| Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz | |
|---|---|
| Queen consort of Prussia; Electress consort of Brandenburg | |
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| portrait by Joseph Grassi | |
| Tenure | 1797 – 1810 |
| Spouse | Frederick William III |
| Issue | |
| Frederick William IV William I, German Emperor Princess Charlotte Princess Frederica Prince Charles Princess Alexandrine Prince Ferdinand Princess Louise Prince Albert |
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| Full name | |
| Luisa Augusta Wilhelmina Amelia | |
| House | House of Mecklenburg House of Hohenzollern |
| Father | Charles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz |
| Mother | Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt |
| Born | 10 March 1776 Hanover |
| Died | 19 July 1810 (aged 34) Schloss Hohenzieritz |
| Burial | Charlottenburg |
Luise Auguste Wilhelmine Amalie (Luisa Augusta Wilhelmina Amelia) (10 March 1776 – 19 July 1810) was Queen consort of Prussia.
Contents |
Biography
Louise was born in Hanover, where her father, Karl of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, was field marshal of the household brigade. Her mother was Princess Friederike Caroline Luise of Hesse-Darmstadt.
Her paternal grandparents were Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Elizabeth Albertine, Princess of Saxe-Hildburghausen. Queen Charlotte, royal consort of King George III of the United Kingdom, was her paternal aunt, thus King George IV of United Kingdom, King William IV of the United Kingdom and King Ernest Augustus I of Hanover were her first cousins.
Her maternal grandparents were Georg Wilhelm of Hessen-Darmstadt and Maria of Leiningen-Dagsburg. Georg Wilhelm was a son of Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt. In 1793, at Frankfurt, Luise met the Crown Prince of Prussia, afterwards King Frederick William III. Deeply impressed by her beauty and nobility of character, Frederick William asked her to become his wife. They were married on 24 December of the same year. As Queen of Prussia, she commanded universal respect and affection, and nothing in Prussian history is more admired than the dignity and unflinching courage with which she bore the sufferings inflicted on her and her family during the war between Prussia and France.
After the battle of Jena she went with her husband to Königsberg, and when the battles of Eylau and Friedland had placed Prussia absolutely at the mercy of France, she made a personal appeal to Napoleon I of France at his headquarters in Tilsit, but without success. Early in 1808 she accompanied the king from Memel to Königsberg, whence, towards the end of the year, she visited Saint Petersburg, returning to Berlin on 23 December 1809.
During the war Napoleon attempted to destroy the Queen's reputation, but the only effect of his charges in Prussia was to make her more deeply beloved. On 19 July 1810 she died in her husband's arms, while visiting her father in Strelitz. She was buried in the garden of the Palace at Charlottenburg, where a mausoleum, containing a fine recumbent statue by Rauch, was built over her grave. In 1840, her husband was buried by her side.
Issue
| Name | Birth | Death | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Stillborn Daughter | 1 October 1794 | 1 October 1794 | - |
| Frederick William IV of Prussia | 15 October 1795 | 2 January 1861 | married Elisabeth Ludovika of Bavaria (1801-1873), no issue |
| Wilhelm I of Prussia | 22 March 1797 | 9 March 1888 | married Augusta of Saxe-Weimar (1811-1890), had issue |
| Charlotte | 13 July 1798 | 1 November 1860 | married Nicholas I of Russia, had issue |
| Frederica | 14 October 1799 | 30 March 1800 | died in childhood |
| Charles | 29 July 1801 | 21 January 1883 | married Princess Marie of Saxe-Weimar and had issue. |
| Alexandrine | 23 February 1803 | 21 April 1892 | married Paul Friedrich, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and had issue |
| Ferdinand | 13 December 1804 | 1 April 1806 | died of diphtheria in childhood |
| Louise | 1 February 1808 | 6 December 1870 | married Prince Frederick of the Netherlands, had issue |
| Albert (Albrecht) | 4 October 1809 | 14 October 1872 | married Marianne, daughter of King William I of the Netherlands, had issue, Married second to Rosalie von Rauch, Countess of Hohenau, daughter of Gustav von Rauch, had issue. |
Ancestry
| Ancestors of Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Posthumous honors
- In 1814 king Frederick William III of Prussia instituted the Order of Louise (Luisenorden).
- In 1880 a statue of Queen Louise was erected in the Tiergarten in Berlin.
- Queen Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz inspired the establishment of a conservative women's organization known as Königin-Luise-Bund, often shortened to Luisenbund ("Queen Louise League") in which her person achieved an almost cult-like status. The Königin-Luise-Bund was active during the time of the Weimar Republic and the first years of the Third Reich.[2] Despite having actively supported the National Socialist movement since its early stages all through their accession to power in 1933, the Queen Louise League was nonetheless disbanded by the Nazis in 1934.[3]
References
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This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please improve this article by introducing more precise citations where appropriate. (April 2009) |
- ^ a b Darryl Lund. "Katherine Polyxene Gräfin zu Solms-Rödelheim und Assenheim", 2005-08-19. Retrieved on 2009-03-15.
- ^ Philipp Demandt, Luisenkult, Die Unsterblichkeit der Königin von Preußen, Böhlau-Verlag GmbH, Köln-Weimar-Wien 2003 ISBN 10-3412074039
- ^ Conan Fisher, The Rise of National Socialism and the Working Classes in Weimar, Berghahn Books, Providence/Oxford 1996
- Adami, F., Luise, Konigin von Preussen (7th ed., 1875),
- Engel, E., Königin Luise (1876);
- A. Kluckhohn, Luise, Konigin von Preussen (1876);
- Mommsen and Treitschke, Königin Luise (1876).
- Hudson, Life and Times of Louisa, Queen of Prussia (1874), (in English).
- Horn, G., Das Buch von der Königin Luise (Berlin, 1883).
- Lonke, A., Königin Luise von Preussen (Leipzig, 1903).
- H. von Petersdorff, Königin Luise, Frauenleben, Bd. i., (Bielefeld, 1903; 2nd edition, 1904).
- Wright, Constance, Louise, Queen of Prussia, (London, 1969), ISBN 0-584-10163-5
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica, Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Luise von Mecklenburg-Strelitz |
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Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Louise of Prussia. |
- FemBiography Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
- http://www.batguano.com/Xqueenofprussia.html
- http://www.ac.wwu.edu/~stephan/Rulers/hohenzollern.html
- Louise's death mask, from the Laurence Hutton Collection
- Online Biography of Louise von Mecklenburg-Strelitz (in French)
| Preceded by Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt |
Electress of Brandenburg 1797 – 1806 |
Succeeded by Title abandoned |
| Preceded by Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt |
Queen of Prussia 1797 – 1810 |
Succeeded by Elisabeth Ludovika of Bavaria |
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