| English: The National Anthem of the Soviet Union | |
|---|---|
| Gimn Sovetskogo Soyuza | |
| anthem of | Russian SFSR Soviet Union |
| Lyrics | Sergey Mikhalkov |
| Music | Alexander Alexandrov |
| Adopted | 1944 |
| Until | 1991 (Union level) Until 23 November 1990 in the Russian SFSR (republic level) |
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The National Anthem of the Soviet Union (or Hymn, Russian: Гимн Советского Союза, Gimn Sovetskogo Soyuza) replaced The Internationale as the national anthem on March 15, 1944. The lyrics were written by Sergey Mikhalkov (1913-2009) in collaboration with G. El-Registan (1899-1945) and the music was composed by Alexander Alexandrov (1883-1946). It was believed that Soviet soldiers would respond more to an anthem that was dedicated only to the Soviet Union rather than to a worldwide movement. The song was originally written as the Anthem of the Bolshevik Party with lyrics in the Alexandrine meter by Vasily Lebedev-Kumach in 1939.
Stalin was originally mentioned in the lyrics; however, after his death in 1953 and the process of Destalinization, the lyrics referring to Stalin were unacceptable. From that time until 1977, the anthem was played without lyrics. Revised lyrics without the references to Stalin and World War II were approved in 1977.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Russia adopted a new national anthem called Patriotic Song without any lyrics. In 2000, the Soviet national anthem (tune) was restored with Mikhalkov writing new lyrics. See National Anthem of Russia.
Also, the same music was used for a proposal of the anthem of the State Union of Russia and Belarus entitled Derzhavny Soyuz Narodov (Union of Sovereign Nations). Although never officially adopted, the lyrics of that piece were not tied to any specific nationality, and could be adopted for a broader union. However, there appears to be no plans to utilize that piece in any official role.
Below are the Russian and the English versions of the lyrics; both can be sung to the music. The anthem also had official versions in the languages of every Soviet republic and in several other Soviet languages.
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Wikisource has lyrics in other languages at: |
Contents |
1977 version
Lyrics
| Russian | Transliteration | English version endorsed by the CPSU[citation needed]: |
|---|---|---|
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1. ПРИПЕВ:
2.
3.
|
1. PRIPEV:
2.
3.
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1. CHORUS:
2.
3.
|
IPA transcription
1.
- [sɐˈjus nʲɪ.ruˈʂɨ.mɨj rʲɪsˈpub.lʲɪk svɐˈbod.nɨx]|
- splɐˈtʲi.lə nɐˈvʲe.kʲɪ vʲɪˈlʲi.kə.jɪ ˈrusʲ
- də‿ˈzdra.stvu.jɪt ˈsoz.də.nɨj ˈvo.lʲɪj nɐˈro.dəf|
- ɪˈdʲi.nɨj | mɐˈɡu.t͡ɕɪj | sɐˈvʲɛt͡s.kʲɪj sɐˈjus]
-
- CHORUS:
-
- [ˈslafʲ.sʲə ɐˈtʲe.t͡ɕɪs.tvə ˈna.ʂɨ svɐˈbod.nə.jɪ
- ˈdruʐ.bɨ nɐˈro.dəf nɐˈdʲoʐ.nɨj ɐˈplot
- ˈpar.tʲɪ.jə ˈlʲe.nʲɪ.nə sʲi.lə nɐˈrod.nə.jə
- nɐs k‿tər.ʐɨstˈvu kə.muˈnʲiz.mə vʲɪˈdʲot‖]
2.
- [skvəzʲ‿ˈɡro.zɨ sɪˈja.lɐ nam ˈson.t͡sɪ svɐˈbo.dɨ|
- i‿ˈlʲe.nʲɪn vʲɪˈlʲi.kʲɪj nɐm‿ˈputʲ ə.zɐˈrʲil|
- nɐ‿ˈpra.və.jɪ ˈdʲɛ.lə on ˈpod.nʲɪl naˈro.dɨ|
- nɐ‿ˈtrud i‿nɐ‿ˈpod.vʲɪ.ɡʲɪ ˈnas vdəx.nɐ.vʲɪl]
- CHORUS
3.
- [f‿pɐˈbʲe.dʲɪ bʲɪˈsmʲɛrt.nɨx ɪˈdʲej kə.muˈnʲiz.mə
- mɨ‿ˈvʲi.dʲɪm ɡrʲɪˈdu.ɕːiə ˈna.ʂɨj stra.nɨ
- i ˈkras.nə.mu ˈzna.mʲɪ.nʲɪ ˈslav.nəj ɐˈt͡ɕiz.nɨ
- mɨ ˈbu.dʲɪm fsʲɪɡˈda bɪ.zːɐˈvʲɛt.nə vʲɪrˈnɨ]
- CHORUS
Literal translation
1.
- Unbreakable union of free republics,
- Great Rus' has joined forever!
- Long live the created by the will of peoples
- United and mighty Soviet Union
-
- CHORUS:
- To Glory, our free Motherland
- The stronghold of the friendship of peoples
- Party of Lenin is the power of the people
- It leads us to the triumph of Communism
2.
- Through storms the sun of freedom shone to us
- And the great Lenin lighted us the way
- He raised peoples to the right cause
- He inspired us for labour and for acts of heroism
-
- CHORUS
3.
