A myoelectric prosthesis uses EMG signals or potentials from voluntarily contracted muscles within a person's residual limb on the surface of the skin to control the movements of the prosthesis, such as elbow flexion/extension, wrist supination/pronation (rotation) or hand opening/closing of the fingers. A prosthesis of this type utilizes the residual neuro-muscular system of the human body to control the functions of an electric powered prosthetic hand, wrist or elbow. This is as opposed to an electric switch prosthesis, which requires straps and/or cables actuated by body movements to actuate or operate switches that control the movements of a prosthesis or one that is totally mechanical. It is not clear whether those few prostheses that provide feedback signals to those muscles are also myoelectric in nature. It has a self suspending socket with pick up electrodes placed over flexors and extensors for the movement of flexion and extension respectively.
Early History
The first commercial myoelectric arm was developed in 1964 by the Central Prosthetic Research Institute of the USSR, and distributed by the Hangar Limb Factory of the UK.[1][2]
References
- ^ Sherman, E. David (1964). "A Russian Bioeleciric-Controlled Prosthesis: Report of a Research Team from the Rehabilitation Institute of Montreal". Canadian Medical Association Journal 91 (24): 1268–1270. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?artid=1927453&blobtype=pdf. Retrieved 2009-05-05.
- ^ Muzumdar, Ashok (2004). Powered Upper Limb Prostheses: Control, Implementation and Clinical Application. Springer. ISBN 9783540404064.
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