Mortuary temples (or memorial temples) were temples constructed adjacent to, or in the vicinity of, royal tombs in the Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom periods of Ancient Egypt. The temples were designed to commemorate the reign of the pharaoh by whom they were built, as well as for use by the pharaoh's cult after death. The most famous mortuary temples, are Djeser-Djeseru constructed by Hatshepsut, the Ramesseum commissioned by Ramesses II, and the mortuary temple of Mentuhotep II, alongside Hatshepsut's at Deir el-Bahri. Mortuary temples are also generally seen outside pyramids, such as the two that were built for Khufu (Cheops) outside the Great Pyramid of Giza.
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