Mueang (Thai: เมือง), Muang (Lao ເມືອງ), Mường (Vietnamese: ) or Mong (Shan) were semi-independent city-states or principalities in present-day Thailand, Laos and the Shan State of Myanmar. The smaller of the Mueang were subordinate of more powerful neighboring Mueang, which in turn were subordinate to the central king. These powerful Mueang, sometimes called kingdom, also occasionally tried to liberate themselves from their suzerain and enjoyed times of independence.
In Siam these city-states were converted into the present-day provinces (changwat) during the thesaphiban reforms of Prince Damrong Rajanubhab. The term Mueang was formally exchanged with Changwat in 1916.[1] The word Mueang still can be found as the term for the capital districts of the provinces (amphoe mueang), as well as for a municipal status equivalent to town (thesaban mueang). A few districts also contain Mueang as part of their name, such as Pattaya. Also, Thailand is colloquially known as Mueang Thai.
In Laos, the provinces are now subdivided into Muang, commonly translated as districts. Also, Laos is colloquially known as Mueng Lao.
References
- ^ "ประกาศกระทรวงมหาดไทย เรื่อง ทรงพระกรุณาโปรดเกล้า ฯ ให้เปลี่ยนคำว่าเมืองเรียกว่าจังหวัด" (in Thai). Royal Gazette 33 (0 ก): 51. May 28 1916. http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2459/A/51.PDF.
See also
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