Contreras (kōntrā'räs), village, central Mexico, near Mexico City, site of an important battle (Aug. 19-20, 1847) of the Mexican War. Gen. Winfield Scott, continuing his advance after the battle of Cerro Gordo, approached Mexico City. The Mexicans under General Santa Anna were drawn up for defense. Scott sent out a reconnaissance party under Gideon Pillow, who mistakenly ordered an attack that ended by isolating some of his advance troops. The situation seemed desperate, but brilliant night tactics, supported by reestablishment of communications by Robert E. Lee, prepared the way for a daybreak attack. Santa Anna was forced to retire to Chapultepec. Fierce fighting took place later on that same day at Churubusco, closer to Mexico City, where Mexican troops temporarily stemmed the U.S. advance.


Contreras

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Magdalena Contreras

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Location of Magdalena Contreras in the Federal District

La Magdalena Contreras is one of the 16 delegaciones (boroughs) into which Mexico's Federal District is divided. It had a 2010 census population of 239,086 inhabitants, and is the third-least populous of Mexico City's boroughs. It lies at an elevation of 2,365 m. above sea level.[1]

The 1847 Battle of Padierna (aka Battle of Contreras) was fought here. Many people believe that is why the borough is named "La Magdalena Contreras." It is believed to also be a very poor borough. The people there have up to about 18 square feet of green space and only about 55% keep going to school after the age of 15. The reason very few kids go to school after the age of 15 is they usually stay home and help their parents with any household work that is needed. This is a good example of spatial inequality.[2]

Climate

The lower elevations up to 2,900 masl have a mild climate with a median temperature around 15.5°C (60°F) and high rainfall averaging 959 mm (37.7 inches) annually. Higher regions, for instance Los Dinamos National Park, covered with pine-oak forests, between 2,900 and 3,500 meters are cooler and wetter, averaging near 13°C (55°F) and rainfall (which during rare winter wet days might fall as snow) reaches above 1,100 mm (45 in). At even higher elevations (around 3,700 meters) the weather is rather constantly cold, averaging only 8°C (46°F) and the greatest rainfall of the borough. The following chart explains the climate of Presa Anzaldo in the urbanized region of Magdalena Contreras, the lowest and warmest of it. The chart below is illustrative of the cooler higher portions, in this example at Monte Alegre.

Presa Anzaldo
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D
 
 
9
 
21
5
 
 
6
 
22
5
 
 
12
 
24
7
 
 
22
 
25
9
 
 
72
 
25
10
 
 
180
 
23
11
 
 
204
 
22
10
 
 
198
 
22
10
 
 
174
 
22
10
 
 
70
 
22
9
 
 
8
 
22
7
 
 
6
 
21
5
Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
Precipitation totals in mm
Source: [1]
Monte Alegre
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D
 
 
15
 
13
−2
 
 
12
 
14
−1
 
 
11
 
15
1
 
 
52
 
17
2
 
 
96
 
17
3
 
 
260
 
16
4
 
 
285
 
15
4
 
 
262
 
15
4
 
 
240
 
15
3
 
 
65
 
14
2
 
 
12
 
13
0
 
 
10
 
13
−1
Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
Precipitation totals in mm
Source: [2]

External links

References

  1. ^ 2010 census tables: INEGI
  2. ^ spatial inequality

Coordinates: 19°20′00″N 99°12′50″W / 19.3333333°N 99.21389°W / 19.3333333; -99.21389


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