Media of the Netherlands
Wikipedia on Answers.com:
Top
Media of the Netherlands
| Life in the Netherlands |
|---|
 |
|
Society
|
|
Government
|
The media in the Netherlands – television, radio, newspapers, magazines – are characterised by a tradition of "pillarisation" on the one hand and an increasing degree of commercialism on the other.
|
Contents
|
Television and radio
Main article: Television in the Netherlands
Television and radio are provided by a system of public-broadcasting organisations (sharing three television and five radio networks) together with a number of commercial channels.
Public-service broadcasting
The Netherlands Public Broadcasting arose from the former practice of pillarisation, in which the country's various religious and social groups all organised their own institutions, with financial help from the government. These institutions included broadcasting. Although the system of pillarisation largely collapsed in the 1970s, the broadcasting associations themselves have remained active. Most have several tens of thousands of members, and they are allocated broadcasting time on the public channels in proportion to the size of their memberships. In addition, a number of other broadcasting foundations, established by the government, receive air time.
The system is financed from three sources:
- grant-in-aid payments from the government, raised from general taxation;
- the income from on-air advertising, regulated by the Stichting Ether Reclame (STER), a public body;
- (a small proportion of the total) the dues paid by members of the broadcasting associations.
The broadcasting associations share three national television channels (Nederland 1, Nederland 2, Nederland 3) and five radio channels (Radio 1, Radio 2, 3FM, Radio 4, Radio 5). Each of these television channels have their own profile: thus Nederland 1 is oriented towards news, sport, and family programming, Nederland 2 towards culture, arts, politics, and religion, while Nederland 3 concentrates on youth and progressive programming.
There are also several provincial television channels, which are organised by the provinces
| Full name | Abbreviation | License | Orientation | Website |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Algemene Vereniging Radio Omroep | AVRO | Association A-level | liberal/neutral | avro.nl |
| Bart's Neverending Network | BNN | association B-level | youth | bnn.nl |
| Evangelische Omroep | EO | association A-level | orthodox Protestant | eo.nl |
| Katholieke Radio Omroep | KRO | association A-level | catholic | kro.nl |
| Nederlandse Christelijke Radio Vereniging | NCRV | association A-level | Protestant | ncrv.nl |
| Televisie Radio Omroep Stichting | TROS | association A-level | neutral/former commercial pirate | tros.nl |
| Vereniging van Arbeiders Radio Amateuren | VARA | association A-level | social-democratic | omroep.vara.nl |
| Vrijzinnig Protestantse Radio Omroep | VPRO | association A-level | liberal (formerly liberal Protestant) | vpro.nl |
| PowNed | Association C-level | rebellious/right wing (abbreviated of a controversial webblog) | powned.tv | |
| MAX | Association C-level | elderly | omroepmax.nl | |
| Nederlandse Omroep Stichting | NOS | foundation | news | nos.nl |
| NTR | foundation | neutral | ntr.nl | |
| Boeddhistische Omroep Stichting | BOS | foundation | Buddhist | buddhistmedia.com |
| Humanistische Omroep | HO | foundation | Humanist | humanistischeomroep.nl |
| Interkerkelijke Omroep Nederland | IKON | foundation | nine small Christian churches | omroep.nl/ikon |
| Joodse Omroep | JO | foundation | Jewish | joodseomroep.nl |
| Nederlandse Islamitische Omroep | NIO | foundation | Islamic (conservative) | nioweb.nl |
| Nederlandse Moslim Omroep | NMO | foundation | Islamic (progressive) | nmo.nl |
| Organisatie Hindoe Media | OHM | foundation | Hindu | ohmnet |
| Omrop Fryslân | OF | foundation | West Frisian language | omropfryslan.nl |
| Rooms-Katholiek Kerkgenootschap | RKK | foundation | catholic (conservative) | rkk.nl |
| Radio Volks Universiteit | RVU | foundation | neutral | rvu.nl |
| Zendtijd voor Politieke partijen | PP | foundation | political parties represented in the Dutch parliament | |
| WakkerNederland! | WNL | Association C-level | conservative/right wing (abbreviated of the tabloid newspaper 'de Telegraaf') | omroepwnl.nl |
| Zendtijd voor Kerken | ZvK | foundation | Church services | zvk.nl |
Commercial broadcasting
Commercial broadcasting was banned until the late 1980s. In the 1970s, before they were allowed to join the public television system, Veronica and TROS had broadcast as off-shore pirate stations. In the 1980s the RTL Group started broadcasting from Luxembourg. In 1988 commercial broadcasting was legalised. Currently there are seven larger channels owned by two companies. RTL owns RTL 4, RTL 5, RTL 7 and RTL 8, while the finish publisher Sanoma and dutch television production company Talpa (formally SBS Broadcasting Group and ProSiebenSat.1 Media) own SBS 6, NET 5 and Veronica. There are also other networks present, offering speciality channels. Among them are Discovery Communications, MTV Networks Europe and Time Warner Inc.
Newspapers
- For a full list of newspapers see List of newspapers in the Netherlands
All newspapers are privately owned. They were historically linked to the pillarisation system, with some titles having strong links to labour unions or political parties. These ties have all been severed now. Two companies play a large role: PCM Uitgevers, which owns several newspapers; and De Telegraaf, which owns De Telegraaf (the largest paper) and Sp!ts, a free newspaper.
The most important papers are the rightwing orientated De Telegraaf, the progressive liberal NRC Handelsblad, which also publishes nrc•next, the leftwing De Volkskrant and the Protestant Trouw.
Smaller Protestant communities have their own paper, like the Nederlands Dagblad and the Reformatorisch Dagblad. The business community has the Het Financieele Dagblad. A recent phenomenon are the widely read free newspapers Spits and the Metro. There are also several local and regional newspapers. The Algemeen Dagblad, the third largest paper, recently merged with several local papers to form a hybrid national-local paper.
Magazines
Magazines are also privately owned and historically connected to pillars: the main news magazines are the leftwing Vrij Nederland and De Groene Amsterdammer and the more rightwing Elsevier and HP/De Tijd.
Ca. 70 Dutch magazines have been sold to and are now published by the Finnish media group Sanoma. Apart from many typical Dutch ones like Margriet, Libelle and Nieuwe Revu these include a Disney magazine named after Donald Duck and the Dutch edition of Playboy.
|
||||||||||||||
This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)
Post a question - any question - to the WikiAnswers community:
Copyrights:
Wikipedia on Answers.com
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article Media of the Netherlands.
Read more