Mary

Mary (1920), a musical comedy by Otto Harbach, Frank Mandel (book, lyrics), Louis A. Hirsch (music). [Knickerbocker Theatre, 220 perf.] Mary Howells (Janet Velie) is secretary to rich Mrs. Keene (Georgia Caine) and in love with Mrs. Keene's son Jack (Jack McGowan). But Jack seems totally unaware of Mary. He is determined to go West and build low‐priced, portable homes that young married couples can afford. He calls them “love nests.” However, while digging foundations he strikes oil instead. With his newfound wealth he returns home and realizes that he does, indeed, love Mary. Notable songs: The Love Nest; Mary; We'll Have a Wonderful Party. Although Mary's story was not one of rags‐to‐riches, playgoers and critics of the day lumped the show with Irene and Sally, and saw all three as initiating the vogue for such stories in musicals of the time, so that the era from 1921 to 1924 became known as “The Cinderella Era” on Broadway. The show's relatively short run was attributed to the number of road companies producer George M. Cohan sent out, one of which was playing before the main company opened in New York.

Mary, mother of Jesus of Nazareth, occupies a preeminent position in the theology and piety of the traditional Eastern and Western Churches.

Information about the life of Mary is extremely sparse (Matthew 1 and 2; Luke 1 and 2). It is clear that for Matthew and Luke in their Gospels, Mary's conception of Jesus was miraculous, involving no human paternity, and that her son was the Messiah expected by Israel. Mary belonged to the house of David (Luke 1:26), was engaged to a man called Joseph (Matthew 1:18), and lived in Nazareth in lower Galilee (Luke 1:26). The Gospel relates how an angel of God announced that she, though a virgin, would conceive the son of the "Most High," to be named Jesus, and that he would found a new Davidic kingdom (Luke 1:31-33). Mary consented. Joseph discovered that Mary was with child and wished to dissolve the engagement quietly. In a dream, however, God's angel admonished him to marry Mary because the son she would bear was the result of a divine intervention (Matthew 1:19-21).

Before her marriage, Mary visited her cousin Elizabeth, the mother of John the Baptist, and on that occasion more prophetic utterances made quite clear that Mary's future son would be the fulfillment of Israel's hopes. No further personal details are given of Mary. Her silent presence at the birth of Jesus (Matthew 1:12-21; Luke 2:1-7) is recorded. When the child was presented at the Temple to be redeemed according to Jewish law, the aging Simeon told Mary that she would suffer much (Luke 2:21-35). Later, when Jesus at the age of 12 was lost for 3 days, his parents found him among the doctors of the law, and the first of Mary's two recorded statements appears: "My son, why have you acted so with us? Your father and I have looked for you in sorrow" (Luke 2:41-48). Luke adds: Mary kept all these happenings in her memory.

Mary appears again (John 2:1 ff) at a marriage in the town of Cana when her second recorded statement occurs: "They have no wine," she told Jesus. Jesus thereupon turned water into wine. She appears with the relatives of Jesus in an attempt to see him during his public life (Mark 3:3 ff) and at the foot of Jesus' cross when he entrusts her to the care of John the Apostle (John 19:26 ff). She is also mentioned briefly in the Acts of the Apostles (1:14).

The dates of Mary's life can only be surmised. Present researches place the birth of Jesus between 7 and 4 B.C. Granting Mary a minimal age of 16 to 18 years at the time of Jesus' birth, this would place her birth at sometime about 22-20 B.C. There is no precise information as to her death. In the later development of the Eastern and Western Churches, Mary was proclaimed the mother of God. Her position was further defined in the Roman Catholic Church, which in 1854 stated as an article of faith that she had been conceived without the original sin which affects all men. In 1950 Pius XII declared that at her death Mary's body had not corrupted in a grave but that God had taken her body and soul into heaven.

Further Reading

Most of the books written on this subject are either Roman Catholic devotional books, such as Juniper B. Carol, Mariology (1955), or Roman Catholic studies of theology. Nothing has been published concerning the archaeological excavations at Nazareth. For a view of Mary by a Protestant Church historian consult Giovanni Miegge, The Virgin Mary: The Roman Catholic Marian Doctrine (1950; trans. 1955).

1. Mother of Jesus. Mary was betrothed to Joseph (Matt 1:18; Luke 1:27; 2:5) when the angel Gabriel appeared to her and announced that she would bear a son, conceived by the Holy Spirit. Following the intervention of an angel of the Lord, Joseph nevertheless married her (Matt 1:20, 24). During her pregnancy she visited her relative Elizabeth, the future mother of John the Baptist, who lived in a village in Judah, traditionally identified as Ein Kerem near Jerusalem. It was on this occasion that she praised the Lord in a hymn (Luke 1:39-56) which has become part of church liturgy as the Magnificat.

After the birth of Jesus in Bethlehem (Luke 2:1-20), Joseph took his wife and child to Egypt to escape Herod's fury (Matt 2:14). After Herod's death, the family returned and settled in Nazareth in Galilee (Matt 2:22). According to Matthew (13:55) Mary had four other sons, as well as daughters (these are sometimes understood to be Jesus' cousins). She stood, together with two other Mary's (see Nos. 2 and 5 below) at the foot of the cross at the time of her son's crucifixion, and after his death she was taken into the home of "the disciple whom he loved" (John 19:25-27), usually assumed to be John. With her other sons and the disciples, Mary was among the people who gathered for prayer in Jerusalem after Jesus' ascension to heaven (Acts 1:14).

