Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal

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Luís Filipe
Prince Royal of Portugal, Duke of Braganza (more...)
Prince Royal of Portugal
Tenure	19 October 1889 – 1 February 1908
Predecessor	Carlos I
Successor	Afonso Henriques
Duke of Braganza
Tenure	19 October 1889 – 1 February 1908
Predecessor	Carlos I
Successor	Duarte Nuno
Prince of Beira and Duke of Barcelos
Tenure	21 March 1887 – 19 October 1889
Predecessor	Maria da Glória
Successor	Duarte Pio
House	House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Father	Carlos I of Portugal
Mother	Amélie of Orléans
Born	21 March 1887(1887-03-21) Belém Palace, Lisbon, Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves
Died	1 February 1908(1908-02-01) (aged 20) Terreiro do Paço, Lisbon, Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves
Religion	Roman Catholic

Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal, (Portuguese pronunciation: [luˈiʃ fɨˈlip(ɨ)]; Dom Luís Filipe Maria Carlos Amélio Francisco Víctor Manuel António Lourenço Miguel Rafael Gabriel Gonzaga Xavier Francisco de Assis Bento de Orleães Bragança e Saxe-Coburgo-Gotha; 21 March 1887 – 1 February 1908) was the eldest son of King Carlos I of Portugal. He was born in 1887 while his father was still Prince Royal of Portugal, and received the usual style of the heirs to the heir of the Portuguese crown: he was then at birth 4th Prince of Beira, with the subsidiary title of 14th Duke of Barcelos, private to the heir of the Dukedom of Braganza; and after his grandfather king Dom Luís I died, he became Prince Royal of Portugal, with the subsidiary titles of 21st Duke of Braganza, 20th Marquis of Vila Viçosa, 28th count of Barcelos, 25th count of Ourém, 23rd count of Arraiolos, 22nd count of Neiva; he was later created Knight Commander of the Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa, Knight of the Order of the Garter, and Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece.

Early life

The Coat of arms of Luís Filipe as a Knight of the Garter

Dom Luís was born in Lisbon, the elder son of Carlos, Prince Royal of Portugal, (later King Carlos I of Portugal) and the Princess Amélie d'Orléans. Dom Luís Filipe was granted when born the titles of Prince of Beira and Duke of Barcelos, traditionally held by the heir apparent of the Prince Royal of Portugal (Príncipe Real).

Two years later, Dom Luís Filipe inherited all his father's royal princely titles when Charles became king, being himself restyled Prince Royal, and inheriting at the same time the Dukedom of Braganza (21st Duke), the biggest private fortune in Portugal at that time, who was at the disposal of the heir to the Portuguese crown. In English, he is sometimes, but inaccurately, called Crown Prince of Portugal.

In 1907 the Prince Royal acted as regent of the Kingdom while his father was outside the country. The same year he made a very successful official visit to the Portuguese colonies in Africa, being the first royal ever to go there.

Dom Luís was the pupil of the African war hero Mouzinho de Albuquerque, and like all the Braganzas, showed many aptitudes in the arts, besides his military education. Negotiations were being held when he was assassinated for him to marry his cousin Princess Patricia of Connaught, granddaughter to Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, the daughter of British Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn and Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia. She was sister to Princess Margaret of Connaught, wife Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden.

Lisbon Regicide

On 1 February 1908 Dom Luís Filipe and his family were returning to Lisbon from Vila Viçosa Palace, in Alentejo, private head to the House of Braganza. Alfredo Costa and Manuel Buiça, two members of a revolutionary society called the Carbonária, shot at all the royal family, hitting Luís Filipe, his father king Carlos, and his younger brother Infante Manuel, Duke of Beja. Carlos I died immediately, while Dom Luís lived for another twenty minutes. Manuel survived the attack, having only been shot in the arm, while his mother Amelia was unharmed. Manuel would succeed Carlos as Manuel II. Some genealogists used to refer to Dom Luís as King Luís II. However, although he survived his father for twenty minutes, he cannot be considered a king because the Portuguese monarchy lacked the rule of automatic succession, meaning that the heirs apparent had always needed to be acclaimed by Parliament before legally becoming sovereigns.

Dom Luís is buried next to his father and forefathers in the Royal Pantheon of the Braganza Dynasty in Lisbon. His younger brother, Manuel II of Portugal, and his mother, Queen Amélie of Orléans, are buried opposite.

On 5 October 1910, the monarchy under the reign of his surviving younger brother, Manuel II, was overthrown in a military coup and the Portuguese First Republic was established. That would have been very difficult to do at the time if Luís Filipe had not died, as he inherited his father's greater popularity among Portuguese Army officers, who despised the lack of military sensibility of his younger brother.

Royal styles of The Prince Royal of Portugal
Reference style	His Royal Highness
Spoken style	Your Royal Highness
Alternative style	Sire

Titles and styles

• 21 March 1887 – 19 October 1889: His Royal Highness The Prince of Beira, Duke of Barcelos
• 19 October 1889 – 1 February 1908: His Royal Highness The Prince Royal of Portugal, Duke of Braganza

Arms

Prince Luis Felipe bore as heir to the throne the arms of his father; differenced by a Label of three points Or.

Ancestry

v t e Dukes of Braganza Feudal Dukes Afonso I Fernando I Fernando II Jaime I Teodósio I João I Teodósio II João II Heir to the Throne Teodósio III Afonso II João III José I Maria I José II João IV Pedro I Miguel I Maria II Pedro II Carlos I Luís I Claimant to the Throne Miguel Duarte Nuno Duarte Pio

v t e House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Founded by Ferdinand II of Portugal and Maria II of Portugal 1st generation Pedro V  · Luís I  · Maria  · João  · Maria Ana  · Antónia  · Ferdinand  · Augusto  · Leopoldo  · Maria da Glória  · Eugénio 2nd generation Carlos I  · Afonso 3rd generation Luís Filipe  · Maria Ana  · Manuel II