Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Email
Answers.com

nalidixic acid

 
Dictionary: na·li·dix·ic acid   (nā'lĭ-dĭk'sĭk) pronunciation
Home > Library > Literature & Language > Dictionary
n.
A compound, C12H12N2O3, used to treat infections of the genital and urinary tracts caused by gram-negative bacteria.

[Shortening and alteration of naphthyridine and carboxylic acid, elements of one of its chemical names.]


Search unanswered questions...

Enter a question here...
Search: All sources Community Q&A Reference topics

Dental Dictionary: nalidixic acid
Top
Home > Library > Health > Dental Dictionary

n

An antibacterial prescribed in the treatment of urinary tract infections.

Veterinary Dictionary: nalidixic acid
Top
Home > Library > Animal Life > Veterinary Dictionary

A naphthylidine derivative that inhibits DNA synthesis. Used for the treatment of urinary tract infections due to susceptible gram-negative bacteria. Side-effects in dogs include vomiting, diarrhea and seizures.

Wikipedia: Nalidixic acid
Top
Home > Library > Miscellaneous > Wikipedia
Nalidixic acid
Systematic (IUPAC) name
1-ethyl-7-methyl-4-oxo-[1,8]naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid
Identifiers
CAS number 389-08-2
ATC code J01MB02
PubChem 4421
DrugBank APRD01133
Chemical data
Formula C12H12N2O3 
Mol. mass 232.235 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability  ?
Protein binding 90%
Metabolism Partially Hepatic
Half life 6-7 hours, significantly longer in renal impairment
Excretion  ?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.

B U.S.
Legal status
Routes Oral
 Yes check.svgY(what is this?)  (verify)

Nalidixic acid (tradenames Neggram, Wintomylon and WIN-18320) is the first of the synthetic quinolone antibiotics.

Synthetic quinolone antibiotics were discovered as a byproduct of quinine manufacture in the 1960s.[1]

Nalidixic acid is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. In lower concentrations, it acts in a bacteriostatic manner; that is, it inhibits growth and reproduction. In higher concentrations, it is bactericidal, meaning that it kills bacteria instead of merely inhibiting their growth.

It is especially used in treating urinary tract infections, caused, for example, by Escherichia coli, Proteus, Shigella, Enterobacter, and Klebsiella.. It is also a tool in studies as a regulation of bacterial division. It selectively and reversibly blocks DNA replication in susceptible bacteria. Nalidixic acid and related antibiotics inhibit a subunit of DNA gyrase and induce formation of relaxation complex analogue. It also inhibits the nicking dosing activity on the subunit of DNA gyrase that release the positive binding stress on on the supercoiled DNA.

Contents

Adverse effects

Convulsions and hyperglycaemia[2]

See also

References

  1. ^ Monique I. Andersson; Alasdair P. MacGowan (2003). "Development of the Quinolones". Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (Oxford University Press) 51 (Suppl. S1): 1–11. doi:10.1093/jac/dkg212. 
  2. ^ Fraser AG, Harrower AD (December 1977). "Convulsions and hyperglycaemia associated with nalidixic acid" (PDF). Br Med J 2 (6101): 1518. PMID 589309. PMC 1632822. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?artid=1632784&blobtype=pdf. 

External links

v • d • e
Antibacterials: nucleic acid inhibitors (J01E, J01M)
Antifolates
(inhibits
purine metabolism,
thereby inhibiting
DNA and RNA synthesis)
Other/ungrouped
Combinations
Topoisomerase
inhibitors/
quinolones/
(inhibits
DNA replication)
Cinoxacin‡ · Flumequine · Nalidixic acid · Oxolinic acid · Pipemidic acid · Piromidic acid · Rosoxacin
Related agents (DG)
Anaerobic DNA
inhibitors
Nitro- imidazole derivatives
Nitrofuran derivatives
RNA synthesis
#WHO-EM. ‡Withdrawn from market. CLINICAL TRIALS: †Phase III. §Never to phase III

This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)

 
 

 

Copyrights:

Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Dental Dictionary. Mosby's Dental Dictionary. Copyright © 2004 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.  Read more
Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved.  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Nalidixic acid".  Read more