| Muhamad Salih Dilan | |
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| Born | 1927 Slemani, Kurdistan |
| Died | 1990-10-28 Slemani, Kurdistan |
| Pen name | Dilan |
| Occupation | Poet, Maqam Singer |
| Nationality | Kurdish |
Dilan (in Kurdish: محهمهد ساڵح دیلان) is regarded as one of the most influential Kurdish Poets and one of the greatest Maqam Singers in History. He was one of the few Poets that brought a revolution in Kurdish Poetry and Literature in the 20th Century.
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Biography
Dilan was born in Goizha, a neighborhood in Slemani. His family were from Qala Chuwalan but along with the Kurdish Principality of Baban, they settled in Slemani in 1784. His Father, Ahmed Dilan was a Poetry Enthusiast and a Maqam specialist, apart from Kurdish he was fluent in Persian and Arabic, he played a key role in his son's love for Poetry and Maqam. Dilan went to Xalidiye Primary School but just before completing secondary School, his father became ill, family responsibilities fell on his shoulder and had no choice but to leave school and work. He was offered a job at the local Tobacco Company as a Clerk.
The Poet
The First Poem Dilan wrote was in 1948, once at a Festival, he recited the poem to the Famous Kurdish Nationalist Poet Faiq Bekas:
منم به دهستی چهرخهوه وا گێژ ئهخۆم و ئهڕۆم
منم که بوومه خوێنهخۆرو خوێنی خۆم ئهخۆم
منم له بهحری خهیاڵاتی بێ ووچانی ماتهما
ههر پهل ئهگێڕم، نه کهڵک و نه سوودو عیلاجه بۆم
زامداره بولبول، له دهوری گوڵ ئهکا ڕهقس و سهما
به کهیلی ئهشکی سروشک و ئهسهف، دهست و چاو ئهشۆم
Minem be destî çerxewe wa gêj exom u erom
Minem ke bume xwênexoru xwênî xom exom
Minem le behrî xeyalatî bê wiçanî matema
Her Pel egêrim, ne kelku ne sudu elace bom
Zamdare Bulbul, le dewrî gul eka reqis u sema
Be keylî eshkî srushk u esef, dest u çaw eshom
Surprised, Bekas asked him "who wrote that Poem?", "I wrote it" Dilan replied, Bekas could not believe a 21-year-old could write a poem of such depth in meaning and strict lyricality, "I don't believe you".
Newroz
In 1948, Dilan and his brother, Qadir Dilan, a musician, came across Piramerd in Mewlewi Street, the ageing Philosopher took out his Cigarette Packet and wrote a poem on it before handing it over to them, he then asked if they could write a melody for the poem and if Dilan himself could sing it when Newroz arrives. It didn't take long before Qadir Dilan wrote the timeless Newroz melody with Dilan being the first Artist to sing it on March 21, 1948. Today all over the cities of Kurdistan the song is played when Newroz arrives on March 21.
| Newroz by Dilan in the 1970s | |
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| Newroz by Dilan in 1948 | |
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In Prison
From 1947 to 1966 Dilan was arrested, tortured and imprisoned for 13 years for his involvement in Kurdish Independence demanding movements and at times for his Art, many of his poems are written in prison, in 1963 for writing "Rez" (In Kurdish: ڕهز, In English: Vineyard), he was sent to prison for one year:
ئای کێ بێ بانگ و هاوارو پهیام
بگهیهنێته گوێ گۆڕی خهیام
بڵێ: ههی سهرشێت، کووشتهی گڕی تهڕ
گهر تێتا ماوه یهک تۆز نرخ و فهڕ
تۆ لهسهر باکهی شووشهکهی شکان
لهگهڵ خودادا کردت به زۆران
ههڵسه بهرهو ئهم ناوه ههڵتووتێ
نهک شووشه شکا، وا ڕهز ئهسووتێ
سروشت به پێچه خوارو چهپ گهرده
له جێیه ئاو، بێ ڕهقهن و بهرده
له جێیه زهوی نهرم و ههڵۆڵ بێ
ئهبێ خوڕهی ئاو تۆزی دههۆڵ بێ
ئهگینا شهراب له مامۆستای ماف
بۆ ئهگهیشته ئهوپهڕ قولهی قاف
قاتی شهرابه گیانی ئیفڵاتوون
سهر دهرکه ههتا نهبووی به مهیموون
بهرهو مهڵبهنی کوردستان ڕهوتێ
نهک کووپه شکا، وا ڕهز ئهسووتێ
Ay kê bê bang u hawar u peyam
Bigeyenête gwê gorî Khayyám
Bilê: hey serşêt, kuştey giry ter
Ger têta mawe yek toz nirxu fer
To leser bakey şuşekey şikan
Legel xudada kirdit be zoran
Helse berew em nawe heltutê
Nek şuşe şika, wa rez esutê
Siruşt be pêçe xwar u çep gerde
Le cêye aw, bê reqen u berde
Le cêye zewî nerm u helol bê
Ebê xureî aw tozî dehol bê
Egina şerab le mamostaî maf
Bo egeyşhte ewper quleî qaf
Qatî şerabe giyanî eflatoon
Ser derke heta nebuî be meymoon
Berew melbenî Kurdistan rewtê
Nek kupe şika, wa rez esutê
Here he recalls two events, Omar Kayyam's famous poem when the wind brakes his wine glass and Kayyam blames God for it, the other being Plato's hiding in the wine Vessels, Dilan compares them with the burnings of the villages and the Vineyards in the early 1960s by the Iraqi Government. The poem is a comparison between three events yet the only connection between them is grape, Kayyam drinking wine, Plato thinking inside the Wine Vessel and the Vineyards burning in Kurdistan but the Poem's deep meaning and contrast shows why it's considered as a masterpiece of Kurdish Poetry.
Diwan of Dilan
Dilan's close friend Abdulla Agreen took on the task of collecting his poems and publishing a Diwan under the name "Diwani Dilan". The Book was published in 1987.
Death
On 28 September 1990, Dilan died at the age of 63 and was buried at the Seywan cemetery in his hometown. On his Gravestone:
له سهر کێلم به بۆیهی سور بنووسن خۆشهویستانم
له ناو گۆڕا له ژێر خاکا له ڕیزی دهست له دهستانم
به پهیمانێ که من دابووم به کوردو خاکی کوردستان
به نهعرهی ڕاپهڕین شهرته که بانگ کا من له ههستانم
See also
References
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