Muhammad's views on Christians

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Muhammad's views on Christians were demonstrated through his interactions with them. He interacted with Christians while in Mecca, received a delegation while in Medina and sent a force to fight the Byzantines at the Battle of Mu'tah.

Pre-Islamic

At the age of nine, Muhammad went to Syria with his uncle and had interactions with Christians. One important contact was with the Nestorian monk Bahira in Bosra, modern Syria who foretold to the adolescent Muhammad his future prophetic career.^[1]

Waraqah ibn Nawfal was a Nestorian monk,^[2] Mecca's priest or preacher according to some sources.

Meccan period

Waraqah is said to have believed in Muhammad as a prophet, but died as a Christian. After the early Sahaba ("Companions") faced intense persecution, Muhammad sent 90 of his followers to Abyssinia. There the Muslims were received by the Christian king Aṣḥama ibn Abjar.

Medinian period

In 630 AD Muhammad received a Christian delegation from Najran in Medina. Debate with Christians ensued some days. Finally the Christians asked Muhammad for peace and he accepted. Muhammad extended the hand of friendship towards them, a treaty was signed and both parties left on friendly terms.

Another Christian delegation this time from Iraq by Jesujab II was heading to Medina but Muhammad died before it arrived.^[3]

Byzantines

According to traditional Islamic sources, in 628 Muhammad sent a letter to Heraclius inviting him to Islam. The Byzantine emperor received it while on a pilgrimage in Jerusalem and called upon a person who belonged to Muhammad's tribe Quraysh. According to Sunni tradition, Abu Sufyan ibn Harb came forward and a discussion between them took place.^[4] At the end of the discussion the emperor said,

If what you say should be true, he will very soon occupy the earth under my feet, and if I knew that I would reach him definitely, I would go immediately to meet Him; and were I with him, then I would certainly wash his feet.^[5]

In 629 according to tradition, Muhammad sent a force of 3,000 men to fight 100,000 Byzantines near Al Karak. The Battle of Mu'tah ended when both sides retreated.

See also

• Christianity and Islam

Notes

1. ^ Haykal, The Life of Muhammad, American Trust Publications, p.54
2. ^ Al-Jibouri (2007)
3. ^ Bat Yeʼor,Miriam Kochan‏ Islam and Dhimmitude: where civilizations collide p.39
4. ^ Siddiqui (2007)
5. ^ Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:52:191

References

• Al-Jibouri, Yasin T. Khadija Daughter of Khuwaylid, (accessed January 8, 2007)
• Siddiqui, Muzammil. Prophet Muhammad as a Political Leader (accessed January 8, 2007)