mineralization

(geology) The process of fossilization whereby inorganic materials replace the organic constituents of an organism. The introduction of minerals into a rock, resulting in a mineral deposit.

The bioprecipitation of an inorganic substance.

1. In soil science, the breakdown of organic residues by oxidation to form soluble or gaseous chemical compounds which may then take part in further soil processes or be utilized by plant life. Mineralization is an essential process in the formation of humus.

2. The fossilization of buried plant and animal matter as the organic parts are replaced by other minerals.