- In the victory of the immortal ideas of Communism
- We see the future of our country,
- And to the Red banner of our glorious Motherland
- We shall always be selflessly loyal
-
- CHORUS
1944 version
The 1944 text had three different refrains following three different stanzas; in each refrain, the second line was consequently modified with references to friendship, then happiness and finally the glory. In 1977, these refrains were replaced by a uniform refrain following all stanzas.
Official lyrics of 1944 version
| Russian | Transliteration | English translation |
|---|---|---|
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Союз нерушимый республик свободных
Сквозь грозы сияло нам солнце свободы,
Мы армию нашу растили в сраженьях.
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Soyuz nerushimy respublik svobodnykh
Skvoz' grozy siyalo nam solntse svobody,
My armiyu nashu rastili v srazhen'yakh,
|
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Other English versions
Translated by Paul Robeson:
(flag/light relates to slightly different versions)
- United forever in friendship and labour,
- Our mighty republics will ever endure.
- The great Soviet Union will live through the ages.
- The dream of a people their fortress secure.
-
- CHORUS:
- Long live our Soviet Motherland, built by the people's mighty hand.
- Long live our People, united and free.
- Strong in our friendship tried by fire. Long may our crimson flag inspire,
- Shining in glory for all men to see.
- Through days dark and stormy where Great Lenin led us
- Our eyes saw the bright sun of freedom above
- and Stalin our Leader with faith in the People,
- Inspired us to build up the land that we love.
-
- CHORUS:
- Long live our Soviet Motherland, built by the people's mighty hand.
- Long live our People, united and free.
- Strong in our friendship tried by fire. Long may our crimson flag inspire,
- Shining in glory for all men to see.
- We fought for the future, destroyed the invader,
- and brought to our homeland the Laurels of Fame.
- Our glory will live in the memory of nations
- and all generations will honour her name.
-
- CHORUS:
- Long live our Soviet Motherland, built by the people's mighty hand.
- Long live our People, united and free.
- Strong in our friendship tried by fire. Long may our crimson flag inspire,
- Shining in glory for all men to see.
Another version:
- Unbreakable Union of freeborn Republics
- Great Russia has wielded forever to stand!
- Created in struggle by will of the Peoples,
- United and Mighty our Soviet Land!
-
- CHORUS
- Sing to our Motherland, Free and Undying,
- Bulwark of Peoples in Brotherhood Strong!
- Flag of the Soviets, Flag of the people,
- From Victory to Victory lead us on!
- Through tempests the shadows of freedom have cheered us,
- Along the new path where great Lenin did lead,
- Be true to the people, thus Stalin has reared us,
- Inspired us to labor and Valorus Deed.
-
- CHORUS
- Sing to our Motherland, Free and Undying,
- Bulwark of Peoples in Happiness Strong!
- Flag of the Soviets, Flag of the people,
- From Victory to Victory lead us on!
- Our army grew up in the heat of grim battle,
- Barbarian invaders we'll swiftly strike down.
- In combat the fate of the future we'll settle,
- Our country we'll lead to eternal renown!
-
- CHORUS
- Sing to our Motherland, Free and Undying,
- Bulwark of Peoples in Bravery Strong!
- Flag of the Soviets, Flag of the people,
- From Victory to Victory lead us on!
Note: These versions of the Anthem are a poetic interpretation of the Russian lyrics rather than a word-by-word translation.'
Anthem of the Bolshevik Party
Official version
Гимн партии большевиков
| Russian | Transliteration | Literal English translation |
|---|---|---|
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National anthems of Russia and the Soviet Union
- 1791-1833: unofficially Grom pobedy, razdavajsya! ("Let the thunder of victory sound!") and Molitva russkikh
- 1833-1917: God Save the Tsar
- 1917: Otrechemsya ot starogo mira, Russian version of La Marseillaise
- 1922-1943: Internationale, adopted as the first national anthem of the Soviet Union
- 1944-1992: National Anthem of the Soviet Union, the "Hymn"; sung without lyrics from 1955 until 1977, when a new version of the lyrics removed any mention of Joseph Stalin and World War II
- 1991-2000: Prior to Russian independence the Patriotic Song (Patrioticheskaya Pesnya) became the national anthem of Russia. It has no lyrics; in 1999 there was a contest to add lyrics to the anthem, but the new text did not become official, since the new president Vladimir Putin changed the anthem again (on popular demand).
- 2001-: National Anthem of Russia is in fact the old anthem of the Soviet Union, but the text was again rewritten by Sergei Mikhalkov (who also wrote the lyrics for the Soviet hymn).
See also: National Anthems of the USSR and Union Republics
In Popular Culture
The anthem was heard being sung by Captain Ramius's crew in the 1989 film The Hunt For Red October, and was played over a car radio in the pilot episode of the 1990's sci-fi series Sliders.
Media
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See also
References
External links
- Russian Anthems museum - extensive set of downloadable recordings and official sheet music.
- 20 Most popular Soviet songs
- The author of Russian national anthem: sources of the USSR's anthem in Russian. by K.Kovalev - Eng. Bortniansky's anthem "Kol slaven" - Eng.
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