National conservatism is a political term used to describe a variant of conservatism which concentrates more on national interests and tend to traditional social and ethical views and, in the European context, to euroscepticism[1] than standard conservatism, while not being outspokenly nationalist[clarification needed] or supporting a far right approach. Many national conservatives are social conservatives, in favour of limiting immigration, and in Europe, they are usually eurosceptics.[2]
National conservatism is related to social conservatism, and as such may be heavily oriented towards the traditional family and social stability. According to one Austrian scholar, "national conservatism praises the family as a home and a centre of identity, solidarity and emotion."[3]
Besides those common elements, national conservatives may hold different views in different countries, depending on local factors. This is particularly true in the case of economic issues, where the views of national conservatives can range anywhere between support for a planned economy to advocating a centrist mixed economy to upholding a laissez-faire economy.
As such, national conservatives can be distinguished from economic conservatives, for whom free market economic policies are the main priority. Some commentators have identified a growing gap between national and economic conservatism: "...most parties of the Right [today] are run by economic conservatives who, in varying degrees, have marginalized social, cultural, and national conservatives."[4]
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National-conservative parties worldwide
- Alliance for the Future of Austria[5] (Austria)
- Alternative Democratic Reform Party (Luxembourg)
- Bharatiya Janata Party (India)
- Coastal Party (Norway)
- Constitution Party (United States)
- Danish People's Party (Denmark)
- Democratic Party of Serbia (Serbia)
- Democratic Unionist Party (Northern Ireland)[citation needed]
- For Fatherland and Freedom/LNNK (Latvia)
- Freedom Party of Austria[5] (Austria)
- Kataeb Party (Lebanon)
- Order and Justice (Lithuania)
- Law and Justice[2][6] (Poland)
- League of Polish Families (Poland)
- Movement for France (France)
- National Religious Party (Israel)
- Nationalist Movement Party (Turkey)
- One Nation (Australia)
- People's Party - Movement for a Democratic Slovakia (Slovakia)
- Republican Party of Armenia (Armenia)
- Sweden Democrats (Sweden)[citation needed]
- Swiss People's Party[7] (Switzerland)
- The Right (Italy)
- True Finns (Finland)
- Vlaams Belang (Belgium)
- New Zealand First (New Zealand)
Historical national-conservative parties
- German National People's Party (Germany)
- National Democratic Party (Czechoslovakia)
- Monarchist National Party (Italy)
- Lithuanian National Union (Lithuania)
- National Democracy (Poland)
See also
- Alliance for Europe of the Nations
- Union for Europe of the Nations
- Religious nationalism
- Right-wing politics
- Gaullism
References
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2009) |
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.de/contents.html
- ^ a b Traynor, Ian, The EU's weary travellers The Guardian, April 4, 2006
- ^ Rosenberger, Sieglinde, Europe is swinging towards the right - What are the effects on women?, University of Vienna, 2002
- ^ National questions - conservatives fragmenting as liberals unite, National Review, June 30, 1997
- ^ a b http://www.parties-and-elections.de/austria.html
- ^ Goethe and Dostoyevsky Escape Poland's Literary Cull, Der Spiegel, June 6, 2007
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.de/switzerland.html
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