multiplication table: Definition from Answers.com

"Times table" redirects here. For a table of departure and arrival times, see Timetable.

In mathematics, a multiplication table (sometimes, less formally, a times table) is a mathematical table used to define a multiplication operation for an algebraic system.

The decimal multiplication table was traditionally taught as an essential part of elementary arithmetic around the world, as it lays the foundation for arithmetic operations with our base-ten numbers. Many educators believe it is necessary to memorize the table up to 9 × 9. In countries using the Imperial system of measurement, such as the United States, it is often considered helpful to memorize the table up to 12 × 12.

The times tables were invented by the Chinese.^{[citation needed]}

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12	12	24	36	48	60	72	84	96	108	120	132	144	156	168	180	192	204	216	228	240
13	13	26	39	52	65	78	91	104	117	130	143	156	169	182	195	208	221	234	247	260
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18	18	36	54	72	90	108	126	144	162	180	198	216	234	252	270	288	306	324	342	360
19	19	38	57	76	95	114	133	152	171	190	209	228	247	266	285	304	323	342	361	380
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1 In abstract algebra
2 Standards-based mathematics reform in the USA
3 See also
4 External links

In abstract algebra

Multiplication tables can also define binary operations on groups, fields, rings, and other algebraic systems. In such contexts they can be called Cayley tables. For an example, see octonion.

Standards-based mathematics reform in the USA

In 1989, the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) developed new standards which were based on the belief that all students should learn higher-order thinking skills, and which recommended reduced emphasis on the teaching of traditional methods that relied on rote memorization, such as multiplication tables. Widely adopted texts such as Investigations in Numbers, Data, and Space (widely known as TERC after its producer, Technical Education Research Centers) omitted aids such as multiplication tables in early editions. It is thought by many^[who?] that electronic calculators have made it unnecessary or counter-productive to invest time in memorizing the multiplication table. NCTM made it clear in their 2006 Focal Points that basic mathematics facts must be learned, though there is no consensus on whether rote memorization is the best method.

External links

Math Wizard of Verona - Times tables, Addition, Subtraction Educational Software
MyMathMind - Times tables and Addition game
Times tables games
Learning the multiplication while playing domino in a browser
Multiplication Tables and Maths Teaching Resources
Underwater Times Tables
Knitted wall-hanging Original now in the Mathematics Collection of the London Science Museum.
Drawing Stories for learning times tables Example of using visual images as a mnemonic memory technique for times tables
Visuteach free multiplication table practice tests

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		Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Read more
		Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Multiplication table". Read more

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multiplication table

Contents

In abstract algebra

Standards-based mathematics reform in the USA

See also

External links

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