Madan Mohan Malaviya (1861-1946) was an Indian politician, notable for his role in the freedom struggle and his espousal of Hindu nationalism. He was one of the founders of Scouting in India.[citation needed]
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Early life
Malaviya was born to an orthodox Hindu family at Allahabad on December 25, 1861. He founded one of India's oldest and most prestigious universities, Banaras Hindu University(B.H.U), at Varanasi.
Madan Mohan Malaviya was born in Allahabad on December 25, 1861. His ancestors were known for their Sanskrit scholarship. Madan Mohan's education began at the age of five when he was sent to Pandit Hardeva's Dharma Gyanopadesh Pathshala. Mohan who was a diligent boy, matriculated in 1879 and joined the Muir Central College and finally graduated from the Calcutta University in 1884. He was Scouting for native Indians was started by Justice Vivian Bose, Madan Mohan Malaviya, Pandit Hridayanath Kunzru, Annie Besant and George Arundale, in 1913.[citation needed]
He was founder editor of two nationalist weeklies called Hindustan (in Hindi) and The Indian Union (in English).[1] Malaviya was the president of the Indian National Congress in 1909 and in 1918. Like many of the contemporary leaders of Indian National Congress he was a Moderate.
He later established Banaras Hindu University, commonly known as BHU, a prominent institution of learning in India today.[2]
In 1928 he joined Lala Lajpat Rai, Jawaharlal Nehru and many others in protesting against the Simon Commission, which had been set up by the British to consider India's future. He represented India at the First Round Table Conference in 1931.
Malaviya popularised the famous slogan "Satyameva Jayate" (Truth alone will triumph).[3] He was a great educationist and a follower of The Bhagavad Gita - A great Karmayogi.
Social Work
He worked for the eradication of caste barrier in temples and other social barriers. He is believed to have undergone a Kayakalpa[citation needed]. Also, he organized a mass of 200 Dalit peoples, including the Hindu Dalit (Harijan) leader P. N. Rajbhoj to demand entry at the Kalaram Temple on a Rath Yatra day. All those who participated in this event took a dip in the Godavari River and chanted Hindu mantras.[4] Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya made massive efforts for the entry into any Hindu temple.[4]
Legacy
Malviya Nagar in Allahabad, Lucknow, Delhi, Bhopal and Jaipur are named after him. A postage stamp has been printed in India in his honour.[5] Malaviya National Institute of Technology (MNIT) at Jaipur is named after him. Madan Mohan Malviya Engineering College in Gorakhpur, UP is also named after him. He started ARATI at Haridwar to sacred Ganga river which is performed till date. This was inline with the Ganesha Festival started by Bal gangadhar Tilak in maharashtra to organize the masses.
References
- ^ A brief summary of Indian Warriors
- ^ "BANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY" (PDF). Indian Academy of Sciences. 2005-07-26. http://www.ias.ac.in/currsci/sep102005/899.pdf. Retrieved 2007-04-19.
- ^ "India's Freedom Struggle: Madan Mohan Malaviya" (PDF). Kamat's Potpourri. 2007-12-22. http://www.kamat.com/kalranga/freedom/malaviya.htm. Retrieved 2008-03-09.
- ^ a b Political Mobilization and Identity in Western India, 1934-47 By Shri Krishan
- ^ Indian stamp bearing Madan Mohan Malaviya's picture
External links
- B.H.U. home page
- Madan Mohan Malaviya Engineering College Gorakhpur
- Malaviya National Institute of Technology
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