| Madurese | ||
|---|---|---|
| Madhura, Basa Mathura | ||
| Spoken in | Island of Madura, Sapudi Islands, northern coastal area of eastern Java, Singapore | |
| Total speakers | 14 million (1995) | |
| Language family | Austronesian | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1 | None | |
| ISO 639-2 | mad | |
| ISO 639-3 | mad | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
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Madurese is a language of the Madurese people of Madura Island and eastern Java, Indonesia; it is also spoken on Kangean Islands and Sapudi Islands. The Kangean dialect may be a separate language. It was traditionally written in the Javanese script, but the Latin alphabet is now more commonly used. The number of speakers, though shrinking, is estimated to be 8-13 million.
Links between Bali-Sasak languages and Madurese are more evident with the "low" form (common form).
Phonology and morphology
Madurese has more consonants than its neighboring languages due to it having voiceless unaspirated, voiceless aspirated, and voiced sounds. Similar to Javanese, it has a contrast between dental and alveolar (even retroflex) stops[citation needed]. Nouns are not inflected in gender and are pluralized via reduplication. Its basic word order is SVO. Negation is expressed by putting a negative particle before the verb, adjective or noun phrase. As with other similar languages there are different negative particles for different kinds of negation.
Common words
- Man: lalake
- Woman: babine
- Yes: iya
- No: enja
- Water: aeng
- Sun: are
- Three: tello'
- I/me: sengko'
- You: be'en
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