neuritis

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The inflammation of a nerve, accompanied by pain and tenderness over the nerves, anesthesia, disturbance of sensation, paralysis, wasting, and disappearance of reflexes.

An inflammation of a nerve characterized by pain, tenderness, and loss of function. It is not common in athletes, but it can occur as a result of a physical injury to a nerve. This is known as traumatic neuritis. It may be due to a blow, pressure from ill-fitting sports gear, or pressure from a bony exostosis.

Pl. neuritides; inflammation of a nerve; also used to denote noninflammatory lesions of the peripheral nervous system. See also neuropathy.
There are many different forms of neuritis. Some increase or decrease the sensitivity of the body part served by the nerve; others produce paralysis; others cause pain and inflammation. The cases in which pain is the chief symptom are generally called neuralgia.
Neuritis and neuralgia affect the peripheral nerves, the nerves that link the brain and spinal cord with the muscles, skin, organs, and all other parts of the body. These nerves usually carry both sensory and motor fibers; hence both pain and some paralysis may result.

• allergic n. — see experimental allergic neuritis (below).
• autoimmune n. — see experimental allergic neuritis (below).
• cauda equina n. — see cauda equina neuritis.
• equine exudative optic n. — a cause of sudden blindness in old horses of unknown etiology but sometimes associated with trauma to the head. There are signs of acute inflammation with optic neuritis and later atrophy.
• equine proliferative optic n. — an incidental unilateral finding in old horses of cauliflower-like mass attached to the optic disk; vision is not impaired.
• experimental allergic n. (EAN) — an ascending polyneuritis produced experimentally by the administration of nerve tissue. The condition resembles guillain–barré syndrome, cauda equina neuritis in horses, and coonhound paralysis. Called also allergic, autoimmune neuritis.
• interstitial n. — inflammation of the connective tissue of a nerve trunk.
• multiple n. — neuritis affecting several nerves at once; polyneuritis.
• optic n. — inflammation of the optic nerve, affecting the part of the nerve within the eyeball (neuropapillitis) or the part behind the eyeball (retrobulbar neuritis).
• parenchymatous n. — neuritis affecting primarily the axons and the myelin of the peripheral nerves.
• retrobulbar n. — optic neuritis affecting the part of the optic nerve behind the eyeball.
• toxic n. — neuritis due to some poison.
• traumatic n. — neuritis following and due to injury.

Further information: Neuropathy and Neuralgia

Neuritis
Classification and external resources
ICD-10	M79.2
ICD-9	729.2
MeSH	D009443

Neuritis is inflammation of a nerve^[1] or the general inflammation of the peripheral nervous system.

Contents 1 Symptoms 2 Causes 3 Types 4 See also 5 References 6 Sources 7 External links

Symptoms

Symptoms depend on the nerves involved, but may include pain, paresthesia, paresis, hypoesthesia (numbness), anesthesia, paralysis, wasting, and disappearance of the reflexes.

Causes

See also: neuropathy

• Infection:
  • Herpes simplex
  • Shingles
  • Leprosy
  • Guillain-Barre syndrome

• Chemical injury
• Physical injury
• Radiation

• Underlying conditions causing localized neuritis (affecting a single nerve):
  • Diphtheria
  • Localized injury
  • Diabetes

• Underlying conditions causing polyneuritis (affecting multiple nerves):
  • Beriberi
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency
  • Metabolic diseases
  • Diabetes
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Porphyria
  • Infections, bacterial and/or viral
  • Autoimmune disease, especially Multiple Sclerosis
  • Cancer
  • Alcoholism
  • Wartenbergs migratory sensory neuropathy

Types

• Polyneuritis or Multiple neuritis
• Brachial neuritis
• Optic neuritis
• Peripheral neuritis, also known as Peripheral neuropathy
• Vestibular neuritis
• Cranial neuritis, often representing as Bell's Palsy
• Arsenic neuritis

See also

• Neurology
• Nerve
• Nervous tissue
• Myelin

References

1. ^ neuritis at Dorland's Medical Dictionary

Sources

• Neuritis, W.B. Saunders Company; 30th B/Cdr edition (May, 2003)
• Arsenic Poisoning - NERVOUS DISTURBANCES

