Any of a group of enzymes that catalyze the formation of double bonds by removing chemical groups from a substrate without hydrolysis or catalyze the addition of chemical groups to double bonds.
[Greek lūein, to loosen + -ASE.]
lyase
Dictionary:
ly·ase (lī'ās')  |
n.
Any of a group of enzymes that catalyze the formation of double bonds by removing chemical groups from a substrate without hydrolysis or catalyze the addition of chemical groups to double bonds.
Any of a group of enzymes that catalyze the formation of double bonds by removing chemical groups from a substrate without hydrolysis or catalyze the addition of chemical groups to double bonds.
| 5min Related Video: lyase |
| Medical Dictionary: ly·ase |
(lī'ās')
n.
n.
Any of a group of enzymes that catalyze the formation of double bonds by removing chemical groups from a substrate without hydrolysis or catalyze the addition of chemical groups to double bonds.
| Veterinary Dictionary: lyase |
Any of a class of enzymes that remove groups from their substrates (other than by hydrolysis), leaving double bonds, or that conversely add groups to double bonds.
| Wikipedia: Lyase |
In biochemistry, a lyase is an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structure. For example, an enzyme that catalyzed this reaction would be a lyase:
Lyases differ from other enzymes in that they only require one substrate for the reaction in one direction, but two substrates for the reverse reaction.
Contents |
Nomenclature
Systematic names are formed as "substrate group lyase." Common names include decarboxylase, dehydratase, aldolase, etc. When the reverse reaction is more important, synthase may be used in the name.
Classification
Lyases are classified as EC 4 in the EC number classification of enzymes. Lyases can be further classified into seven subclasses:
- EC 4.1 includes lyases that cleave carbon-carbon bonds, such as decarboxylases (EC 4.1.1), aldehyde lyases (EC 4.1.2), oxo acid lyases(EC 4.1.3) and others (EC 4.1.99)
- EC 4.2 includes lyases that cleave carbon-oxygen bonds, such as dehydratases
- EC 4.3 includes lyases that cleave carbon-nitrogen bonds
- EC 4.4 includes lyases that cleave carbon-sulfur bonds
- EC 4.5 includes lyases that cleave carbon-halide bonds
- EC 4.6 includes lyases that cleave phosphorus-oxygen bonds, such as adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase
- EC 4.99 includes other lyases, such as ferrochelatase
See also
References
- EC 4 Introduction from the Department of Chemistry at Queen Mary, University of London
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Learn More
 | dehydratase |
| synthase |
| hyaluronidase (biochemistry) |
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Copyrights:
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 | Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Medical Dictionary. The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Read more |
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| Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved. Read more |
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| Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Lyase". Read more |
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Answer these
- Which enzyme is lyase?
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Mentioned in
- dehydratase
- synthase
- hyaluronidase (biochemistry)
- decarboxylase
