MUME
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Mume (Smoked Plum or Wumei)
It is the dried unripe fruit of Prunus mume (Sieb.) Sieb. et Zucc., a deciduous tree up to 10 m high, also known as Japanese apricot (Family Rosaceae). The green, about-to-ripen fruit is collected in May and oven-dried at ca. 40°C for 2–3 days followed by leaving in the closed oven for 2–3 more days until it turns black. Produced mostly in southern provinces, especially Sichuan, which is the largest producer; Zhejiang produces the best wumei that is large and jet black, with thick meat and small pit, and tastes sour (zhu).
Its earliest record dates back to the Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing (ca. 200 BC–AD 100). Traditionally regarded as sour tasting, astringent, neutral, and to promote secretion of body fluids as well as expel parasites; used to treat chronic cough, chronic diarrhea, diabetes, ascariasis (roundworm infection) and hookworm infection, neurodermatitis, eczema, and hard-to-heal sores, among other conditions (chp; imm-3; jiangsu). In recent years, often used as an ingredient with other detoxicant herbs (e.g., schisandra, licorice, and fangfeng) both internally and externally in the treatment of allergic conditions such as asthma, urticaria, allergic rhinitis, and pruritus; also to treat polyps, tumors, and capillary hemangioma (zhou and wang). It is also boiled in water and sweetened with sugar to make suan mei tang (sour plum decoction), a refreshing drink very popular in southern China and Taiwan.
Wumei contains various plant acids, especially citric acid (19%) and malic acid (15%); oleanolic acid; β-sitosterol; amino acids; carbohydrates; wax; and others (hu; jiangsu). Seed contains amygdalin (see
Decoctions and alcoholic extracts of wumei have exhibited marked in vitro antibacterial effects against numerous bacteria (both Gram-positive and Gram-negative); and its decoction strongly active against pathogenic fungi in vitro. Its alcoholic extract also exhibited strong antihistaminic effects on isolated guinea pig trachea; and acetone-soluble extractives were strongly active against aflatoxin B1 mutagenesis. Oleanolic acid has been reported to have various biological activities, including antiallergic (see
Extracts (water and hydroalcoholic) are used in antiallergic ointments and in skin creams and lotions for their antimicrobial and antiallergic effects; also used in hair care products for their traditional hair darkening and growth-stimulating properties.
| Monosodium Glutamate | |
| Musk |
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| MUME | |
|---|---|
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| Developer(s) | Philippe "Eru" Rochat, Claude "CryHavoc" Indermitte, Pier "Manwë" Donini, David "Nada" Gay, Gustav "Dáin" Hållberg, project community |
| Engine | DikuMUD |
| Platform(s) | Platform independent |
| Release date(s) | 1992 |
| Genre(s) | Middle-earth MUD |
| Mode(s) | Multiplayer |
| Media/distribution | Online |
| System requirements
Telnet client or MUD client, Internet access |
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MUME, Multi-Users in Middle-Earth,[1] is a MUD, one of the early offspring of DikuMUD, founded in 1992.[2] MUME enjoys a measure of popularity in the MUD world.[3] In a September 2000 interview Raph Koster, the lead designer of Ultima Online and the chief creative officer of EverQuest II, lists MUME as one of the games that influenced him as a game designer by "doing such interesting things with player conflict".[4]
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History
MUME was created in 1991 by Philippe "Eru" Rochat, who was soon joined by Claude "CryHavoc" Indermitte, Pier "Manwë" Donini, and David "Nada" Gay. The game was built as an homage to J. R. R. Tolkien's world as described in The Lord of the Rings.[1] MUME has since released several new versions, incorporating new changes and areas that recreate Tolkien's world in text format.
In April 1998, MUME was named MUD of the Month at The Mud Connector.[5]
MUME is included in The Historical DikuMUD List hosted on the official DikuMUD web site, marking it as one of the longest-running DikuMUDs.[6][7]
Context
The setting of this MUD is in the Third Age, before the War of the Ring.[8] Players characters may belong to any of several races of Men (including Dúnedain, shape-shifting Beornings and Black Númenóreans), or be Dwarves, Hobbits, Elves, Half-Elves, Orcs or Trolls.
MUME maintains a player-killing aspect by allowing the players of evil characters to battle the players of good characters, but restricts other player-killing, promoting a balance of player versus player conflict with non-lethal role-playing.
Specifics
Locations
MUME includes numerous locations based on Tolkien's works:
- Grey Havens: An elven city on the west shores of Middle-earth
- Blue Mountains: A dwarven city in the western mountains, far away from the war.
- Shire: A peaceful area of hobbits, where magic and warfare are not tolerated.
- Bree: A central city where all races can meet, trade, and rest during their journeys.
- Fangorn: The domain of the immensely tall and giantlike, treeish Ents.
- Fornost: A half-ruined Númenórean city on the northern borders where spirits still roam.
- Tharbad: A city of scoundrels and thieves, where Black Númenóreans often lurk.
- Rivendell: An elven city of magic, safe from the surrounding dangers.
- Moria: A deep dark pit of secrets, traps, and a fearsome balrog.
