling of the World
• Text of "Die Lorelei" by Heinrich Heine with English translation
• Text of the Poem by Clemens Brentano
• Lorelei Info Information all about the Lorelei
• Lorelei Song mp3

Coordinates: 50°08′22″N 7°43′44″E / 50.13944°N 7.72889°E / 50.13944; 7.72889