| Melicope | ||||||||||||||||||
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 Melicope clusiifolia
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About 150, see text |
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Pelea A.Gray |
Melicope is a genus of about 150 species of shrubs and trees in the family Rutaceae, occurring from the Hawaiian Islands across the Pacific to tropical Asia, Australia and New Zealand. The temperate Asian genus Tetradium (which sometimes include the tropical Euodia) is closely related to Melicope and is sometimes merged into it.[2]
In Australia they are known as doughwoods, or more ambiguously as "corkwoods" or "euodias", and in Hawaiʻi they are collectively called alani; the Maori term wharangi for Melicope ternata is a cognate of that. Generally, these plants are simply called melicopes or (after a formerly independent genus now included in Melicope[3]) peleas.
Several of the Hawaiian species are listed as federally endangered due to habitat loss and competition from invasive non-native plants. A few species are completely extinct already.
They are foodplants for various animals, mainly invertebrates. Caterpillars of the Ulysses Butterfly (Papilio ulysses) are fond of M. elleryana; on M. clusiifolia caterpillars of Thyrocopa moths have been found. The larvae of some belid weevils from the genus Proterhinus also feed on Melicope; they prefer unhealthy, dying or dead specimens. But the plants may not be safe for humans – the nectar at least of Wharangi is known to yield toxic honey that may kill whoever eats it[4].
Contents |
Selected species
Footnotes
- ^ "Melicope". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2008-03-21. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?7427. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
- ^ Hartley (2001)
- ^ Hartley & Stone (1989)
- ^ Espina-Prez & Ordetx-Ros (1983): p.35
- ^ "Mokihana". Native Hawaiian Plants. Kapiʻolani Community College. http://old.kcc.hawaii.edu/campus/tour/plants/pmokihana.htm. Retrieved 2009-03-07.
- ^ Little Jr., Elbert L.; Roger G. Skolmen (1989) (PDF). Alani, clusia-leaf pelea. United States Forest Service. http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/forestry/data/CommonTreesHI/CFT_Pelea_clusiifolia.pdf.
- ^ "ʻAlani". Native Hawaiian Plants. Kapiʻolani Community College. http://old.kcc.hawaii.edu/campus/tour/plants/palani.htm. Retrieved 2009-03-02.
References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Melicope |
- Espina-Prez, D. & Ordetx-Ros, G.S. (1983): Flora Apcola Tropical [in Spanish]. Editorial Tecnolgico de Costa Rica, Cartago, Costa Rica.
- Hartley, Thomas Gordon (2001): On the taxonomy and biogeography of Euodia and Melicope (Rutaceae). Allertonia 8(1): 1-328.
- Hartley, Thomas Gordon & Stone, Benjamin Clemens (1989): Reduction of Pelea with new combinations in Melicope (Rutaceae). Taxon 38(1): 119–123. First page image
External links
- "alani, alani kuahiwi". Hawaiian Ethnobotany Database. Bernice P. Bishop Museum. http://www2.bishopmuseum.org/ethnobotanydb/resultsdetailed.asp?search=alani.
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