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Lower Rhenish-Westphalian Circle

 
Wikipedia: Lower Rhenish-Westphalian Circle
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A map of the Imperial Circles as at the beginning of the 16th century. The Lower Rhenish–Westphalian Circle is shown in light brown.
Historical map of the Lower Rhenish–Westphalian Circle of 1710.

The Lower Rhenish-Westphalian Circle (German: Niederrheinisch-Westfälischer Reichskreis) was an Imperial Circle of the Holy Roman Empire.

Composition

The circle was made up of the following states:

Name Type of entity Comments
Stadtwappen der kreisfreien Stadt Aachen.svg Aachen Imperial City Reichsfreiheit granted by Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa in 1166
Wappen Anholt.png Anholt Lordship Former territory of the Utrecht bishops, reichsfrei since the 14th century, held by the Lords of Gemen, fell to Salm-Salm in 1641
Wappen Beilstein Wuerttemberg.png Beilstein Lordship Fief of Trier since 1488, held by the Freiherren von Metternich from 1635, Reichsgrafen from 1679
Blason Simon de Bentheim.svg Bentheim County Inherited by the Freiherren von Steinfurt in 1421, Bentheim-Bentheim since 1454, again held by Steinfurt from 1530
Bergischer Loewe.svg Berg Duchy Raised to duchy by King Wenceslaus of Luxembourg in 1380, part of Jülich-Cleves-Berg from 1521 to 1614, with Jülich to Palatinate-Neuburg according to the Treaty of Xanten
Wappen von Blankenheim.png Blankenheim-Gerolstein County Inherited by Manderscheid in 1468
Stadtwappen der Stadt Brakel.png Brakel Imperial City Status challenged by the Prince-Bishopric of Paderborn
Blason cambrai.svg Cambrai Prince-Bishopric Diocese established in the 6th century, Reichsfreiheit granted by King Henry II in 1007, archbishopric fom 1559, fell to France by the 1679 Peace of Nijmegen
Blason cambrai.svg Cambrai Imperial City Status challenged by the Cambrai bishops, declared to a duchy by Emperor Maximilian I of Habsburg in 1510
Cleves Arms.svg Cleves Duchy Part of Jülich-Cleves-Berg 1521 to 1614
Wappen Koeln.svg Cologne Imperial City Status acknowledged by Emperor Frederick III of Habsburg in 1475
Corvey-abt.PNG Corvey Abbacy Established in 815 by King Louis the Pious
Delmenhorst-Wappen.jpg Delmenhorst County
Wappen diepholz.png Diepholz County
Coat of arms of Dortmund.svg Dortmund Imperial City
Stadtwappen der kreisfreien Stadt Duisburg.png Duisburg Imperial City status unclear
Wappen der Stadt Düren.svg Düren Imperial City
Ostfriesland CoA.svg East Frisia County Raised to Principality 1662, fell to Prussia in 1744
Coat of arms echternach luxbrg.png Echternach Abbacy
Wappen Stadt Essen DE.svg Essen Abbacy
Coats of arms of None.svg Fagnolle County
Coats of arms of None.svg Gemen Lordship
Coats of arms of None.svg Gimborn Lordship
Wapengronsveld.gif Gronsveld County
Hallermund Arms.png Hallermund County
POL heraldy - pas.svg Herford Abbacy
Wappen-Herford-bunt.jpg Herford Imperial City status unclear
Wappen Holzappel.png Holzappel County
Hoya-Grafschaft.PNG Hoya County
Wappen Juelich.png Jülich Duchy Part of Jülich-Cleves-Berg 1521 to 1614
Coats of arms of None.svg Kerpen-Lommersum County
Kornelimünster Wappen.jpg Kornelimünster Abbacy
Wappen Lemgo.svg Lemgo Imperial City
Bishopric of Liège.png Liège Bishopric
Lingen Wappen.png Lingen County
Wappen Deutsches Reich - Fürstentum Lippe.png Lippe Principality
Armoiries Comtes de Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg Duchy unclear, later to Burgundian Circle
Wappen manderscheid.jpg Manderscheid County
Armoiries de la Marck 1.svg Mark County Part of Jülich-Cleves-Berg to 1614
Arms-Myllendonk.png Myllendonk Lordship
Minden-Bistum.PNG Minden Bishopric Secularised to Brandenburg by the 1648 Peace of Westphalia, as the Principality of Minden
Wappen Moers.svg Moers Principality
Wappen Wildeshausen.png Münster Bishopric
Wappen stadt diez.gif Nassau-Diez County Emerged from Nassau-Dillenburg 1606, Principality 1654
Wappen Dillenburg.png Nassau-Dillenburg County Principality 1652, fell to Nassau-Diez 1739
Wappen Hadamar.png Nassau-Hadamar County Emerged from Nassau-Dillenburg 1606, Principality 1650, fell to Nassau-Diez 1743
Wappen Deutsches Reich - Grossherzogtum Oldenburg.png Oldenburg County
Osnabrück-bistum.PNG Osnabrück Bishopric
Paderborner Wappen.png Paderborn Bishopric
Wappen Pyrmont.jpg Pyrmont County
Ravensberg Arms.svg Ravensberg County
Coats of arms of None.svg Reckheim County
Coats of arms of None.svg Reichenstein Lordship
Rietberg.jpg Rietberg County
Coats of arms of None.svg Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck County status unclear
Blason Sayn.svg Sayn County
Wappen Landkreis Schaumburg.png Schaumburg County
Wappen Landkreis Schaumburg.png Schaumburg-Hesse County
Wappen Deutsches Reich - Fürstentum Schaumburg-Lippe.png Schaumburg-Lippe County
Wappen von Schleiden.png Schleiden County
Soest-coa.svg Soest Imperial City
Wappen Spiegelberg.png Spiegelberg County
Coat of arms of Stavelot.png Stavelot-Malmedy Abbacy
Bentheim-Steinfurt.PNG Steinfurt County Bentheim-Steinfurt since 1454, Reichsfreiheit granted by Emperor Frederick III of Habsburg in 1486, County of Steinfurt in 1495
WappenTecklenburg.jpg Tecklenburg County Bentheim-Tecklenburg from 1557
Thorn wapen.png Thorn Abbacy
Utrecht-bisdom.PNG Utrecht Bishopric later to Burgundian Circle
Wappen Verden (Aller).svg Verden Bishopric Secularized as a principality held by the King of Sweden from 1648
Wappen Verden (Aller).svg Verden Imperial City status unclear
Virneburg wappen.gif Virneburg County
Stadtwappen der Stadt Warburg.svg Warburg Imperial City
Coats of arms of None.svg Werden Abbacy
Weselwappen.png Wesel Imperial City status unclear
Wappen Wickrath.png Wickrath County
Neuwied Stadtwappen.svg Wied County
Coats of arms of None.svg Winneburg Lordship
Coat of arms of Gulpen-Wittem.png Wittem Lordship

References


This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)

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Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Lower Rhenish-Westphalian Circle".  Read more