The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (文部科学省 Monbu-kagakushō), also known as MEXT or Monkashō, is one of the ministries of the Japanese government.
The Meiji government created the first Ministry of Education in 1871.[1]
The Japanese government centralizes education, and it is managed by a state bureaucracy that regulates almost every aspect of the education process. The School Education Law requires schools around the country to use textbooks that follow the curriculum guideline set by the ministry, though there are some exceptions.
In January 2001, the former Monbushō and the former Science and Technology Agency (科学技術庁 Kagaku-Gijutsuchō) merged to become the present MEXT.
MEXT is led by a minister, who is a member of the Cabinet and is chosen by the Prime Minister, typically from the members of the Diet. The post is currently held by Tatsuo Kawabata.
MEXT is one of three ministries that run the JET Programme. It also offers the prestigious Monbukagakusho Scholarship, also known as the MEXT or Monkashō scholarship.
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Romanization
The Ministry sets standards for the romanization of Japanese. Kunrei-shiki romanization is widely taught in Japanese primary schools, so it has been called the Monbushō system after the predecessor of MEXT.
Ministers of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
| Name | From | To | Cabinet |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nobutaka Machimura | January 6, 2001 | April 26, 2001 | Yoshiro Mori |
| Atshuko Tōyama | April 26, 2001 | September 22, 2003 | Junichiro Koizumi |
| Takeo Kawamura | September 22, 2003 | September 27, 2004 | Junichiro Koizumi |
| Nariaki Nakayama | September 27, 2004 | October 31, 2005 | Junichiro Koizumi |
| Kenji Kosaka | October 31, 2005 | September 26, 2006 | Junichiro Koizumi |
| Bunmei Ibuki | September 26, 2006 | September 26, 2007 | Shinzo Abe |
| Kisaburo Tokai | September 26, 2007 | August 2, 2008 | Yasuo Fukuda |
| Tsuneo Suzuki | August 2, 2008 | September 24, 2008 | Yasuo Fukuda |
| Ryū Shionoya | September 24, 2008 | September 16, 2009 | Taro Aso |
| Tatsuo Kawabata | September 16, 2009 | Yukio Hatoyama |
References
- ^ Reischauer, Edwin O. and Jansen, Marius B. (2005), The Japanese Today, p.187, Tuttle Publishing: Tokyo.
External links
- MEXT: Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Official website, in English)
- MEXT: Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Official website, in Japanese)
- Press release on Legislation of "the National University Corporation Law"
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Coordinates: 35°40′48″N 139°45′47″E / 35.680°N 139.763°E
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