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Nikon F

 
 

This did more than any other single-lens reflex (SLR) camera to enhance the reputation of the Japanese photographic industry and its products. Introduced in 1959, it quickly became a best-seller and professionals' choice. Although not the first SLR, it incorporated features that made it particularly appealing. Its superlative build quality made it attractive to professionals, notably photojournalists in combat situations; the viewfinder gave a 100 per cent view; it came with a range of accessories including a four-frame-per-second motordrive; and it was immediately available with lenses from 21 mm to 500 mm. The Nikkor lenses, especially, were recognized as being of exceptional quality.

Between 1959 and 19 May 1974, when production ended, 862, 600 cameras were made. Users included such legendary names as Don McCullin, W. Eugene Smith, David Douglas Duncan, Alfred Eisenstaedt, and nearly every photographer on Life magazine from 1960 until its close. It was also standard equipment at National Geographic and United Press International (UPI). Its use in Vietnam and at most demonstrations in the 1960s confirmed its iconic status.

The Nikon F was instrumental in helping the SLR and 35 mm film gain acceptance amongst professionals, encouraged consumer acceptance of Japanese photographic equipment, and helped to start the development of ‘system’ SLR cameras with a range of lenses and accessories designed to work with and complement each other. Subsequent Nikon models, with the F2 from 1971, extended this concept.

— Michael Pritchard

Bibliography

  • Cooper, J. D., and Abbot, J. C., Nikon F Nikkormat Handbook of Photography (1968).
  • Matanle, I., ‘Right from the Start’, Amateur Photographer, 200/3 (26 July 2003)
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Wikipedia: Nikon F
 
Nikon F
Type: 35 mm SLR camera
Lens mount: Nikon F-mount
Focus: manual
Exposure: manual
Flash: non-ISO hot shoe, or PC socket for off-camera flash
Nikon FTN with interchangeable photomic TTL metering prism
The Nikon F was the first true system camera
The first 35mm perspective control lens was introduced in 1961 for the Nikon F

Introduced in 1959, the Nikon F camera introduced the concept of the 35 mm single-lens reflex camera (SLR) system; that is to say, it introduced a lineup of the following interchangeable parts connected to the camera body:

  • The Nikon F camera, which evolved from the rangefinder Nikon SP camera, had a standard pentaprism and is a completely mechanical camera that does not require batteries.
  • A lens with the "F" bayonet mount that is still in use today, essentially unchanged except for minor refinements to keep pace with current technology. Nikon lenses are usually known as Nikkor lenses, except for the "Series E" lenses of the early 1980s.
  • A viewfinder. The original standard pentaprism viewfinder did not contain a light meter. Later viewfinders were offered that included a meter, the Photomic series.
  • An interchangeable focusing screen.
  • A camera back. Variants were available that could support 100-foot bulk film instead of the standard 36 exposures.
  • An optional motor drive that advances the film automatically. In initial variants, this required a modification to the camera body.

Contents

History

The Nikon F evolved from a rangefinder camera, the Nikon SP.[1] "In the trial model, based on the body of the Nikon SP, the mirror box was inserted in the central part. Only the three principal components, mirror box, pentaprism and bayonet mount, were newly developed, and the other components were virtually identical to those in SP/S3."[2]

Upon its debut, the Nikon F SLR system revolutionized the photographic market, stealing the thunder of German manufacturers Leica and Zeiss. The F also had a reputation for being extremely resilient to damage or mechanical failure. It became known as "the hockey puck". Many professional photographers, especially photojournalists, began using the F camera system.

The first Nikon F Photomic viewfinder had an independent photocell, then Nikon introduced the Photomic T (superseded by the Photomic Tn), which featured through-the-lens TTL metering. The final metering prism for the Nikon F, the Photomic FTn, provided 60% center-weighted TTL which became the standard metering pattern for Nikon cameras for decades afterwards. Additional viewfinders included a waist-level viewer and an "action finder" with a larger viewable area.

One possible disadvantage the Nikon F had compared to other professional cameras was the fact the entire bottom and rear plate was made in one piece, and had to be removed to reload the camera. Even so, the camera was a mainstay of professional news photographers desiring a 35 mm SLR. A specially modified Nikon FTn was also taken on the Apollo 15 mission to the Moon.

The Nikon F was succeeded in 1972 by the Nikon F2 series. Subsequent "single-digit" F cameras continued as the top of Nikon's professional line of film SLRs, through the Nikon F6 introduced in 2004. The naming system changed for digital SLRs, beginning with the Nikon D1 in 1999, but Nikon's DSLRs continue to use the F lens mount introduced in 1959.

See also

References

External links

Literature

  • Comon, P. (1996): Magic Lantern Guides Classic Series: Nikon Classic Cameras Vol.1 for F, Nikkormat Series, Fe, Fe2nd Fa (Nikon Classic Cameras), Magic Lantern Guides (ISBN 1-883403-31-6)
  • Koch, U.: Nikon F, Coeln, Peter (England) (ISBN 3-9501443-0-7)
  • Koch, U. (2003): Nikon F. The Camera, Lindemanns (ISBN 3-9501443-1-5)
  • Koch, U. (2003): Nikon F. The Lenses, Lindemanns (ISBN 3-9501443-2-3)
  • Koch, U. (2004): Nikon F. The Accessories, Lindemanns (ISBN 3-9501443-3-1)

 
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Copyrights:

Photography Encyclopedia. The Oxford Companion to the Photograph. Copyright © 2005 by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Nikon F" Read more