The apocryphal gospels (especially the Protevangelium of James) relate that Anna, "whose womb the Lord hath shut up", gave birth to Mary after Joachim her husband had fasted and prayed for 40 days and 40 nights in the wilderness. The veneration of Mary as the Virgin Mother of God was developed in these apocryphal writings as well as in the devotion of later Christians. See also VIRGIN BIRTH.

2. A woman from Magdala (present-day Migdal) in Galilee, who, having been set free from evil spirits (Luke 8:2), became a faithful follower of Jesus. She was present at the crucifixion, "looking on from afar" (Matt 27:56; Mark 15:40; John 19:25) and was one of the women watching when Jesus was laid in his grave (Matt 27:61; Mark 15:47). On the third day she and others went to anoint Jesus' body (Mark 16:1), but found the grave empty. An angel told them that he had risen from the dead. According to John, Jesus himself appeared to her, but she did not recognize him until he called her by her name (John 20:14ff). The disciples at first did not believe her story (Luke 24:11).

3. Sister of Martha and lazarus, who lived in Bethany, near Jerusalem (John 11:1). She was praised by Jesus for choosing "the best part" – sitting at his feet and listening to his words (Luke 10:42). When their brother Lazarus fell ill, Martha and Mary sent for Jesus (John 11:3). But Lazarus died before he came and Mary rebuked him: "If you had been here my brother would not have died" (John 11:32). After Lazarus was raised from the dead, Mary anointed Jesus' feet with myrrh and wiped them with her hair (John 12:1-8); however, the parallel story in Luke 7:37-38 seems to attribute the act to a different person.

4. Mother of John Mark. Peter came to her house after his miraculous escape from prison.

5. Mother of James and Joseph (Matt 27:56; Mark 15:40), called by Matthew "the other Mary" (Matt 27:61; 28:1). She had followed Jesus from Galilee, and watched from a distance, together with Mary, the mother of Jesus, and Mary of Magdala, when Jesus was crucified (Matt 27:55-56). She was also among the women who went to the grave to anoint his body (Mark 15:47; Luke 24:10). According to John (19:25) she was a sister of Mary, Jesus' mother, and the wife of Clopas.

6. A member of the Christian congregation in Rome "who labored much for us", to whom Paul sent his greetings.

Concordance
MARY 1: Matt 1:16, 18,20; 2:11; 13:55. Mark 6:3. Luke 1:27, 30, 34,38-39, 41, 46,56; 2:5, 16,19, 34. Acts 1:14
MARY 2: Matt 27:56,61; 28:1. Mark 15:40, 47; 16:1, 9. Luke 8:2; 24:10. John 19:25; 20:1, 11, 16,18
MARY 3: Luke 10:39,42. John 11:1-2, 19-20, 28,31-32, 45; 12:3
MARY 4: Acts 12:12
MARY 5: Matt 27:56,61; 28:1. Mark 15:40, 47; 16:1. Luke 24:10. John 19:25
MARY 6: Rom 16:6

Mary
Site of the Ancient city of Merv
Mary Location in Turkmenistan
Coordinates: 37°36′N 61°50′E / 37.6°N 61.833°E / 37.6; 61.833
Country	Turkmenistan
Province	Mary Province
Population (1989 census)[1]
- Total	92,290

Mary (pronounced Mur-ree) is a city of Turkmenistan, capital of the Mary Province. Former names include Merv, Meru and Margiana. In 1999 its population was 123,000^{[citation needed]} (up from 92,000 in the 1989 census).

Contents 1 Geography 2 History 2.1 Ancient city of Merv 2.2 Modern history 3 Economy 4 Sights 5 Notable people 6 Sister cities 7 References 8 External links

Geography

It is located at 37°36′N 61°50′E / 37.6°N 61.833°E / 37.6; 61.833Coordinates: 37°36′N 61°50′E / 37.6°N 61.833°E / 37.6; 61.833. The city is an oasis in the Karakum Desert, located on the Murghab river.

History

Ancient city of Merv

Main article: Merv

Merv was an oasis city on the Silk Road.

Modern history

Merv Oasis was occupied by Imperial Russia in 1884, triggering the Panjdeh Incident between Afghan forces and the Imperial Russian Army. The modern settlement was founded later that year as a Russian military and administrative post.

A force of the British Indian Army consisting of a machine gun detachment comprising 40 Punjabi troops and a British officer resisted the Bolsheviks near Merv in August 1918 in what was the first direct confrontation between British and Russian troops since the Crimea War.^[2]

It was developed by the Soviet Union as a center for cotton production through the use of extensive irrigation. In 1968, huge reserves of natural gas were discovered 20 kilometers west of the town.

Economy

Mary is Turkmenistan's fourth-largest city, and a large industrial centre, for the natural gas and cotton industries, the nation's two major export industries. It is a trade center for cotton, cereals, hides, and wool.

Sights

Mary has little to recommend it other than its interesting Regional Museum. However, it lies near the remains of the ancient city of Merv, which in corrupted form gives its name to the modern town. The main football team is Merw Mary who play at the Mary Stadium.

Notable people

• Akmammedov Myratgeldy -politician
• Khadyr Saparlyev-politician

Sister cities

• Istanbul, Turkey
• Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

References

1. ^ Population census 1989, Demoscope Weekly, No. 359-360, 1-18 January 2009 (search for Туркменская ССР) (Russian)
2. ^ On Secret Service East of Constantinople by Peter Hopkirk, John Murray, 1994

External links

• FallingRain Map - elevation = 227m (Red dots are railways)

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