IN BRIEF: n. - The monotheistic religious system of Muslims founded in Arabia in the 7th century and based on the teachings of the Arab prophet as laid down in the Koran.

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The noun has 2 meanings:

Meaning #1: Muslims collectively and their civilization; based on a monotheistic religion believing that Mohammed was the last major prophet of God
  Synonyms: Islam, Islamism, Muslimism, Mohammadanism

Meaning #2: the monotheistic religion of Muslims based on the Koran
  Synonyms: Islam, Islamism, Muhammadanism, Muslimism

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