- Warrens: The home of trolls, it is a series of tunnels northwest of Rivendell.
- Orc caves: Both races of orcs have guarded caves nestled within the Misty Mountains.
- Mirkwood: A dark and misty forest where it is easy to become trapped.
- Lothlórien: An elven forest protected by archers and elves.
- Rohan: An area that is home to Isengard, the Rohirrim, and the Fangorn forest.
The Race War
In MUME, players can join several factions in the on-going war between good and evil:
- Armies of the West: Men, Elves, Hobbits, Dwarves, and Beornings.
- Armies of Sauron: Trolls, Black Númenóreans, and (Tarkhnarb) Orcs.
- The Renegade Zaugurz, a splinter tribe of orcs hated by both sides.
This factionalization promotes camaraderie between those on the same side. Player killing is generally restricted to fighting those of the opposite side, and players not desiring this style of play can usually find areas safe from the war. (Though nothing is guaranteed — players occasionally band together to form raids that invade enemy lands.)
The Race War aspect has spawned many fansites for MUME, where text logs of combat between the sides is uploaded and shared with others, to be commented on and rated. This can bring about long-standing player involvement, with those who have stopped playing sometimes continuing to read logs on popular fansites.
Role Playing
Role-playing is encouraged on this MUD in a number of ways.[1] New players are encouraged to select a character name which fits into Tolkien's world, and if the name they choose is blatantly inappropriate, they will be forced to change it. Different towns have different local laws which characters will be jailed for violating; for example, using magic is a crime in the Shire unless you are a citizen. Many "Istari" (immortal characters who gain experience by helping newbies) and "Rangers" (experienced characters who still play the game as mortals but have also volunteered to help) encourage newbies to roleplay, some going as far as to discourage use of the global chat command "narrate" because it is unrealistic.
Publications
MUME makes the standalone version of its building and scripting language, Mudlle, publicly available.[9] Mudlle was created by David "Nada" Gay and developed by him and Gustav "Dáin" Hållberg.
Technical details
MUME is based on DikuMUD.[1] The core of MUME is written in C, while the mudlib (global critical code, such as game commands, justice system support and shop functionality) and game world (code for specific rooms, mobiles, and objects) are written in Mudlle.
References
- ^ a b c d Maloni, Kelly; Baker, Derek; Wice, Nathaniel (1994). Net Games. Random House / Michael Wolff & Company, Inc.. p. 79. ISBN 0-679-75592-6. "MUME IV Multi-Users in Middle Earth, or MUME, simulates Tolkien's world of Middle Earth. [...] Role-playing is encouraged, but this is primarily an adventure and combat MUD. [...] Server: Diku"
- ^ "The Last Outpost". Archived from the original on 2007-12-30. http://web.archive.org/web/20071230022957/http://www.last-outpost.com/LO/historicallist.html. Retrieved 2010-04-06. "MUME (1992)"
- ^ Nayar, Pramad K. (2010). An Introduction to New Media and Cybercultures. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 143. ISBN 1-4051-8166-4. "It is therefore interesting to see the online spaces of MUDs being created along the lines of fictional worlds in novels. Popular examples include the online game Discworld MUD, based on Terry Pratchett's fiction (discworld.atuin.net/lpc/), or MUME (Multi-Users in Middle Earth, (www.lordotrings.com/artmedia/mume.asp) and LOTRO (Lord of the Rings Online, lotro.turbine.com/), based on J. R. R. Tolkien's Lord of the Rings."
- ^ Aihoshi, Richard. "Raph Koster Interview". VaultNetwork. IGN Entertainment. Archived from the original on 2000-10-17. http://web.archive.org/web/20001017135100/rpgvault.ign.com/features/interviews/rkoster.shtml. Retrieved 2010-04-06.
- ^ "April '98 Mud of the Month". The Mud Connector. 1998-04. http://www.mudconnect.com/motm/motm-0498.html. Retrieved 2010-04-06.
- ^ Herlihy, Jay (2003-04-25). "The Oldest DikuMuds". dikumud.com. http://www.dikumud.com/Family/Oldest.aspx. Retrieved 2010-08-02.
- ^ Herlihy, Jay (1998-10-09). "The Historical DikuMUD List". rec.games.mud.diku. http://groups.google.com/group/rec.games.mud.diku/msg/1857510e4206e492. Retrieved 2010-08-02.
- ^ Greenman, Ben; Maloni, Kelly; Cohn, Deborah; Spivey, Donna (1996). Net Games 2. Michael Wolff & Company, Inc.. p. 247. ISBN 0-679-77034-8. "MUME [...] The action takes place in the late Third Age, before The Hobbit and after the loss of the One Ring by Sauron. The key of Erebor was just found by Gandalf and all the epic tales narrated in The Lord of the Rings may take place."
- ^ "Mudlle download site". http://mume.org/Download/. Retrieved 2010-04-07.
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Leung's Encyclopedia of Natural Ingredients
Leung's Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics Copyright © 2010 by Wiley-Blackwell. Wiley and the Wiley logo are registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the United States and other countries. Used here by license. Read more