External links

• National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
• Neuropathy Association

v • d • e Inflammation Acute Plasma derived mediators Bradykinin · complement (C3, C5a, MAC) · coagulation (Factor XII, Plasmin, Thrombin) Cell derived mediators preformed: Lysosome granules · vasoactive amines (Histamine, Serotonin) synthesized on demand: cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-1) · eicosanoids (Leukotriene B4, Prostaglandins) · Nitric oxide · Kinins Chronic Macrophage · Epithelioid cell · Giant cell · Granuloma Processes Traditional: Rubor · Calor · Tumor · Dolor (pain) · Functio laesa Modern: Acute-phase reaction/Fever · Vasodilation · Increased vascular permeability · Exudate · Leukocyte extravasation · Chemotaxis Specific types Nervous CNS (Encephalitis, Myelitis) · Meningitis (Arachnoiditis) · PNS (Neuritis) · eye (Dacryoadenitis, Scleritis, Keratitis, Choroiditis, Retinitis, Chorioretinitis, Blepharitis, Conjunctivitis, Iritis, Uveitis) · ear (Otitis, Labyrinthitis, Mastoiditis) Cardiovascular Carditis (Endocarditis, Myocarditis, Pericarditis) · Vasculitis (Arteritis, Phlebitis, Capillaritis) Respiratory upper (Sinusitis, Rhinitis, Pharyngitis, Laryngitis) · lower (Tracheitis, Bronchitis, Bronchiolitis, Pneumonitis, Pleuritis) · Mediastinitis Digestive mouth (Stomatitis, Gingivitis, Gingivostomatitis, Glossitis, Tonsillitis, Sialadenitis/Parotitis, Cheilitis, Pulpitis, Gnathitis) · tract (Esophagitis, Gastritis, Gastroenteritis, Enteritis, Colitis, Enterocolitis, Duodenitis, Ileitis, Caecitis, Appendicitis, Proctitis) · accessory (Hepatitis, Cholangitis, Cholecystitis, Pancreatitis) · Peritonitis Integumentary Dermatitis (Folliculitis) · Cellulitis · Hidradenitis Musculoskeletal Arthritis · Dermatomyositis · soft tissue (Myositis, Synovitis/Tenosynovitis, Bursitis, Enthesitis, Fasciitis, Capsulitis, Epicondylitis, Tendinitis, Panniculitis) Osteochondritis: Osteitis (Spondylitis, Periostitis) · Chondritis Urinary Nephritis (Glomerulonephritis, Pyelonephritis) · Ureteritis · Cystitis · Urethritis Reproductive female: Oophoritis · Salpingitis · Endometritis · Parametritis · Cervicitis · Vaginitis · Vulvitis · Mastitis male: Orchitis · Epididymitis · Prostatitis · Balanitis · Balanoposthitis pregnancy/newborn: Chorioamnionitis · Omphalitis Endocrine Insulitis · Hypophysitis · Thyroiditis · Parathyroiditis · Adrenalitis Lymphatic Lymphangitis · Lymphadenitis

v • d • e Nervous system pathology, PNS, Somatic (G50-G64, 350-357) Nerve, nerve root, plexus Cranial nerve disease V (Trigeminal neuralgia) · VII (Facial nerve paralysis, Bell's palsy, Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, Central seven) · XI (Accessory nerve disorder) Radiculopathy, plexopathy brachial plexus (Brachial plexus lesion, Thoracic outlet syndrome) · Phantom limb Mono- neuropathy Upper limb median nerve (Carpal tunnel syndrome) ulnar nerve (Ulnar nerve entrapment, Froment's sign, Guyon's canal syndrome, Ulnar claw) radial nerve (Radial neuropathy, Wrist drop) long thoracic nerve (Winged scapula) Lower limb lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh (Meralgia paraesthetica) tibial nerve (Tarsal tunnel syndrome) plantar nerve (Morton's neuroma) superior gluteal nerve (Trendelenburg's sign) sciatic nerve (Piriformis syndrome) General Causalgia · Mononeuritis multiplex · Neuropathy (Neuralgia/Neuritis) Polyneuropathies/ Polyradiculoneuropathy HMSN Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease · Dejerine Sottas syndrome · Refsum's disease · Hereditary spastic paraplegia Autoimmune/demyelinating Guillain-Barré syndrome · Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy Other Alcoholic polyneuropathy peripheral nervous system navs: anat/histo/physio/dev, noncongen PNS somatic/autonomic/congen/neoplasia, symptoms+signs/eponymous, proc

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Dansk (Danish)
n. - nervebetændelse

Nederlands (Dutch)
zenuwontsteking

Français (French)
n. - névrite

Deutsch (German)
n. - Nervenentzündung

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - (παθολ.) νευρίτιδα

Italiano (Italian)
neurite

Português (Portuguese)
n. - neurite (f) (Med.)

Русский (Russian)
неврит

Español (Spanish)
n. - neuritis

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - nervinflammation, neurit

中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
神经炎

中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 神經炎

한국어 (Korean)
n. - 신경염

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 神経炎

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) التهاب العصب‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮דלקת עצבים, נויריטיס‬

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