Lymphotoxin-alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LTA gene.[1][2]
Lymphotoxin alpha, a member of the tumor necrosis factor family, is a cytokine produced by lymphocytes. LTA is highly inducible, secreted, and exists as homotrimeric molecule. LTA forms heterotrimers with lymphotoxin-beta which anchors lymphotoxin-alpha to the cell surface. LTA mediates a large variety of inflammatory, immunostimulatory, and antiviral responses. LTA is also involved in the formation of secondary lymphoid organs during development and plays a role in apoptosis.[3]
Interactions
Lymphotoxin alpha has been shown to interact with LTB.[4][5][6]
See also
References
- ^ Nedwin GE, Naylor SL, Sakaguchi AY, Smith D, Jarrett-Nedwin J, Pennica D, Goeddel DV, Gray PW (Nov 1985). "Human lymphotoxin and tumor necrosis factor genes: structure, homology and chromosomal localization". Nucleic Acids Res 13 (17): 6361–73. PMID 2995927.
- ^ Aggarwal BB, Eessalu TE, Hass PE (Feb 1986). "Characterization of receptors for human tumour necrosis factor and their regulation by gamma-interferon". Nature 318 (6047): 665–7. PMID 3001529.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: LTA lymphotoxin alpha (TNF superfamily, member 1)". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4049.
- ^ Williams-Abbott, L; Walter B N, Cheung T C, Goh C R, Porter A G, Ware C F (Aug. 1997). "The lymphotoxin-alpha (LTalpha) subunit is essential for the assembly, but not for the receptor specificity, of the membrane-anchored LTalpha1beta2 heterotrimeric ligand". J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 272 (31): 19451–6. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 9235946.
- ^ Browning, J L; Sizing I D, Lawton P, Bourdon P R, Rennert P D, Majeau G R, Ambrose C M, Hession C, Miatkowski K, Griffiths D A, Ngam-ek A, Meier W, Benjamin C D, Hochman P S (Oct. 1997). "Characterization of lymphotoxin-alpha beta complexes on the surface of mouse lymphocytes". J. Immunol. (UNITED STATES) 159 (7): 3288–98. ISSN 0022-1767. PMID 9317127.
- ^ Browning, J L; Dougas I, Ngam-ek A, Bourdon P R, Ehrenfels B N, Miatkowski K, Zafari M, Yampaglia A M, Lawton P, Meier W (Jan. 1995). "Characterization of surface lymphotoxin forms. Use of specific monoclonal antibodies and soluble receptors". J. Immunol. (UNITED STATES) 154 (1): 33–46. ISSN 0022-1767. PMID 7995952.
Further reading
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1tnr: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE SOLUBLE HUMAN 55 KD TNF RECEPTOR-HUMAN TNF-BETA COMPLEX: IMPLICATIONS FOR TNF RECEPTOR ACTIVATION
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