Margherita Sarfatti

Margherita Sarfatti

Margherita Sarfatti (April 8, 1880, Venice — October 30, 1961, Cavallasca) was a Jewish Italian journalist, art critic, patron, collector, socialite, a prominent propaganda adviser of the National Fascist Party, and one of Benito Mussolini's mistresses.

Biography

Born Margherita Grassini, the daughter of a wealthy Jewish lawyer, she grew up in a palazzo situated at the Canale Grande in Venice and was educated by private tutors. However, she was soon attracted by socialist ideas and escaped her parents' home at age 18 by marrying Cesare Sarfatti, a lawyer from Padua many years her senior. In 1902 the couple moved to Milan.

In 1911 Margherita Sarfatti met, and started an affair with, Benito Mussolini. As a highly educated and intellectual woman, she played a significant role in the rise of fascism. Until 1938, when Mussolini bowed to German pressure and enacted an Italian version of the infamous Nuremberg laws, Fascist ideology was free of any elements of anti-Semitism, and the party's membership rolls were open to Jews^[1]. Probably in reaction to the changing circumstances in Italy Sarfatti left Italy in 1938 for Argentina and Uruguay; she worked as a journalist in Montevideo.^[2] After the war, in 1947, Sarfatti returned to her home country and once again became an influential force in Italian art.

Margherita Sarfatti in popular culture

Actress Susan Sarandon portrayed Sarfatti in the 1999 movie Cradle Will Rock which was written and directed by Sarandon's then longtime companion, Tim Robbins. Sarandon discussed her role, saying:

Margherita is someone who is a legitimate historical figure. She really existed. She really was Mussolini's mistress and was very involved in the cultural shaping of Italy's art movements. She was a patron of new painters in Italy. She came over to the United States to sell Mussolini to the American people, and she did that by using Hearst's column. She wrote a column, and that was how they prepared the United States people for the concept of entering the war on the side of Mussolini, I suppose. And also she was trying to fund the war.

And the complication of this was the fact that she was Jewish, and she in fact was facilitating her own crisis, which eventually would make her flee the country and live in Argentina, I believe, for a number of years before it was safe for her to go back. Whether or not she was just in complete denial or she really truly believed that there was a way to sleep with Mussolini and not be held accountable, I don't know. But she ended up in an awkward position. She was hobnobbing with all these rich American people. I think in the context of the film, she's somebody who has a job to do and because she loved art, she sometimes finds herself to be giving all this art away to people she feels don't really appreciate it.

Further reading

• Cannistraro, Philip, and Brian R. Sullivan. Il Duce's Other Woman: The Untold Story of Margherita Sarfatti, Mussolini's Jewish Mistress, 1993. ISBN 0-688-06299-7
• Urso, Simona. Margherita Sarfatti. Dal mito del Dux al mito americano, 2003. ISBN 88-317-8342-4
• Wieland, Karin. Die Geliebte des Duce. Das Leben der Margherita Sarfatti und die Erfindung des Faschismus, 2004. ISBN 3-446-20484-9
• Sarfatti,Margherita. The Life of Benito Mussolini, 1925; 2004. ISBN 1-4179-3962-1
• Gutman, Daniel. El amor judío de Mussolini, 2006. ISBN 987-603-017-5
• Liffran, Françoise. Margherita Sarfatti, L'égérie du duce, Biography, 2009. ISBN 978-2-02-098353-2

References

External links

• A caricature by David Levine
• Cradle Will Rock at the Internet Movie Database
• The Jewish mother of Fascism (pg. 1) by Saviona Mane in Haaretz
• The Jewish mother of Fascism (pg. 2) by Saviona Mane in Haaretz
• Mussolinis Femme-Fatale, New York Review of Books, July 15, 1993