North American Indian people who live mostly in northeastern Wisconsin, U.S., in a small portion of their traditional territory along the Menominee River at the present-day Wisconsin-Michigan border. Their language is a member of the
Algonquian language family. At the time of first contact, the Menominee lived in villages of dome-shaped houses and collected wild plants, fished, and hunted to obtain food. Originally organized into
clans, their social organization changed as a result of the fur trade, for which they scattered in mobile
bands. In 1852 the U.S. government moved most of the tribe to a reservation in Wisconsin. In 1961 the government terminated federal status for the tribe; federal recognition resumed in 1973. Population estimates indicated more than 9,500 individuals of Menominee descent in the early 21st century.
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